Architecture and Civil Engineering Unit Catalogue

ARCH0001: Acoustics & sound control
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: To strengthen the link between theory and design. Objectives: To complement previous acoustics courses with an understanding of the analytical methods and practical techniques for the acoustic design of buildings.
Content:
Wave theory: plane and spherical waves Standing waves. Propagation across medium boundaries. Vibration in buildings: free and forced vibration. Damping. Machine motion, inertial bases Traffic noise. Sound insulation case studies. Ventilation noise design: - ductborne and regenerated noise Speech in offices Open plan offices

ARCH0002: Continuum mechanics 1
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce continuum mechanics and its application to elasticity, plasticity and fluid mechanics.
Content:
The unit is complementary to other units describing the numerical methods which would be used to solve the equations. Equations in three dimensions using 'Timoshenko notation'. Stress functions. Compatability equations. Two dimensional elasticity: derivation of del4phi=0 and solutions using polynomials. Reworking of this using cartesian tensor notation to demonstrate its utility. Plasticity: Tresca and von Mises yield criteria. Outline proof of upper and lower bound theorems. Application to indentation problems. Derivation of Navier-Stokes equations in fluid mechanics.

ARCH0003: Building environment 1
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX60 CW40
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: Introduction to basic concepts and general design issues. Objectives: To provide a basic vocabulary which enables a sensible discussion of environmental issues. To make students aware of the effects of physical impingements upon the body. The introduction of principal design variables. To use calculations at a basic level sufficient to enable students to make informed decisions about the orientation of buildings, the choice of building envelope and satisfactory internal conditions.
Content:
Lighting Seeing: Receptors, stimulus, sensation, adaption, contrast, perceptual constancies Design criteria: Seeing the world as it is, performance, critical detail, contrast, light level. Units: Radiant flux, luminous flux, illuminance, luminous exitance. Calculations: Average illuminance, average daylight factor. Natural light: Light environments, sunlight and daylight availability, sunpath diagrams. Windows: Design criteria for windows, area, distribution, position, shape, details. Thermal Comfort: Physiology and metabolism, work performance, criteria, comfort charts. Air quality: airborne contaminants, O2, CO2, bacteria, odours , ventilation needs. Climate: Global, macro, micro, built form related to climate, design values. Properties: radiation, convection, conduction, water vapour Units: Temperature, irradiance, humidity, moisture content Fabric: heat gain and loss, U-values, condensation, Building Regulations, peak temps. Acoustics Hearing: The experience of sound and the auditory system. Sound: Its nature, Frequency and wavelength, measurement and quantification. Units: Decibels, addition of sound levels. Sound propagation: In free space, within rooms, Reverberation and the Sabine equation. Sound insulation: Transmission and absorption. Insulation and mass.

ARCH0004: Building environment 2
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX60 CW40
Requisites: Pre ARCH0003
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: A review of some design methods encountered in practice. Objectives: To gain a basic understanding of all principal concerns in buildings including both the modification of external environment using the building envelope and creation of good internal conditions by appropriate building design and the incorporation of necessary electrical and mechanical systems. To be able to do simple calculations as well as apply the knowledge to design projects.
Content:
Lighting Daylight: Daylight factors at a point, Waldram diagrams, no sky lines. Shading: Design of solar shading to exclude sunlight. Units of light: Point sources, luminous intensity, luminance, calculation of illuminance. Light sources: Efficacy, life, colour, rendering, optical size, physical size, flicker, lumen maintenance, starting time, restart time, wattages available, cost. Installations: Choice of luminaire, illuminance ratios, uniformity, regular arrays, lumen method, discomfort glare, disability glare, reflected glare, vector/scalar ratios. Acoustics Sound and noise analysis. Propagation of sound: Outside. Sound reflection, diffraction and diffusion. Sound absorption. Sound level and reverberation in rooms. Transmission and insulation: Single partitions. Sound propagation in and out of buildings. Cavity constructions. Flanking transmission. Impact noise insulation. Acoustic design for speech and music: Sightline design, acoustic faults. Outside and enclosed theatres. Concert hall design including the traditional rectangular hall. Thermal Energy: Requirements for heating and cooling, assessments, targets, efficiency. Spaces: Zones of discomfort, action of heat emitters, co-ordination, safety. Ventilation: Natural, mechanical, systems, mixing, distribution patterns. Materials: Choosing appropriate characteristics for walls, ceilings, floors and roofs. Solar heating: Windows, atria, sun spaces, active collection and storage. Heat production: Electricity, oil, gas, centralised and distributed boiler plant, emission control. Sick building syndrome: Causes, avoidance. Air-conditioning: Essential psychrometrics, comfort cooling, ventilation, full air-conditioning. All air systems: High & low velocity, single duct, dual duct, variable air volume/temperature. Air /chilled water: High and low velocity, fan coil, induction, terminal reheat, chilled surfaces. Plant: Central vs. distributed, space requirements, water chillers, cooling towers, air-cooled condensers, air handling units, fresh air intakes, exhausts.

ARCH0005: Building environmental engineering
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: To consider the strategy of design for the thermal environment. Objectives: To understand the analytical techniques available to investigate the thermal responses of building fabric and the conditions within the building. To provide the information needed to choose an appropriate heating, ventilation or air conditioning system and estimate energy consumption throughout the year.
Content:
Passive control: Built form, thermal storage, natural ventilation Active systems: Heating and air conditioning systems, energy use, automatic controls and energy measurement systems. Themal modelling software.

ARCH0006: Civil engineering construction
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The course covers the practical, safety and organisational aspects of civil engineering construction and is intended to present an overview of procedures in the industry.
Content:
Early roads (Roman to Macadam) and Bridges (beams, arches, trusses to steel and concrete). Present organisation and procedure - DOT, Welsh Office, etc. RCU's and County Councils - rules, codes, memoranda. Road Alignment horizontal curves, vertical curves, gradients, sight lines. Pavement Design rigid, flexible, vertical curves, gradients, sight lines. Bridge Design types of crossing, relationship to strata, factors affecting choice of materials and construction, headroom, loading rules. Cut and fill/embankments factors affecting excavation and fill (costs, suitability of fill, difficulties of excavation programme etc), calculations for cut and fill, slopes of embankments, compaction. Piers and caissons, box foundations buoyancy rafts and basements, piers, open caissons, box caissons, pneumatic caissons. Methods of construction. Excavating below water table or in water sheet cofferdams, diaphragms, underwater construction, well-pointing, pumping. Excavations in cohesive and non-cohesive soils methods of excavation and shoring, means of determining forces and bending moments in shoring systems. Tunnelling in rock and in soft ground types of machines, immersed tubes. Safety and Health on construction sites, good practice and relationship to law.

ARCH0007: Civil engineering hydraulics 1
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop the student's knowledge and understanding of open channel flow beyond that covered in Fluid Mechanics, and give the student a knowledge of civil engineering structures in which that understanding is applied.
Content:
Open channel flow: normal flow, critical flow, Froude Number, surges, hydraulic jump, broad crested weir, narrowing channel, gradually varied flow, backwater curve and surface profiles. Hydraulic structures: dams, spillways, stilling basins, draw off towers, constant velocity channel, settlement tanks, flow dividers.

ARCH0008: Civil engineering hydraulics 2
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give the students some knowledge and understanding of the behaviour of water in and around buildings. To consider the environmental impact of buildings including waste disposal, groundwater and contaminated ground. The successful student should be able to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the subject areas described in the content.
Content:
Groundwater: wells, groundwater movement, groundwater contamination, dispersion and diffusion. Water supply: sources of water, purity, hardness, water consumption, methods of treatment, supply networks, supply installations, estimation of demand and sizing, simultaneous demand. Drainage: foul and surface water drainage, materials and components, sizing and design, ventilation, xewage lifting, sewerage systems, problems with various effluents, septic tanks, disposal to rivers. Environmental and risk assessment, pollution.

ARCH0009: Computer aided design 1
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
This course is intended to introduce students to the use of CAD software in the construction industry and to develop skills using AutoCAD for Windows. In addition students will be given an introduction to the campus network and to the sofware available on machines throughout the University. By the end of the course student should be able to use AutoCAD to construct 2D drawings and 3D models of their design projects.
Content:
By the end of the course student should be able to use AutoCAD to construct 2D drawings and 3D models of their design projects. The course is taught through illustrated lectures, tutorial exercises which students work through in their own time and tutorial classes where they receive help in the CAD Studio.

ARCH0010: Computer aided design 2
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0009
Aims & learning objectives:

Content:
The course will consist of introductory lectures on advanced AutoCAD modelling techniques and optimising design projects for use in 3DStudio. By the end of the course students should be confident in the use of 3DStudio for assigning textured materials with lighting and camera effects to produce rendered stills or animations. The course will be taught through illustrated lectures and tutorials in the CAD studio alongside small projects worked through in the students own time. Submission can either be in the form of rendered stills or a short animation.

ARCH0011: Conservation of historic buildings
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give the student sufficient specialist knowledge and insight to enable participation in design and appraisal of engineering work on historic buildings. Objectives: To familiarise the student with issues affecting the structural conservation of historic buildings. To teach the correct methodological approach. To encourage an interest in historic and architectonic issues. To encourage a flair for investigation supported by sound structural knowledge.
Content:
The mechanics of historic materails, and the assessment of their properties in situ and in the laboratory. The use of analytical tools in the interpretation of the structural condition of existing buildings. The methodology for the analysis of historic buildings: - the collectin of data from different fields of analysis (history, architectonic quality, visual inspection, survey and in situ testing, crack pattern interpretation and structural analysis). - interpretation of data to produce a final judgement on causes of damage and present safety level, with examples Choice and implementation of structural conservation techniques. Level of alteration of existing structure, reversibility of new work, homogeneity of old and new materials, with direct involvement in project work. Dedicated seminars will be used throughout the course, given by representatives of English Heritage and engineering companies.

