Chemical Engineering Unit Catalogue

CHEL0001: Mass & energy balances
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX60 PR20 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The aim is to introduce the principles and practices of steady state and unsteady state material and energy balancing, and the formulation of flowsheets. After successfully completing this unit, the student should be able to formulate, and solve manually, material and energy balances for process systems that may include multicomponent streams, phase changes, simple reactions, recycles, purges, by-pass and mixing.
Content:

* units, molar concentrations, mass and molar flowrates
* material balances on non-reacting systems; steady state and transient
* batch and continuous processes, systematic approach; multiple units
* recycle and by-pass streams
* concept of the flowsheet
* reacting systems and purge flows
* multiphase systems
* conservation of energy; interchange of energy and work
* energy balances on closed and open (flow) systems; steady and unsteady state
* enthalpy and sources of data; state properties; process paths
* multicomponent streams; phase changes; mixing ans solution; humidification
* reacting systems; adiabatic, non-adiabatic and isothermal systems
* incomplete conversion; excess reactants; presence of inerts
* combustion calculations

CHEL0002: Communications 1
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the basic personal skills required by a professional chemical engineer. After taking successfully completing this unit the student should be able to: Take notes and listen effectively Structure and prepare written reports in an approved format. Adopt a stuctured approach to solve problems. Recognise personal strengths and weaknesses in themselves and others. Perform as a team member. Collate and interpret information to make well-structured formal presentations. Recognise the personal attributes required by industry. Prepare Application Forms Use basic techniques to enhance personal presentation during an interview. Use word processors and spreadsheets. Be able to access the intra and inter-net Use the Library facilities
Content:
Syllabus: Personal skills required by a professional engineer. Listening and note-taking techniques. Written communication skills and report structure. Team structure. Teamwork. Teamwork practice Effective technical presentations. Structure, style and delivery. Personal presentation practice. Industrial skill requirements. Invited industrial lectures. Application Forms. Structure and content. Form completion practice. Solve numerical problems using a Spreadsheet package on a computer. Prepare documents using a Word Processing package on a computer. Use the Campus Network and the World Wide Web for e-mail and data and information retrieval. Use the Library facilities.

CHEL0004: Reaction engineering 1 & engineering applications 1a
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX70 PR20 OT10
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide instruction and practice in techniques of engineering experimentation. To expose students to items of process equipment. The aim is to introduce principles of reaction kinetics and their applications to chemical and biochemical reactors design. After successfully completing this unit and co-requisites the student should be able to:
* Describe the operation of process equipment e.g. double effect evaporator
* Design and construct experimental equipment e.g. pumping circuit.
* Estimate the accuracy of experimental data and calculated results
* Schedule experimental work to meet imposed deadlines.
* Compare and evaluate different measurement techniques and methods of operation
* Locate specific items on equipment from a PID diagram of the equipment e.g. valves on double effect evaporator. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* Outline the basic principles of reaction engineering; reaction order; rate law; half life and stoichiometric tables.
* Calculate rate constants and half life if the data given in terms of: a) concentrations and b) pressures for first and second order reactions.
* Perform simultaneous material and energy balances on adiabatic reactors.
* Apply the Arrhenius equation to calculate the activation energy and specific reaction rates.
* Carry out basic isothermal reactor designs: Batch, CSTR and plug.
* Appreciate the role of various reactors in chemical and biochemical processes.
Content:
Two experiments requiring a total of 3 laboratory sessions will be carried out e.g. pumping circuit, flow measurement, mass transfer in bubble columns, double effect evaporator.
* Order of reaction and analysis of kinetic rate equations; homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions; elementary and non-elementary reactions.
* Kinetic rate expressions; zero order; first order and second order (equal concentration) reactions.
* Calculation of equilibrium constants (k), conversions. e.g. kc ----- kp -------kc
* Arrhenius equation and simple collision theory.
* Absolute rate theory and interpretation of rate data.
* Stoichiometric tables.
* Reactor material balances: Batch, continuous and plug.
* Applications of traditional chemical interpretations to biochemical processes.
* Basic reactor designs: Batch, CSTR and plug flow.
* Introduction to space time (t) and space velocity (s).
* Introduction to simultaneous material and energy balances; adiabatic reactors.