ARCH0012: Construction 2.2
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0014
Aims & learning objectives:
The aims are to demonstrate how to integrate construction, building services and engineering into the Design Studio, and to establish standards of technical ('working') drawing technique of a standard that may be expected in the first Professional Placement ARCH0064. The learning objectives are to provide students with good examples of modern constructional practice, and to assess their ability to apply good practice to a specific building type.
Content:
Lectures by representatives of specialist sectors of the building industry. Preparation of a 1:20 uncut sectional working drawing of a building (usually multi-storey in height) designed during Design Studio 2.1 or 2.2: ARCH0017/18. To be presented together with structural diagrams, building services diagrams, 'U'-value calculations and full descriptive notation.

ARCH0013: Construction 3
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0012
Aims & learning objectives:

Content:
Materials Metals, glass, coatings and finishes, plastics and insulants. Performance Criteria Principles: joint and support design. Systems Structural gasket and panel, structural and silicone glazed, pressure plate and components. Case Studies Hong Kong Bank, B3 + B8 Stockley Park etc. Site Visit Stockley Park, Taywood Engineering, Elemeta. Design Project Tutorial sessions related to the joint 3rd year design project.

ARCH0014: Construction & materials
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide a basic understanding of building construction and materials, sufficient to allow students to integrate this knowledge into their design work.
Content:
This course will take place within the studio, and will be co-ordinated as much as possible with other studio projects. The basic human need for shelter. Natural and man-made materials and textures. Foundations: strip, raft, piled foundations. Columns. External walls in masonry and brick. Bonding, insulation, coursing, dimensions, junctions. Eaves, gables and ridges. Flat roofs, parapets and eaves. Wall openings. Windows and doors. Jambs, sills, heads, thresholds, sizes and frames. Glazing. Suspended timber floors. Concrete floors. Stairs and ramps. Internal walls and partitions. Junctions and finishes. Glazed walls and roofs. Curtain walling. Timber construction. The Segal method. Cladding materials and techniques. Detailed 3-dimensional studies of junctions.

ARCH0015: Design studio 1.1
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students the basic dawing and model making skills required in subsequent project work. To provide an introduction to the design process.
Content:
The conventions of architectural and engineering drawing. Orthographic, planometric, isometric and oblique projections. Freehand survey drawing. An introduction to perspective. Consideration of spatial, structural, environmental and constructional issues in the design of a small building.

ARCH0016: Design studio 1.2
Semester 2
Credits: 24
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0015
Aims & learning objectives:
To continue, through a series of short structured projects, the exploration of fundamental theoretical and historical themes in architecture begun with the reading programme in Semester 1. The aim of these projects is to provoke students to ask - and suggest some answers to - the basic question, what is this activity called 'architecture' which we propose to devote our careers to? In the process they will also acquire and develop skills in design and communication.
Content:
Four major project-programmes are undertaken, each comprising four discrete projects which are separately criticized and assessed. The first programme is a creative application of the themes of the Semester 1 reading programme. The second is devoted to materials, which the four projects explore at a technical, environmental, ecological and emotive level. The third concentrates on the spatial structure and historical evolution of the house, taken as a paradigm for architecture in general (Alberti's house-city analogy). The final project explores the perception of architecture and the problems of communicating the architectural experience through a number of examples.

ARCH0017: Design studio 2.1
Semester 1
Credits: 12
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0016
Aims & learning objectives:
The unit aims to provide students with specific design skills (as listed in the unit contents), and provide further experience of design process. The learning objectives are to assess the readiness of students for their first placement experience (Professional Placement 1).
Content:
The design and detailing of an interior space. The achievement of quality in space. Materials and the junctions between them. Development of presentation skills. Housing theory through study of housing precedents: through a visit to a British or European city. Housing as an element of urban design The enclosure, planning and detailing of external space Site analysis. There will be a joint design project with engineering students.

ARCH0018: Design studio 2.2
Semester 2
Credits: 12
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0017
Aims & learning objectives:
Apart from the acquisition of design skills listed in the unit contents, this unit gives continuing experience of the design process, and in particular prepares students for their first placement (Professional Placement 1)
Content:
The design and detailing of an interior space The achievement of quality in space Materials and junctions between them Development of presentation skills Housing theory Study of housing precedents through a visit to a British or European city Housing as an element of urban design The enclosure, planning and detailing of external space Site analysis There will be a joint design project with students of engineering in the year.

ARCH0019: Design studio 3.1
Semester 1
Credits: 15
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0018, Co ARCH0093
Aims & learning objectives:
The third year studio syllabus exploits the international profile of the year. The studio furthers the individual student's capacity for independent architectural thought and its application at all stages of the design process. The studio explores the relationship between culture, urban form and architecture, allowing students from diverse cultural backgrounds to share their understanding and experiences, as well as the coherent presentation of ideas through suitable media, and on open group discussion of these ideas. The studio develops skills in working as individuals and as members of a team.
Content:
A series of design projects, including a joint design project with students of engineering in the year.

ARCH0020: Design studio 3.2
Semester 2
Credits: 12
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0019
Aims & learning objectives:
The third year studio syllabus exploits the international profile of the year. The studio furthers the individual student's capacity for independent architectural thought and its application at all stages of the design process. The studio explores the relationship between culture, urban form and architecture, allowing students from diverse cultural backgrounds to share their understanding and experiences, as well as the coherent presentation of ideas through suitable media, and on open group discussion of these ideas.The studio develops skills in working as individuals and as members of a team.
Content:
A series of design projects, including a joint design project with students of engineering in the year.

ARCH0021: Design studio 4.1
Semester 1
Credits: 12
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0019
Aims & learning objectives:

Content:
Part of the year is spent in a joint project with students of engineering, leading to the award of the Basil Spence Prize for the best multidisciplinary teamwork. In addition, students of architecture will undertake: The development of design strategies for a significant public space, related to - The detailed design of a large building with high structural and environmental demands, typically a performance space. This design will be used, where possible, as a vehicle for assessment for the technical modules in years 3/4.

ARCH0022: Design studio 4.2
Semester 2
Credits: 30
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0021
Aims & learning objectives:

Content:
Part of the year is spent in a joint project with students of engineering, leading to the award of the Basil Spence Prize for the best multidisciplinary teamwork.In addition, students of architecture will undertake:The development of design strategies for a significant public space, related to - The detailed design of a large building with high structural and environmental demands, typically a performance space. This design will be used, where possible, as a vehicle for assessment for the technical modules in years 3/4.

ARCH0023: Dissertation
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: OR100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To assess the ability of students for original and individual thought and application to a substantial project/ programme of work.
Content:
A substantial work of research presented as a short thesis, normally entailing experimental and analytical or numberical modelling and their practical application to a researched topic. This preliminary unit represents the background reading and planning for the investigation. Assessment will be together with Dissertation Completion, but a formal presentation must be made by each student describing the background, aims, and proposed methods of their dissertation, which will carry 50% of the mark for this unit.

ARCH0024: Continuum mechanics 2
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give a brief introduction to cuvilear co-ordinates and tensors which are useful for any advanced work in continuum mechanics, the finite element method, or shell theory. To stimulate the students interest in physics and its relation to some important areas of current engineering research.
Content:
Revisio of Navier-Stokes equations and introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics. Curvilinear co-ordinates, covariant and contravariant base vectors, metric tensor. Tensor product. Tensors in cuvilenear co-ordinates. Properties of symmetric second order tensors - principal values and directinos, Mohr's circles in three dimensions. Definition of stress and strain in curvilinear co-ordinates. Christoffel symbols and covariant differentiation. Equilibrium equations in curvilinear co-ordinates. Constiutive equations in elasticity, plasticity and fluid mechanics using curvilinear co-ordinates. Geometry of surfaces, metric tensor, second fundamental form, normal curvature and twist, mean and Gaussian curvature. Order of covariant differentiation, Reimann-Christoffel tensor. Gauss's theorem and the Codazzi equations. Membrane equilibrium equations. Application to shell and tension structures. Discussion of ccurvilinear co-ordinates in 4-dimensional space-time, the Bianci relations, the Ricci tensor, the Einstein tensor and the General Theory of Relativity.

ARCH0025: Dissertation completion
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: DS100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
As for Dissertation.
Content:
The main part of the dissertation work, following on from the 'Dissertation' unit.

ARCH0026: Facade engineering construction
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give a knowledge and understanding of the design and construction of building facades. Objectives: To give an understanding of the various structural and environmental requirements of facades. To give a knowledge of the various methods used in facade construction, and of how they meet design requirements.
Content:
Design principles Windows, curtain walling, slope glazing, overcladding. Front sealed, drained and ventilated and pressure equalised systems. Materials Glass, aluminium, steel, PVC.U, G.R.P., G.R.C., bricks, natural stone, precast concrete, finishes, sealants, gaskets. Performance criteria Water penetration, air leakage, wind, thermal mass and insulation, condensation, acoustics, building movement, thermal movement, ventilation, fire, security, blast. Specification and contracts Nature of the industry, construction/manufacturing, specification, contracts, installation. Detailing Joints, anchorages, stick systems, panellised systems, untied systems, tolerances.

ARCH0027: Electrical engineering
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give the student a basic knowledge of those aspects of electrical engineering most pertinent to civil engineering and building design.
Content:
Basic units, electromagnetic theory, AC generation, phasor diagram, power factor, three phase supply, transformer characteristics, AC machines, power electronics

ARCH0029: Environmental design
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0004
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: To improve students confidence to use building environmental design as a major positive factor in the design of buildings. Objectives: To examine in some detail the objectives of design using examples from practice. The course will use the joint design project as a vehicle for the early lectures in the course.
Content:
Lighting Design: Designed appearance, enclosure, structure, rational use of colour. Combined lighting: Exploitation of natural light, control of electric lighting. Design criteria: Establishing criteria, isolation of variables, effects of experimentation. Display: Art galleries, museums, principles of design, conservation. Nightime lighting: Security, floodlighting of buildings. Green buildings: Integrated design. Acoustics Principles of internal room acoustic design. Acoustic design of lecture and drama theatres. Multi-purpose hall design. Noise control in buildings. Case histories of internal acoustic and noise control design. Guidance for the final year joint design project. Thermal Choice between passive and active control of internal environment. incorporating major Building services.

ARCH0030: Facade engineering
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To extend the knowledge and understanding gained in Facade Engineering Construction by examining the engineering issues involved in current developments in Window and Cladding Technology.
Content:
Brittle materials, anchorages and fixings Engineering use of adhesives Structural/ cladding interaction Structural use of glass Heat transfer, thermal capacity, component temperatures, shading, moisture and condensation Advanced glazing Durability, weathering

ARCH0033: Geology
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX90 CW10
Requisites: Co ARCH0212
Aims & learning objectives:
To give a general knowledge of geological processes appropriate to the needs of a civil engineer, and to teach basic methods of interpretation of simple geological maps
Content:
Soil and rock description. Particle size classification. Definitions of voids ratio, Moisture content, density, Atterberg Limits with explanation of their relevance. Plate tectonics, volcanoes and earthquakes. Formation and characteristics of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Intrepretation of simple geological maps, producing accurate cross-sections for inclined and faulted strata, includingg unconformities, and sketch cross-sections for folded strata. To be able to appreciate the topography from the geology in common situations. Processes of weathering, erosion and transportation. The formation of sediments in different environments and key characteristics. Intrepretation of simple geological maps, producing accurate cross-sections for inclined and faulted strata, includingg unconformities, and sketch cross-sections for folded strata. To be able to appreciate the topography from the geology in common situations. The Hydrological cycle and occurrence of ground water.

ARCH0034: Geotechnical engineering
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX60 CW40
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give an understanding of the behaviour of piled foundations, and of the principles, theory and methods used in their design and analysis.
Content:
Earth Retaining Structures Soil as fill. Reinforced soil. Piling : construction and design of single piles and pile groups. Types of pile and appropriate analytical methods, related to site investigation methods. Calculation of working loads and settlements.

ARCH0035: History & theory 1.2
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The aim of this unit is to introduce students of architecture to architectural literature, and to enable them to read this literature effectively, and to use it when developing work in the studio. The learning objectives are to provide students with key texts that have influenced the course of architectural history, and to assess their ability to identify the relationship between architectural ideas and form.
Content:
Following the structured reading that will have taken place in the first semester, students will be invited to implement what they have learned through special projects within the design studio.

ARCH0036: History & theory 2
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The aim of this course is to enable students to use their basic knowledge of achitectural history and theory to develop their own opinions, and to understand the theoretical issues that confront us today. The course's title is 'Architecture after Modernism'.
Content:
Each week students will examine a text selected from an established writer, starting chronologically with Robert Venturi. The range of texts will provide students with a thorough working knowledge of contemporary issues. Following presentation of the selected texts by the students themselves, there will be a structured discussion in which all students will be encouraged to participate. Assessment will be through the presentation of a script of each student's presentation. Typical subjects areas covered will be: Venturi; Urban Theorists; PostModerns in Britain; Urban Reconstruction; Privatisation

ARCH0038: History & theory 4
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES75 CW25
Requisites: Pre ARCH0036
Aims & learning objectives:
Designed to complement the project work set in the studio, this unit aims to introduce a range of analytical theories and formal research techniques associated with the proportional design of buildings. Students are assessed on their knowledge of the application of proportional systems to buildings through history, in relation to a design project in the studio.
Content:
Lectures providing a thorough grounding in the history of the use of proportion in architectural design based on recent texts on proportional history and theory. The course is assessed in two modes: by an essay to be completed at the end of the semester; and by a studio project in which students use principles of proportion in their design work.

ARCH0039: History & theory 5
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
An introductory course examining the effect of theoretical positions on design activity and the kind of explanation which can be put forward for architectural solutions.
Content:
The area and nature of theories; boundary between history and theory and between practice and theory. Building types as equivalent of biological species; 18th and 19th century French history. Activity and space links in primative functionalism; the importance of the brief. Space and activity as unrelated phenomena; flexibility as a determinant; the architecture of Mies van der Rohe. Categories of space as in served and servant spaces; the architecture of Louis Kahn. Defined criteria and solutions for aspects of the environment; Christopher Alexander's 'Pattern Language'. Popper's hypothetico - deductive theory and its implications; model selection and model shifts. The library as a building type; development of the library plan. The museum as a building type; analysis of characteristics. Case studies of Louis Kahn and Carlo Scarpa.

ARCH0040: History and Theory 1.1
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The unit aims to provide a summary of key architectural movements from classical to modern times, alongside an overview of the historical development of civil engineering. The learning objectives are to provide students with good examples of constructions that have influenced the course of building history, and to assess their ability to identify the factors that determine the quality and contribution of such buildings to society.
Content:
Different lecturers from within the Department will provide a series of discrete lectures in which the period, movement or area of activity is examined through key buildings and structures.

ARCH0041: History/ Case studies civil and structural engineering
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: To strengthen the basic understanding of structures given to the students in Structures 1 by relating it to the history of civil and structural engineering, and to the design of specific structures through case studies. Objectives: The student should axquire a knowledge of the history of civil and structural engineering. The student should acquire an understanding of the way in which that history, together with an understanding of statics, informs the design of structures.
Content:
A range of lecturers from within and outside the School will give a series of discrete lectures examining a period of historical development or the design of a specific structure.

ARCH0042: Industrial placement 1
Semester 2
Credits: 18
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To gain experience and knowledge of civil engineering in practice, and to report on an area of interest.
Content:
Practical experience and first hand observation of civil engineering and construction, preferably on a construction site as an employee of a contractor, but possibly as an employee of a consultant with visits to sites. The student is supported in finding an employer, but the School cannot guarantee that every student will be employed. All students will be given an academic supervisor for the duration of the unit. Students who obtain employment in the UK will normally be visited at their place of work; otherwise, communication will be maintained by other means. Should a student fail to find a job, they would be expected to carry out a relevent study in the area in which they live; their supervisor will discuss this study with them, and give guidance where required. Students will be assessed for the award of the credits on the basis of a report on one aspect of the work they have done.

ARCH0043: Industrial placement 2
Semester 2
Credits: 18
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To gain experience and knowledge of civil engineering design in practice, and to report on an area of interest.
Content:
Practical experience and first hand observation of civil engineering desgn, preferably in a consulting practice. The student is supported in finding an employer, but the School cannot guarantee that every student will be employed. All students will be given an academic supervisor for the duration of the unit. Students who obtain employment in the UK will normally be visited at their place of work; otherwise, communication will be maintained by other means. Should a student fail to find a job, they would be expected to carry out a relevant study in the area in which they live; their supervisor will discuss this study with them, and give guidance where required. Students will be assessed for the award of the credits on the basis of a report on one aspect of the work they have done.

ARCH0044: Industrial placement M2
Semester 1
Credits: 24
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To gain experience and knowledge of civil engineering design in practice, and to report on an area of interest.
Content:
Practical experience and first hand observation of civil engineering desgn, preferably in a consulting practice. The student is supported in finding an employer, but the School cannot guarantee that every student will be employed. All students will be given an academic supervisor for the duration of the unit. Students who obtain employment in the UK will normally be visited at their place of work; otherwise, communication will be maintained by other means. Should a student fail to find a job, they would be expected to carry out a relevant study in the area in which they live; their supervisor will discuss this study with them, and give guidance where required. Students will be assessed for the award of the credits on the basis of a report on one aspect of the work they have done.

ARCH0045: Industrial project IP1
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: RT100 or CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give experience in solving a real industrial problem under both industrial and academic supervision.
Content:
Structural or Environmental Engineering Design carried out in industry with academic links, following or during the second industrial placement M2. For students who are unable to gain an industrial placement the project IP1 will be undertaken as a sponsored project on behalf of one of the companies who would normally employ students. In this case the project will be undertaken wholly at the University (in labs or CAD labs) during the first part of term 2 and before commencement of Semester 2.

ARCH0046: Industrial project IP2
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give further experience in solving a real industrial problem under both industrial and academic supervision.
Content:
Structural or Environmental Engineering Design linked with industry sponsorship, following on from Industrial Project IP1, but for all students based in the University under closer academic supervision.

ARCH0047: Laboratory 1
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To consolidate material covered in lecture-based units and demonstrations, and to introduce good civil and environmental engineering laboratory and practical techniques. To develop skills in the writing up and analysis of practical work.
Content:
Laboratory experiments and exercises in geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, fluid mechanics, acoustics and lighting

ARCH0048: Laboratory 2
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce more sophisticated laboratory techniques including electronic instrumentation and data logging, and to give experience of some of the methods and apparatus referred to in lecture modules.
Content:
Laboratory experiments and exercises in geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, fluid mechanics, acoustics and lighting

ARCH0049: Landscape
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To raise awareness of the physical environment around buildings and its modification, through passive and active technical means.
Content:
Understanding the Site: An introduction to the principles of landscape assessment and the basic methods of recording and analysing site specific landscape and ecology information so that it can be used effectively in the design process. Landscape Design theory: Including an outline understanding of landscape design history from prehistory to today and an introduction to contemporary landscape planning and design. Ecology: Introduction to the basic principles of ecology with an emphasis on the planning and design of ecological landscapes. Landscape and Buildings: Providing a basic outline of how landscapes influence the design of buildings including consideration of energy conservation, setting, daylighting, access, external spaces, choice of materials and colours, construction methods, orientation, views and long term management. Technical details: An introduction to the basic principles of landscape detailing to include consideration of paving, planting, boundaries and edges, changes in level and water features.

ARCH0050: Lighting
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: Lighting for civil engineering projects and overall building form. Objectives: Introduction to external lighting which may be experienced by practicing civil engineers. The calculation of sky factors to enable rapid estimation of sky components in order to assess the adequacy of window design.
Content:
Applications: Streetlighting, Floodlighting,Tunnel lighting, Sports lighting, Light sources: Discharge light sources, luminaires. Theory: Adaption time, apparent brightness, unit hemisphere, vector summation method.

ARCH0051: Lightweight structures
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop an understanding of the theory and practical design of lightweight wide-span structures, particularly tensile membranes, cable networks, grid shells, air-supported and pneumatic structures.
Content:
Characteristics, behaviour and analytical methods for funicular cable structures subject to uniform and non-uniform loadings. Effects of elastic extensino, temperature effects, support settlements and cable slip. Matrix methods for geometric and material non-linear cable and membrane structures. Incremental, Newton-Raphson and modified N-R methods. Zero stiffness controls in the iteration process. Implicit and explicit integration vector methods. Dynamic Relaxation applied to shell, space and tension structures. Form-finding controls. Kinetic and viscous damping. Behaviour and modelling of prestressed fabric membranes. Crimp interchange and on-off non-linear material properties modelling. Computer Aided Design packages for form-finding and analysis of membrane, cable network, grid shell and pneumatic structures. Wind load response and numerical and physical modelling. Practical design aspects for steelwork, membrane and foundation design, steelwork detailing and steelwork and membrane fabrication patterning. Assembly and on-site construction procedures. The course will entail design project studies embracing conceptual and structural engineering dsign and detailing using both CAD and physical modelling methods.

ARCH0052: Management 1
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
An introductory course concerning the management of the construction industry and the roles and responsibilities of the professions.
Content:
Procurement of construction work tendering, design and build, project management. Contractors and sub-contractors. Organisation of construction sites - the roles of architect, engineer, contractor, project manager. The importance of construction sequence, time, critical paths. The course is designed to develop the individual's concept of employment, professional duties and the 'business of business' by: 1. Ensuring an understanding of the various ways in which the design team may be structured. 2. Demonstrating the role and differing levels of the professional's responsibility within each structure. 3. Generating an understanding of sole trader, partnership and corporate entities. 4. Examining the laws governing employment. 5. Discussing personal promotion in terms of the use of technology, e.g. the use of computer technology for the presentation of c.v.'s and the like.

ARCH0053: Management 2
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0052
Aims & learning objectives:
These courses are designed to ensure an understanding of the Architect's authority under the terms of the standard forms of contract and the effect that the exercising of that authority may have on the client in terms of time and money.
Content:
The course will further examine the Architect's responsibility and liability, in law, for the adverse effects of decisions and actions that may ultimately be proven to have been made wrongfully. This course will further generate an appreciation of due legal process.

ARCH0054: Management 2C
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give a general knowledge of legal and contract obligations in the construction industry.
Content:
Law and contract - Introduction to English law and legal system - Law of contract - Law of torts - Construction contracts

ARCH0055: Management 3C
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students a knowledge of the economics of the construction industry.
Content:
Project economics and finance circular flow of income, multiplier, accelerator, construction in the economy construction as an investment, investment appraisal construction work allocation, tendering introduction to economics of building, productivity, buildability valuing construction work, forecasting, cash flows demand for construction, financial institutions, etc new building, refurbishment, urban regeneration, etc

ARCH0056: Management 4C
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students a working knowledge of project and business management in the construction industry.
Content:
Project Management anatomy of a project project boundaries multi-project planning- managing the project team managing the project tools Business management in construction corporate policy, objectives, strate-gies, tactics, communications human factors; networks, leadership, group theory, power and influence

ARCH0059: Mathematics 1
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide a general mathematical basis for the development of engineering subjects at first year level of the civil engineering courses.
Content:
Elementary functions Exponential and logarthmic functions, hyperbolic functions and inverses in logarithmic form, inverse circular functions. Differentiation and its applications Maximum and minimum values, inflection points, tangents, normals, curvature, solution of non-linear equations using Newton's method, limits. Integration and its applications General revision of techniques, by parts, use of partial fractions, substitution, length of curves, areas and volumes, first and second moments, centre of gravity, parallel and perpendicular axes theorem.

ARCH0060: Mathematics 2
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide a general mathematical basis for the development of engineering subjects at first year level of the civil engineering courses.
Content:
Infinite series Maclaurin and Taylor's series, binomial expansion, ideas of convergence, geometrical series, comparison, ratio and integral tests, l' Hôpital's rule. Complex numbers Complex plane, Cartesian, polar and exponential forms, algebra of complex numbers, de Moivre's theorem multiple roots, complex logarithm. Statistics Basic descriptive statistics, his-tograms, stem-and-leaf plots, cumulative frequency, measure of location and dispersion, mean, mode and median, upper and lower quartiles, variance and standard deviation. Concept of probability, exclusivity, dependence and independence of events, conditional probability. Binomial and Poisson distributions.

ARCH0061: Mathematics 3 & computing
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide a general mathematical basis for the development of engineering subjects at second year level of the civil engineering courses.
Content:
Differential equations Simple first order using separation of variables and integrating factor. Linear equations with constant coefficients using trial method for particular integral. Simultaneous equations. Application of differential equations to mechanical systems and structural problems. Numerical solution of first order equations. Functions of several variables Partial differentiation. Small errors. Taylor's theorem. Maxima and minima. Method of least squares. Regression. Determinants and matrices Properties of determinants. Matrix algebra. Solution of simultaneous equations using the matrix inverse. Cramer's rule and Gauss elimination. Consistency. An introduction to the principles and techniques of computer programming using C++.

ARCH0062: Mathematics 4
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide a general mathematical basis for the development of engineering subjects at third year level of the civil engineering courses.
Content:
Fourier series Full and half-range series. Odd and even functions, odd harmonics. Laplace Transforms Basic theory for simple functions, derivatives and integrals, step and impulse functions. Solution of differential equations. Periodic functions. Convolution integral. Elementary vector analysis Basic definitions and algebra. Scalar and vector products. Equations of lines and planes. Geometrical interpretations, orientation of planes, volumes of solids. Partial Differential Equations Separation of variables, Laplace's equation, diffusion and wave equations. Numerical analysis Solution of non-linear equations, zeros of polynomials, both real and com-plex. Finite differences, interpolation using Lagrange and Newton difference formulae. Error estimation, splines, Chebychev polynomials. Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations. Euler, improved Euler, Runge-Kutta methods. Accuracy and stability. Initial and boundary value problems.

ARCH0063: Numerical modelling
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide practice in the computational formulation and solution of engineering problems; principally related to structures but including field problems such as seepage and fluid flow.
Content:
The theoretical basis for computer packages used or demonstrated will be studied and students will develop their own (simplified) computer programs or routines for the numerical methods employed. These will cover step-by-step integration methods for the modelling of structural dynamics, heat transfer and potential flow problems. Individual projects will be undertaken to cover one of these areas and will be presented in seminar groups covering all aspects.

ARCH0064: Professional placement 1
Semester 2
Credits: 12
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims and objectives are stipulated as part of an RIBA Practice Logbook to be completed by the student and his/her employer.
Content:
The thin sandwich system at Bath offers students of architecture the opportunity to experience a range of employment in architectural practices, or on other activities that are related to the academic and professional nature of the course.The Department will support all students in their search for placements, and will in particular offer guidance in the preparation of applications. However, employment is not guaranteed, and students who are not successful will be encouraged to pursue activities that will form a useful contribution to their development. Students will be assessed for the award of the cedits attached to this unit on the basis of a written report on the work they have done.

ARCH0065: Professional placement 2 (Bath)
Semester 2
Credits: 12
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims and objectives are stipulated as part of an RIBA Practice Logbook to be completed by the student and his/her employer.
Content:
The thin sandwich system at Bath offers students of architecture the opportunity to experience a range of employment in architectural practices, or on other activities that are related to the academic and professional nature of the course.The Department will support all students in their search for placements, and will in particular offer guidance in the preparation of applications. However, employment is not guaranteed, and students who are not successful will be encouraged to pursue activities that will form a useful contribution to their development. Students will be assessed for the award of the cedits attached to this unit on the basis of a written report on the work they have done.

ARCH0067: Project C2/SE2
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the art of resolving apparently conflicting architectural and engineering requirements in the context of a simple building.
Content:
Structural and Environmental Engineering Design linked with architecture and engineering studio Precedent lectures are used to discuss relevent examples. Suitable buildings might include a woodworking shop used for training, a small exhibition space, or a visitor centre with spans typically up to 10m. Structural issues should cover the overall conceptual design, choice of apprpriate materials, sizing of members and connection details, and simple foundation design. Environmental issues should concentrate on light, sound and energy control. The proportion of time spent on common group working with the architectural students is about 25% (at the early stages of the project).

ARCH0068: Project C3/SE3
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop skills in integration of engineering and architectural objectives to produce creative and competent designs.
Content:
Structural and Environmental Engineering Design linked with architectures studio. Precedent lectures are used to discuss relevent examples. Suitable buildings might include a community centre, an electronics factory with spans typically up 15m. Structural issues should include the integration of architectural and environmental aspects in the complete conceptual design, the design to codes of practice of all principal members, connection details and construction aspects, and the design of foundations. Environmental issues should include optimal use of daylight, solar heating, natural ventilation, noise from surroundings. The proportion of time spent on group working with the architectural students is up to 50% (in the first half of the project development).

ARCH0069: Project C4
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students experience in developing a complex scheme working in teams with architecture students.
Content:
Precedent lectures are used to discuss relevent examples. The building type will have more complex planning problems and potential for elegance to suit the needs of the architects. There should be environmental conditions to consider, ie air conditioning/ natural ventilation to compare, and lighting and acoustic problems. Types of building which are suitable include autitoria based (theatre, opera house, concert hall - all have potential for interesting structures, eg cable, domes, frameworks etc), museum (differing types from art galleries to 'Exploratory' type, and libraries, requiring exclusion of noise and good lighting ), industrial (eg brewery, with the process providing a problem), or sports complex. All have air conditioning / natural ventilation, potential for interest visually as well as in services and structure, and heavy foundation loads. The project will be tutored both by academic staff and industrial visiting tutors.

ARCH0070: Project C5/M5
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the wider urban issues and how they affect structural, environmental and architectural design, and give them some experience of resolving those issues.
Content:
Joint design work with BArch students involving consideration of civil, structural and environmental engineering design issues in a broad urban context. Normally a real current development project will be used for this brief, and the project will involve the full structural, geotechnical and environmental design for a particular building or small complex of buildings within the development. Precedent lectures are used to discuss relevent examples, and the work is tutored by visiting architects and engineers.

ARCH0071: Project CS4
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop further the project designed in Project C4
Content:
The development and structural engineering design of particular aspects of project C4 to professional levels of competence. This more detailed design development is carried out by students individually and will usually also give rise to a substantial revision of the conceptual design. Alternatively, entirely new aspects are developed; the itention in either case is to assess ingenuity and engineering design competence. Precedent lectures are used to discuss relevent examples. The project is tutored by both academic and industrial visiting tutors.

ARCH0072: Project M1
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give experience in considering both structural and environmental engineering issues in the context of a simple building, with particular emphasis on those areas covered in the co-requisite units.
Content:
Application of structural and environmental engineering design in a simple building

ARCH0073: Project M2
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Integrated design of a building which can be handled in a simple way architecturally but which gives rise to realistic problems of integration of structure, environmental and services requirements.
Content:
Structural and Environmental Engineering Design, with particular emphasis on problems of integration.

ARCH0075: Socrates Exchange & Placement (BSc)
Academic Year
Credits: 60
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0018
Aims & learning objectives:
This exchange programme with 12 other European Schools of Architecture provides students with an opportunities to study abroad. Students on this unit learn directly about the architectural values of the institution being visited through design project work and lectures, as well as from travel within the country. The Placement allows them to then extend these experiences into the work-place. They also have an opportunity to perfect their language skills - particularly the technical language relating to design and practice.
Content:
This is tailored to the requirements of the individual student, partly by the Socrates co-ordinators (here and at the host university), and according to the units being offered by the host institutions. Exchange students complete design projects which is first assessed by the host institution, and marks and a report on each student are sent to Bath. On returning to Bath each student is required to submit their portfolio of designs and Placement logbook to the Socrates co-ordinator for inspection and assessment.

ARCH0076: Soil mechanics 1
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop an understanding of the behaviour of soil, and the factors that influence that behaviour.
Content:
Seepage, Darcy's law of permeability, definitions of effective stresses and pore water pressure. Introductory flow net, principles. Non-linear stress-strain character of soils, consolidation of natural deposits, normally consolidated and over-consolidated materials. The critical state model, isotopic and one-dimensional consolidation, drained and undrained soil behaviour.

ARCH0077: Soil mechanics 2
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX75 CW25
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To gain a knowledge of the way in which the understanding developed in Soil Mechanics 1 can be applied to the design of foundations and soil structures, and how the necessary information is obtained in practice.
Content:
The shear strength of soils and applications to retaining wall design, slope stability. Site investigation and laboratory testing. Slope stability analysis. Foundation design - stress distributions, bearing capacity and settlement calculation, related to site investigation techniques.

ARCH0079: Structures 1
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX60 CW40
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To make students aware of the role played by structure in the design and building process. To introduce the concepts of statics and load carrying mechanisms, sufficient for an elementary appraisal of structures. To familiarise students with different types of structural materials and assemblies.
Content:
Enclosure of space, spatial forms and structures. Functional and environmental loads on structures; real and design loads, and the concepts of structural safety. Stable structures and structural mechanisms. Newton's laws, free body diagrams, triangles of forces and reciprocal figures. Static equilibrium and free body diagrams. The concepts of forces and moments in structural members. Equilibrium of loads, forces and moments in simple structures; external and internal constraints. Traditional building materials, their characteristics, and concepts of structural connections. Reinforced Concrete, masonry, timber and steel. Introduction to load carrying action of trusses, beams, arches, cables and columns. The concepts of stress, section sizes and shapes. Pin-jointed trusses: resolving at joints and method of sections; physical behaviour and structural form and efficiency. Direct stresses and strains; Young's Modulus. Direct determination of deflections in simple trusses. Beams and free body diagrams, bending moments and shear forces. Bending stresses in beams, section shape and structural efficiency; web action and the concept of shear stresses. Overall efficiency of beams and simple bridges. Combined bending and axial loading in short columns; the middle third; wall construction; slender columns and stability concepts. Hanging chains and funicular shapes; simple suspension systems. Voussoir arches and masonry domes. Three pin arches and portal frames. The above topics concentrate on a broad overview of structural concepts and will be supported by laboratory demonstrations, tutorial classes and case studies emphasising the relation between structural and architectural concepts, structural safety and examples of structural failures.

ARCH0080: Structures 2
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX70 CW30
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop an analytical understanding of the statics and mechanics of statically determinate structures and structural mechanisms. To introduce students to the internal action of structures, stresses and strains, and the comparative action of statically determinate and indeterminate structures. To consider in greater detail the range of structures examined conceptually in Structures 1. To develop a physical and analytical understanding of stresses and strains in two (and three) dimensions, and of the three-dimensional action of structures and components.
Content:
The action of statically determinate and indeterminate structures; concepts of redundancy and redistribution of forces; construction tolerances, temperature effects and settlements. Bending moment and shear force diagrams for beams; comparison of statically determinate and continuous beams. Bending and shearing stresses in beams; concept of principal stresses, stress trajectories and analolgies with truss action; structural form efficiency. Centroid, neutral axis, section modulus and beam sectional shape efficiency. Analysis of suspension systems subject to uniform and non-uniform loading; funicular polygons. Analysis of three-pin arches and portals; consideration of thrust lines; comparison with two-pin and fixed systems. Voussoir arches, thrust lines, and their mechanism of collapse. Deflected forms and bending moments in portal and framed structures; weak beam/ strong column and strong beam solutions (physical action and approximate analysis). Young''s modulus and Poisson''s ratio; shear modulus; elastic and plastic behaviour; brittle failure and fatigue. Internal stress equilibrium; Mohr''s circle for stresses and strains; principal stresses and strains. Failure and safety criteria for common structural materials. Theory of bending of beams; moment/curvature relations and analysis of deflections. Shear stresses and shear flow in beams; fabricated and composite beams; welds and shear connectors. Bending of asymmetric sections. Torsion of thin-walled closed sections. Shear centre; torsion of thin-walled open sections; warping constraints in torsion. Stresses due to combined bi-axial bending, torsion and axial loading in structural members. Euler buckling load for columns; differing end constraints; imperfections, eccentric loading and initial curvatures. Plastic moment and reduced plastic moment; concepts of plastic failure mechanisms. Plastic analysis of continuous beams, portals and pitched portal frames; failure mechanisms and instantaneous centres. Approximate elastic analysis and plastic analysis of vierendeel girders and multi-storey frames.

ARCH0081: Structures 2A
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0079
Aims & learning objectives:
To consider the historical development of various classes of structures and their form efficiency. To consider in more detail bridging and vaulting systems through the examination of works by acclaimed engineers.
Content:
The historical development and action of various classes of structural forms: suspension chains, cable structures and prestressed mechanisms; funicular vaults, gothic cathedrals and flying buttresses; beams, arches and shells; trusses, girders and space frames; the historical development of high-rise buildings. The bridges of Telford, Brunel, Eiffel, Maillert, Leonhardt and Calatrava. The Forth Bridge, Saltash Bridge and Brooklyn Bridge Conceptual thinking in two and three dimensions. Gothic cathedrals, fan vaulting and modelling. The structures of Nervi, Candella and Torroja. Structure in nature. Funicular forms, Frei Otto and Antonio Gaudi. The concept of ideal structural form, Maxwell and Mitchell. The constraints of real construction.

ARCH0082: Structures 3
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop analytical and conceptual understanding of structural action through the use of compatability methods (virtual work and flexibility analysis). To develop an appreciation of the importance of construction tolerances and foundation settlements. To develop understanding of structural analysis using equilibrium methods.
Content:
Virtual work and the Unit Load method for calculating deflections. Maxwell's reciprocal theorem and influence lines. Flexibility Analysis of statically indeterminate truss and frame structures. Lack of fit, support settlements and temperature effects. Virtual work extended to beams subject to bending, shear and torsion. Torsional and shear deflection of beams. Derivation of slope deflection relations. Application of the slope/deflection method to continuous beams, pitched portals and sway frames.

ARCH0083: Structures 4
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Development of matrix methods of analysis and computer techniques for structural analysis. To advance the student's knowledge and ability in the plastic analysis of structures, including multibay frames and the yield line analysis of slabs.
Content:
Derivation of moment distribution / relaxation concepts. Application of the moment distribution method to frame structures. Matrix Methods: stiffness analysis of pin-jointed space trusses and rigidly jointed frames. Organisation of stiffness method for computation. Introduction to finite element method. Finite element method: Shape functions. Application of virtual work and the Rayleigh-Ritz method to the derivation of stiffness and load matrices. Compatibility requirements between elements. Plane stress, plane strain and three dimensional elements. Simple plate bending elements. Finite element analysis of complete structures; compatibility of in-plane and bending displacements. Application of Finite Element Computer Package to analysis of frame and slab structures. Plastic analysis of frames: Upper and lower bound solutions. Instantaneous centres, combined mechanisms for multibay and multistorey frames. Plastic analysis of slabs and yield line theory: equilibrium and energy methods, isotropic and orthotropic slabs, skew reinforcement. Iterative methods, "Affine" methods.

ARCH0084: Structures 5
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop the understanding and application of design procedures for various materials (particularly steel and concrete) related to professional codes of practice. To cover the effects of vibrations and issues affecting the stability of structures.
Content:
Reinforced concrete: beams - T & L beams, doubly reinforced beams, crack widths. Slabs - two way span slabs, flat slabs, strip theory. Columns - combined compression and bending, compression and tension control, derivation of design graphs, moment increase due to slenderness. Prestressed concrete: derivation of losses, elastic and ultimate analysis. Introduction to shear and end blocks. Structural steel: lateral torsional buckling. Local buckling of webs, web stiffeners. Combined shear and bending. Column design. Plastic sizing of elements. Structural timber: properties of timber, strength of joints, slenderness, notching, combined stresses, glued laminated members. Masonry: strengths and partial safety factors, stress block, slenderness, arching. Wind loading, tensile stresses, precompression. Tables of panel moments. Composites. Vibrations Single degree of freedom systems: free vibrations, response to step load, sinusoidal load and seismic and inertial excitation. Dynamic loads: random loads. Earthquakes, rigid model and aeroelastic model wind tunnel tests. Natural frequencies and mode shapes or buckling loads and mode shapes with a variety of end conditions. Orthogonality conditions. Damping and response to loads including moving loads. Multi degree of freedom systems: lateral vibrations of beams under constant axial load. Discussion of post buckled stability via single degree of freedom models. Interaction of buckling and plasticity; lateral torsional buckling of beams. Modal analysis for vibrations and buckling of structures; eigenvalues, eigenvectors and othogonality conditions. Damping and geometric stiffness.

ARCH0085: Structures 6
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To extend previously introduced structural theory and analysis to an appropriate level for a broad coverage of finite element methods. To develop the understanding and application of finite element methods to a range of structural systems. To extend understanding of, and the ability to design, prestressed concrete structures.
Content:
Numerical methods: revision of matrix methods of analysis as applied to pin jointed trusses, rigidly jointed frames, and finite element modelling of continuum structures. Isoparametric elements, plate and shell elements. Classical plate theory. Plate buckling and buckling of thin-walled box-beams. Non-linear behaviour of structures, geometric and material non-linearity; Newton-Raphson and incremental solution methods. Computer finite element modelling of non-linear problems. Prestressed concrete: slip losses in prestressed tendons; ultimate conditions in prestressed beams; principal stresses in prestressed beams; composite anchorage, bursting effects. Continuous prestressed concrete members, cable effects, concordant cable line, transformed cable line, effects on support reactions.

ARCH0086: Thermodynamics 2
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Introduction to thermal processes.
Content:
Psychrometrics: analysis of air conditioning processes. Vapour power cycles: steam turbine cycles , power cycles and CHP. Refrigeration and heat pump systems; multistage vapour compression cycles, refrigerant properties. Absorption refrigeration: analysis of LiBr systems; comparison with NH3 systems. Compressors: compressor types and applications, analysis and characteristics of compressors, compressors for air conditioning. Fuels and combustion: introduction to fuel types, classification and properties; combustion processes, combustion equations, stoichiometric analysis, combustion efficiency.

ARCH0087: Surveying 1
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ARCH0212
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students the knowledge and skills required to carry out an engineering survey of a small site.
Content:
Object and application of surveys - basic functions of survey instruments - survey planning - assessment of accuracy. Measurements of distance - direct tape measurements - cumulative errors in chainage measurements and corrections applied. Principles of electronic methods of distance measurement. Measurement of level - types of levels - levelling procedures and methods of booking - errors - reciprocal levelling - recording and plotting levels. Measurement of angles - principles and operations of the theodolite - scope of use - instrument errors and adjustments. Usage of theodolite and computation for tacheometry, traverse surveys, triangulation. After a series of initial practice periods with survey instruments the course concludes with a survey project consisting of the measurment of a closed traverse around a land plot and its detailed mapping.

ARCH0088: Surveying 2
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: PR60 CW40
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To extend the student's knowledge of surveying by giving them an understanding of how terrerial and aerial photogrammetry can be used in support of engineering projects.
Content:
Photogrammetry Definition, history, uses and application of photogrammetry. Photographic measurements, coordinate systems, scale and relief displacement. Stereoscopic viewing, depth perception, the human eye, principle of parallax. Terrestrial photogrammetry. Geometry of photo pairs, intersection procedures for computation of coordinates for parallel and angled camera sights. Planning air photography, flight map, required photo scale, end and side flap. Surveying accuracy / errors Differences between random and systematic errors, observations not equally precise, assessment of accu-racy. Sources of Errors in photogrammetry and plain survey work. Assessment of acceptable tolerances in construction and building. Laboratory / practical work Measurement of point coordinates on Terrestrial photographs. Practical Terrestrial camera exercise for comparative appraisal of method's accuracy. Air photo studies, stereoscopic methods of parallax measurement, elevations by parallax differences. Review of photogrammetric equipment, camera requirements, comparators.

ARCH0089: Thermofluids
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The movement of energy and fluids in buildings.
Content:
Dimensionless analysis and similarity : Introduction to the principles of dimensionless analysis; determination of dimensionless groups; use of dimensionless groups in experimental investigation. Turbo-machinery Performance characteristics of rotodynamic machines; centrifugal, axial and mixed flow pumps and fans; use of specific speed for pump selection; simple applications of network machine systems. Euler one dimensional theory for axial and centrifugal turbomachines. Introduction to heat transfer :General conduction equation, 2-D steady state solutions; 1-D unsteady state, lumped parameter approach, Biot and Fourier numbers. Convection : Velocity and temperature boundary layers, calculation of convection coefficients, use of dimensionless parameters in heat transfer, analogies between momentum and heat transfer; dimensionless correlations in forced and natural convection. Radiation : Laws of radiant heat transfer, radiation properties of real materials, geometric factors. Radiation networks in buildings. Extended surfaces : Analysis of heat transfer from fins, overall U-value for extended surfaces. Heat exchangers : Analysis of parallel and counterflow exchangers, log mean temperature difference and Transfer Unit approaches, fouling factors. Heat recovery devices used in buildings

ARCH0093: Urban studies report
Semester 1
Credits: 9
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES100
Requisites: Co ARCH0019
Aims & learning objectives:
The aims of this course are twofold: firstly, to introduce students to issues of urban design, to the ideas and ideals which have shaped cities in Europe and America. Secondly, to introduce students to the methodology of academic writing.
Content:
The course will be taught through one introductory lecture covering the 20th century literature on city development, and through subsequent supervisions agreed between the students and their tutors. The students will be required to select a region or 'neighbourhood' of a city in Europe or America and to discuss the changes to the structure of that city region over the last 50 years (ie post war), emphasising the shifting relationship between monuments and fabric, between nature and built form, emphasising wherever possible the competing 'visions' of the city which have shaped the chosen area in the second half of the 20th century.

ARCH0095: Wind & earthquake engineering
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To enable understanding of the use of power spectra analysis in the design of structures (e.g., how do you plan wind tunnel tests to give the information necessary to predict the rms acceleration of a building caused by the peak ten minutes of a storm with a return period of five yers?).
Content:
The nature of wind, flow around angular, curved and streamlined bodies. Vorticity and turbulence. The effect of terrain. Introduction to the statistics of extremes, return periods, gusts, etc.. Introduction to codes and standards. Wind tunnel testing. Comfort criteria limiting sway of tall buildings. Introduction to aero-elasticity, flutter, galloping and divergence. Aero elastic wind tunnel tests. The causes of eartquakes, prediction of ground movements. Effects of earthquakes on buildings and other structures. Introduction to codes and standards. Rules for the design of earthquake resistant buildings and structures. Description of wind and earthquake loads using power spectra. 'Reconstitution' of load from power spectrum. Fourier tansform, auto-correlation and cross-correlation. Use of modal analysis to predict the root mean square building acceleration from power spectrum of load. The use of tuned mass dampers to reduce the motion of tall buildings.

ARCH0096: Socrates exchange (MArch)
Semester 1
Credits: 24
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
SOCRATES Exchange This exhange programme with 12 other European Schools of Architecture provides students with an opportunity to study abroad from October to December. As the usual exchange period for Bath students occurs in year 3 of the BSc in General Architectural Studies, it is usual for incoming students to the BArch course from other UK institutions to take advantage of SOCRATES at this time. Students on the programme learn from first-hand experience about the architectural values of another European country, by travelling within the country, and perfecting their knowledge of its language. The unit is undertaken prior to commencement of units based at the University.
Content:
The content of the SOCRATES Exchange is tailored to the requirements of the individual student in collaboration of the host institution in which the student is placed. SOCRATES Exchange students complete project work which is assessed by the host institution and marks and a report are sent to Bath. On returning to Bath each student is to submit their Socrates portfolio for inspection by the Director of Studies of the MArch programme.

ARCH0097: Placement MArch
Semester 1
Credits: 24
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Graduation in the BSc in General Architectural Studies takes place in March of the year preceding the commencement of the BArch course. The RIBA require architecture students to work in an architectural practice for a minimum of 5 months on completing a first degree in architecture and before commencing the BArch course (or its equivalent leading to Part 2 exemption of the RIBA examinations), though a period of 10 months is the normal period worked by most graduates at this level. Aims and objectives are stipulated as part of an RIBA Practice Logbook to be completed by the student and his/her employer. The unit is undertaken prior to commencement of units based at the University.
Content:
The content of the Placement is tailored to the requirements of the individual student in collaboration of the host office in which the student is placed, and in line with the check-list of activities compiled by the RIBA. Placement students are visited in their work-place by the RIBA Professional Practice Officer at Bath, who also scrutinises and counter-signs the RIBA Practice Logbook completed by the student.

ARCH0098: Design studio 5.1
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The exploration of architecture within an a UK urban context explored through Architectural Design. The course builds on knowledge acquired during the first degree in architecture, with an emphasis on architectural design and planning in an urban context. It involves the exploration of architecture within a UK urban context explored through Architectural Design in the Studio. Students should demonstrate an understanding of the historical and cultural evolution of the city being studied and provide an overview - through text and drawings - of its present condition.
Content:
Field trip lasting not less than three days to study a UK town or city. Collection in groups of visual, historical, social and cultural information relating to its urban development. Presentation in groups through drawings, photographs and models of the past and present character and future potential of the area. Written documentation as necessary supportive of visual and verbal presentations. Specialist expertise will be provided by visiting Architectural, Landscape, Environmental and Structural Engineering consultants, and visiting design critics will be invited at appropriate times during the project.

ARCH0099: Design studio 5.2
Semester 2
Credits: 12
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The exploration of architecture within an a UK urban context explored through Architectural Design. The course builds on knowledge acquired during the first degree in architecture, with an emphasis on architectural design and planning in an urban context presented in unit Design Studio 5.1 (ARCH0098). Students are to demonstrate a competence in the integrated design of a range of building types while producing architecturally elegant designs.
Content:
The formulation of group and/or individual design briefs using material accumulated in Design Studio 5.1 (ARCH0098) for different building types (public and residential) in different locations within the established urban context. The design to be presented at a drawing scale not less than 1:100 through plans and sections of key examples of these types, and supplemented by models (physical and/or computer models). Designs will be developed with due regard to aesthetic and technical requirements pervailing nationally and especially within the urban context studied; and with due regard to the perceived long-term social and physical needs of the local community. Specialist expertise will be provided by visiting Architectural, Landscape, Environmental and Structural Engineering consultants.

ARCH0100: Construction studies
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To extend awareness of high quality building construction through individual case studies of buildings selected by the co-ordinator and researched by individual students and presented for discussion in the form of an illustrated report and a physical or computer generated model.
Content:
Six lectures on the approaches of architects to six different building types in differing contexts. Individual tutorials to develop the design of building types which constitute Design Studio 5.2., and to understand the specific qualities and characteristics of the particular building to be presented in its cultural context.

ARCH0101: Management 5
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To demonstrate the need for advance planning in the cost of construction works, and for the combined control of expenditure. To develop an understanding of estimating procedures, cost analysses and the impact of design changes upon costs. To provide an advanced knowledge of the practice of architecture, the place of the discipline in the construction industry, and the professional role of the architect.
Content:
To include 6 lectures on Building Cost Control (5A), and 6 lectures on Architectural Practice, Management & Law (5B). Building Cost Control: 1. The nature of cost planning and the preparation and use of viability studies; 2. Estimates of capital construction cost and cost analyses; 3. Sources of cost information; 4. Impact of design on cost and principles of cost control; 5. Cost reporting procedures and preparation of final accounts; 6. Cost benefit analysis, cost-in-use and life cycle costing. Architectural Practice, Management and Law: 1. Looking at sources of work, the appointment process, management and design process; 2. Areas of work for the architect, types of client, marketing, the strategic view of the profession; 3. Contracts of appointment, codes of conduct, fees, consultants, collateral warranties, registration acts; 4. The RIBA Job Book, Planning ahead, pricing the job, tendering procedures for the architect, communication in the office, feedback and development; 5. job getting, confirming the appointment, planning the work, pricing for fees, dealing with warranties and appointing other consultants; 6. Revision and general discussion.

ARCH0102: Urban history & theory
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: OR100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide students with a background to current and historical debates about the city, and also the urban situation being studied in units Design Studio 5.1 and Design Studio 5.2.
Content:
The course commences with 7 lectures on Western Urban Ideals and continues with accounts of major world cities in the context of particular historical periods: 1. The Idea of the Town in antiquity; 2. Italian Renaissance urban planning; 3. Stuart London, Georgian Bath and Edinburgh; 4. East and West Coast USA; 5. Developments in Asia and Australasia; 6. Developments in Continental Europe; 7. London. . A minimum of 8 student led seminars will explore the relationship between urban design theory and practice. The course is examined through illustrated seminar papers presented by students.

ARCH0103: Landscape & ecology
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To raise awareness of the physical environment around buildings and its modification, through passive and active technical means.
Content:
The course will comprise of 3 introductory lectures relating prevalent landscape and ecological attitudes to the context of the urban situation being studied in Design Studio 5.2. Tutorials will develop individual and group responses to such issues by students in the context of design problems which are part of unit Design Studio 5.2.

ARCH0104: Advanced computer imaging
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop Computer Aided Design skills already learnt in the first degree, and in practice, in order to learn new presentation techniques.
Content:
The unit commences with a single lecture demonstrating different software visualisation packages and showing examples of their application. This is followed by 12 hours of workshops over the following week. During this time students are required to explore part of one of the building types which they are designing in Design Studio 5.2, by passing their design into a 3-D visualisation package, selecting key view-points which are then lit and rendered to best explain the design concept and realisation of the building/component of the building design.

ARCH0105: Western philosophers
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: OR100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide a forum for the discussion of cultural, aesthetic and philosophical issues relating to architectural design and society at large.
Content:
It commences with an introductory lecture outlining the scope of the course, and is followed by student led seminars at which seminar papers are submitted for discussion, and which explore the writings of leading philosophers.

ARCH0106: Dissertation (BArch)
Semester 2
Credits: 18
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide an opportunity for students to study an aspect of architecture in depth, and to present this material primarily in written form. The dissertation is to take the form of an academic piece of writing structured with a clear argument which reaches a balanced conclusion. It is intended to demonstrate an individual's use of written English and powers of reasoning and expression.
Content:
The dissertation should be written as a balanced review of archive material, or as a survey of a building and/or associated products. It is to comprise of around 8,000 words on a theme selected by the candidate and agreed to by the dissertation co-ordinators. Emphasis is to be placed on the cultural context of architecture, with particular to respect to the history, theory and urban design of architecture; or, on a technical aspect of architectural design or production. The dissertation is to be written in English and illustrated as necessary. It is to be poperly referenced and provided with a full bibliography. Each student will be appointed a supervisor, and the dissertation assessed by two readers.

ARCH0106: Dissertation
Semester 1
Credits: 15
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide an opportunity for students to study an aspect of architecture in depth, and to present this material primarily in written form. The dissertation is to take the form of an academic piece of writing structured with a clear argument which reaches a balanced conclusion. The dissertation should be written as a balanced review of archive material, or as a survey of a building and/or associated products. It is intended to demonstrate an individual's use of written English and powers of reasoning and expression.
Content:


ARCH0107: Urban design studio 1
Semester 1
Credits: 9
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The exploration of architecture within an a European urban context explored through Architectural Design. The course builds on skills in urban analysis acquired during unit Design Studio 5.1.
Content:
Field trip lasting not less than eight days to study a major European city. Collection in groups of visual, historical, social and cultural information relating to its urban development. Presentation in groups through drawings, photographs and models of the past and present character and future potential of the area. Written documentation as necessary supportive of visual and verbal presentations. Specialist expertise will be provided by visiting Architectural, Landscape, Environmental and Structural Engineering consultants, and visiting design critics will be invited at appropriate times during the project.

ARCH0108: Urban design studio 2
Semester 2
Credits: 21
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Students are to demonstrate a high level of competence in the integrated design of one building type in a major European urban setting, while producing an architecturally elegant design. The course builds on knowledge acquired during unit Design Studio 5.2 (ARCH0098) and Urban design studio 1 (ARCH0107).
Content:
The formulation of group and/or individual design briefs using material accumulated in Urban Design Studio 1 for one building type (public or residential) in one location within the established urban context. The design is to be presented at a drawing scale not less than 1:100 through plans and sections, and supplemented by models (physical and/or computer models). The design will be developed with due regard to the technical requirements pervailing in the UK and aesthetically in accordance with the urban context being studied; and with due regard to the perceived long-term social and physical needs of the local community. Specialist expertise will be provided by visiting Architectural, Landscape, Environmental and Structural Engineering consultants.

ARCH0109: Urban design project reports
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Design Project Reports will be used to explain the urban context of the European city under investigation in Urban design Studio 1 and 2 (ARCH0107 & ARCH0108), and to describe group and individual architectural and urban design responses to it.
Content:
An illustrated A3-sized project report to be produced by a study group/or an individual student describing the cultural and physical context of the city as it was in the past, as it is now, and as it may be developed in the near future. An illustrated A4-sized project report describing the building type designed by each individual student and in its national, regional and local cultural and physical context.

ARCH0110: Management 6
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To determine some of the principles of policy organisation, planning and control that are present in project management in the construction industry. To encourage an understanding of the present strengths and weaknesses of project management, and to appreciate something of the cause and effect in business practice.
Content:
Six lectures on Project Management and Building Cost Control: 1. The business syatem and the market, project and enterprise; 2. The participants in the project; 3. Management control; 4. Control of time, resources and money; 5. Corporate Management; 6. Team building.

ARCH0112: Building services engineering
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites: Co ARCH0073
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: To enable the design of mechanical and electrical services. Objectives: To understand the techniques available to design various air consitioning systems and choice of suitable plant. To provide tools needed design principal electrical service distribution systems. To consider the design of utility systems within buildings.
Content:
Design of heating systems Design of mechanical ventilation systems Design of air conditioning systems Coice of cooling plant and methods of heat rejection, Design of Utility systems, Design of hot and cold water services, Gas distribution Telephones and communiactions Waste systems and management. Design of electrical distribution systems, fault protection, harmonics, interference Emergency power generation Fire and security systems.

ARCH0113: History & theory 1A
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment:
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to a number of key texts dealing with fundamental concepts in architecture: space, proportion, structure, ornament.
Content:
The Unit is an unsupervised reading programme. Students work in four groups, each reading and summarizing texts dealing with one of the four concepts.

ARCH0114: Structures 4A
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0081
Aims & learning objectives:
To reinforce the understanding of architectural students in the role of statics in determining the form efficiency of structural systems.
Content:
A number of architectural projects with significant qualities in their structural engineering and conceptual realisation are examined in the context of their statical actions as a whole and the influence of these actions on the construction detailing.

ARCH0164: Construction 2.1
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0014
Aims & learning objectives:
This unit aims to encourage a better understanding of the connection between building design, the use of materials and the construction and assembly of buildings. The learning objectives are to provide students with good examples of modern constructional practice, and where to find these examples in the library and through other sources.
Content:
A series of 12 lectures, each on an element of building construction illustrated by extracts from construction text books, building trade (product) information, case studies and a range of completed buildings that are an important source in architectural history. Reference notes accompany each lecture providing information on sources used and available in the library.

ARCH0207: Bridge Engineering
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims and Learning Objectives: To develop an awareness and enthusiasm for the design, construction and assessment of various forms of bridge structures. The successful student should be able to demonstrate a knowledge and understanding of the material given in the content.
Content:
The history of bridge engineering, from stone arches and rope-suspension bridges to the wholly plastic Aberfeldy Bridge and the 2km long span Akashi Bridge. Lessons learned from intermittent bridge collapses. Bridge components and their nomenclature. The choice of bridge types and suitablility at specific sites for reasons of constructability, aesthetics, economics, function and available materials. Issues involved in short, medium and long span bridge design. Bridge construction techniques available for various applications, and design of the bridge to allow for easier construction. Design loading on bridges, including dead, superimposed dead, traffic, wind, temperature, earthquake, etc. Elastic and plastic analysis techniques available for the design of various forms of bridge structure. Realistic strength assessment of existing highway bridges, so that needless demolition of adequate bridges may be prevented. Bridges of the future, from short-span to the Messina Crossing.

ARCH0208: Structures design and construction
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX50 CW50
Requisites: Pre ARCH0079
Aims and Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the concepts of limit state design and its practical application to reinforced concrete, steel, timber and masonry structural elements. To further develop analytical and conceptual understanding of structural action through the design of elements and simple structures. To introduce elements of construction technology as applied to reinforced concrete, steel, timber and masonry construction. To introduce principles of prestressed concrete.
Content:
Structral arrangements to resist vertical loading and wind loading. Design philosophies (Geometrical principles; P{ermissible stress; LFRD; Limit state). Codes of Practice, Standards, Building Regulations, British Standards, Euro-codes. Design loads and actions. Layout of calculations, drawings. Reinforced concrete design - materials; singly reinforced rectangular beams; doubly reinforced beams; non-rectangular sections; serviceability - deflection, cracking; shear; detailing of reinforcement; fire resistance; simple retaining wall design. Structural steel design - steel sections; materials; simple tension members; simple compression members; beam design (bending; lateral restraints; laterally restrained beams; laterally unrestrained beams; shear; deflections); bolted and welded connections. Structural timber - materials (grading, species); tension; compression; bending; connections. Structural masonry - materials; compression; bending; shear. Introduction to principles of prestressed concrete; section stresses; losses; load-balancing. Introduction to construction technology (steel, concrete, timber, masonry); temporary works used in concrete, steel, timber and masonry construction.

ARCH0209: Architectural history & theory
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To offer an introduction to historical and theoretical research in architecture, by analysing the ways in which architecture has been understood - as a practical and/or intellectual discipline - at different points in history. Students should acquire an overview about research methods, and how it is undertaken in research libraries and national archives.CONTENT Lectures and structured discussions will cover the following topics: an introduction to Baths built fabric, showing how the buildings have been appropriated in different ways; the Philosophy of History; defining Legitimate Knowledge, Magic and Alchemy in architecture; and the shaping of history through historical method; the illustrated architecture book in history; Alberti and Vitruvius, the similarities and differences between key concepts in their two treatises; Dom Hans Van Der Laans interpretation of Vitruvius six fundamental principles; the notion of bodily perfection in classical antiquity and the 20thcentury; Richard Payne Knights concern to abolish formulae and regulations in matters of taste. There will also be structured visits to the Building of Bath Museum and the County Records Bath.

ARCH0210: Conservation of historic buildings
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims and learning objectives: An introduction to the range of philosophies and techniques concerning the repair and re-use of historic buildings, drawing on the resource of the classical city of Bath and its regional context. The unit introduces the range of tasks performed by conservation professionals from the repair of individual buildings through to the field of urban management, and describes the historic evolution of structures and the causes of, and remedies for structural defects and decay. The aim is to stimulate debate and to develop individual viewpoints on the issues raised. Contents: Lectures and discussion include: conservation and classicism in Bath, reviewing the phases of building in Bath, and examining some of the conservation techniques that have been applied locally; the ethics and aesthetics of architectural conservation and a discussion of society's influence on the emergence of twentieth century planning and conservation law; an historical outline of structural engineering, an overview of the history of structures and structural materials; causes of damage and decay in structures; the assessment of structural defects; and repair criteria and techniques; monitoring and maintenance, techniques for ongoing care and maintenance of building structures.

ARCH0211: Environmental Design (Eng)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: To improve students confidence to use building environmental design as a major positive factor in the design of buildings.Objectives: To examine in some detail the objectives of design using examples from practice. The course will use the joint design project as a vehicle for the early lectures in the course.
Content:
LightingDesign: Designed appearance, enclosure, structure, rational use of colour.Combined lighting:Exploitation of natural light, control of electric lighting.Design criteria: Establishing criteria, isolation of variables, effects of experimentation.Display: Art galleries, museums, principles of design, conservation.Nightime lighting: Security, floodlighting of buildings.Green buildings: Integrated design. Acoustics: Principles of internal room acoustic design.Acoustic design of lecture and drama theatres.Multi-purpose hall design.Noise control in buildings.Case histories of internal acoustic and noise control design.Guidance for the final year joint design project.Thermal: Choice between passive and active control of internal environment. Value engineering.Implications on building design when incorporating major Building services. Fire: An introduction to fire engineering including the nature of fire, the mechanism of combustion and the behaviour of its products. The behaviour of people in fire is examined, the interaction between fire, buildings and other enclosures and the principles of escape and survival studies.

ARCH0212: Surveying and Geology Field Course
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0059, Co ARCH0033, Co ARCH0087
Aims & learning objectives:
To learn how to apply modern surveying techniques appropriate to a larger scale and rougher terrain than can be found on the university campus, and to gain experience in geological field observations. At the end of the course, the student should be able to: appreciate the requirements for carrying out geological and surveying observations in the field; carry out a limited range of geological field observations; understand the use of methods for surveying in rough terrain; appreciate the scale of some geological structures; be able to describe some geological structures and materials.
Content:
Surveying: Techniques for reconnaisance surveys. Use of total stations. Geology: Study of glacaited landforms. Study of coastal and fluvial systems. Study of patterns of discontinuities and description of materials in outcrops.

ARCH0213: Management 1C
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0014
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: To provide students with a basic knowledge of the civil engineering profession and its place in society, and other basic skills needed for obtaining and successfully completing a first industrial placement. Objectives: By the end of the course, the student should be able to: Demonstrate an understanding of what is needed for good written and verbal communication skills, and an awareness of the requirements for the effective use of mass media and graphical communications. Demonstrate an outline understanding of the importance of the engineer's role in society, and some of the broader issues affecting an engineer's work. Demonstrate an understanding of the role of professional organisations, and the ethical and behavioural framework within which the engineer is expected to operate. Demonstrate a knowledge of the routes to corporate membership of ICE and IStructE, and the contribution to be made by the industrial placements. Demonstrate an ability to find and apply for a job. Demonstrate an ability to assume responsibility for their personal safety on a construction site.
Content:
Communication skills: Written communication skills (English usage; Word processing; Report writing) Verbal communication skills (e.g. Presentations; Interviews; Meetings; Conversation) Mass media Graphic communication skills (Data presentation) Organisation of the construction industry: Sectors, clients, designers, contractors, roles of the various parties The Engineer & Society: Role of the engineer Case studies of contentious engineering products The basics of English Law as applied to: Contracts Employment Professional responsibility Negligence Professional ethics: Professions professional organisations (ICE, IStructE) Code of ethics Professional behaviour Professional training: SARTOR Employer's role Sandwich training Looking for a job: Matching applicant's and employer's potentials Research Applications (C.V.s and covering letters) Personal safety on construction sites.

MATE0040: Materials science 1
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop a lively interest in the available range of building materials, founded on an understanding of their microstructure and properties and their practical advantages and limits.
Content:
Building materials. Resources, usage and cost.. Mechanical properties; stress, strain, strength stiffness, strain energy, toughness. Bonding and Packing of Atoms The periodic table. Primary (ionic, covalent, and metallic) and secondary (dipolar) bonding. Packing of equal and unequal size atoms. Imperfections in crystals. Point and line defects, grain boundaries. Metals and Alloys Iron and steel; phase diagram for Fe-C system, Heat treatment of steels. Alloy steels. Other metals. Glass, Ceramics and Concrete Glass structure, composition. and properties. Volume-temperature relationships. Traditional and engineering ceramics. Sheet silicates. Clay bodies. Manufacture of cement. Special cements. Setting and strength of concrete. Stone as a building material. Polymeric Material and Wood Polymerisation. Amorphous and crystalline polymers. Thermosets and thermoplastics. Structure and deformation of the wood cell. Properties of timber and its products.

MATE0041: Materials science 2
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
This course develops from the introductory ideas of structure of materials presented in the first year and uses those ideas to show how the basic mechanics and physical properties of constructional materials are determined by their molecular and crystaline nature. The course forms a basis for the further development of an understanding of design aspects of materials at the macroscopic rather than the atomic level. The course identifies a number of aspects of the behaviour of building materials of specific importance to the engineer, with emphasis being on problems of design and selection of materials for given service conditions.
Content:
1. Classification of engineering materials according to type and properties. 2. Elastic behaviour, linear and non-linear. The elastic moduli, anisotropy; elastic properties of crystals and poly-crystals; composite materials, rubber elasticity. 3. Viscoelastic behaviour and time dependent effects. 4. Strength of engineering materials. Theoretical and actual strengths of solids; improving the strength of real materials. Problems of designing with brittle materials. 5. Longer term effects. Fatigue and creep (introductory). 6. Durability of metals and plastics. Corrosion and environmental attack (introductory). Engineering design The process of engineering design in relation to materials evaluation and selection; relevance of measured properties to service conditions. Short-term mechanical effects Time-dependent behaviour of metals , plastics, concrete, timber; creep and fatigue; combined effects of fatigue and corrosion. Long term chemical behaviour Durability and ageing; changes in material properties in service conditions. Corrosion and protection of metals and alloys; environmental degredation of plastics; chemical degredation of concrete - sulphate attack, conversion of HAC etc.; biodeterioration of timber and protection methods; flammability and fire damage to building materials. Long term stability of adhesives and adhesive bonds.

MECH0134: Fluid mechanics
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students a knowledge and understanding of the fundamentals of fluid mechanics.
Content:
Applied hydrostatics - buoyancy, kinematic and specific viscosity, settlement of particles. Principles of fluid flow: conservation of mass (Laplace), energy and momentum. Classification of flow, Hagen-Pouseuille formula, Darcy's law, local head losses, water hammer and surge, flow in pipes. Similarity and physical models: Dimensional analysis, Froude number, Mach number, Weber number, hydraulic models. Turbulent flow, Reynold's number, flow in pipes, networks. Hydraulic machines: Pelton wheel, radial flow turbine, Kaplan turbine, centrifugal pump, axial flow pump, performance curves, pump selection.

MECH0144: Fluid mechanics 1
Semester 2
Credits: 3
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites: Pre ARCH0059
Aims & learning objectives:
Aims: To give the students a knowledge and understanding of the fundamentals of fluid mechanics. Objectives: By the end of the course, the student should be able to: -determine hydrostatic forces -relate viscosity to buoyancy in considering the settlementof particles -describe the principles and practice of pressure measurement -understand the basic principles of fluid flow and the analysis of different types of flow.
Content:
Applied hydrostatics - buoyancy, kinematic and specific viscosity, settlement of particles. Principles of fluid flow: conservation of mass (Laplace), energy and momentum. Classification of flow, Hagen-Pouseuille formula, Darcy's law, local head losses, water hammer and surge, flow in pipes. Similarity and physical models: Dimensional analysis, Froude number, Mach number, Weber number, hydraulic models. Turbulent flow, Reynold's number, flow in pipes, networks.