CHEL0005: Separation processes 1
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX90 PR10
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The aim is to introduce the application of fundamental principles of phase equilibria to the design and operation of stagewise separation processes, with examples being drawn from distillation and solvent extraction. After successfully completing this unit, the student shold be able to:
* outline the basic features of a broad range of separation processes
* apply the phase rule to a range of phase equilibria
* describe the basic principles of single and mutistage mass balances
* carry out binary and multicomponent bubble and dew point calculations
* carry out binary isothermal flash calculations
* carry out binary multistage distillation calculations for constant molal overflow
* carry out ternary multistage solvent extraction calculations
* analyse for optimum reflux ratios and optimum solvent to feed ratios
Content:
Separation Processes:
* overview of available separation processes
* fundamental principles of phase equilibrium relationships; the phase rule
* principles of steady state single stage mass balancing
* principles of multistage contacting; cross-current and countercurrent contacting
* vapour/liquid equilibria; ideal and non-ideal liquid systems; binary phase diagrams
* bubble and dew point calculations; binary and multicomponent
* binary isothermal flash distillation
* binary mutlistage distillation with constant molal overflow
* reflux ratio, total, minimum and economic reflux ratios
* selection of distillation column pressure
* multiple feed and sidestreams
* liquid/liquid equilibria; choice of solvent; ternary phase diagrams
* cross and countercurrent extractions; minimum and economic solvent ratio

CHEL0007: Engineering applications laboratories 1a & design project
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide instruction and practice in techniques of engineering experimentation. To expose students to items of process equipment. After successfully completing this unit and co-requisites the student should be able to:
* Describe the operation of process equipment e.g. double effect evaporator
* Design and construct experimental equipment e.g. pumping circuit.
* Estimate the accuracy of experimental data and calculated results
* Schedule experimental work to meet imposed deadlines.
* Compare and evaluate different measurement techniques and methods of operation
* Locate specific items on equipment from a PID diagram of the equipment e.g. valves on double effect evaporator. Students having successfully completed this module will have acquired further abilities in working in teams, including division of labour, intra-team communication, time management and planning. Students will have experience in solving an open-ended problem, and have learnt how to synthesize material learnt from many courses in solving a real-life problem. Students will appreciate the opportunities to exercise creativity in engineering solutions. Experience in oral presentation of results to outside parties will be gained.
Content:
Two experiments each requiring 1 laboratory session will be carried out e.g. pumping circuit, flow measurement, mass transfer in bubble columns, double effect evaporator. The design project requires students to specify how a limited supply of reaction vessels, driers, heat exchangers, pumps and storage vessels can be used to produce a specified product mix using a series of recipes for the manufacture of several types of starch. Students will work in teams of 4 or 5 and each team will be asked to produce a schedule for a different product mix.

CHEL0008: Biology & fermentation
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 PR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
This course assumes that the majority of students will have done some biology at GCSE but none at A-level. It is therefore an introduction to aspects of biology and fermentation that enable us to exploit microorganism systems in order to develop useful products and processes (eg. enzymes, alcohol, effluent treatment, pharmaceuticals and food stuffs). After completing this module the students should:
* have an understanding of the importance of biological systems in the modern process industries;
* be aware of the different types and classifications of organisms which exist in the microbial kingdom;
* understand the basic chemistry, structure and function of the main classes of biochemicals;
* have a basic understanding of the role of DNA and genetics in regulating biological activity, and how DNA can be manipulated to produce "new" processes and products;
* be aware of the major internal structures in microbial cells and their functions;
* understand that enzymes are responsible for the catalysis of biochemical reactions, and how these reactions are regulated;
* have a basic knowledge of at least two commercial bio-processes.
Content:

* Introduction to biochemical processes and the types of product that are currently produced on industrial scale.
* Classification of organisms within the microbial kingdom and the types of compound which they require for growth or which they can produce as products.
* Basic chemistry, structure and function of these biochemical compounds.
* The role of DNA and genetics in regulation of metabolic and microbial activity, and its significance in modern biotechnology.
* Basic structure of microbial cells, including intra-cellular structures and their biological function.
* The role of enzymes in regulation and catalysis of biochemical reactions.
* Case studies of selected commerical bioprocesses, eg sewage treatment, alcoholic beverage production, cheese production, antibiotic production, food processing etc.

CHEL0009: Computer programming 1
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
A basic introduction to Fortran programming. This course will run on an informal basis and will essentially be a teach-yourself exercise with guidance. Learning to program computers is like learning another spoken language - you generally get further by teaching yourself and practising. Students should be able to carry out the following after this course:
* understand the need for programming within Chemical Engineering;
* draw and understand program flowsheets;
* break simple problems down into a series of defined steps and formulate them into an algorithm to solve the problem;
* use a FORTRAN compiler to produce and edit simple programs;
* read and write information between a program and a data file;
* be in a position to use program code from other sources, eg text books
Content:
Introduction to programming: Assignment 1: write a review of the need for programming in the modern chemical engineering environment Introduction to flowsheets and algorithm development with examples and problems: Assignment 2: Produce algorithms and flowsheets for a given set of given examples. Assignment 3: Produce a program to calculate a regression line and correlation coefficient for a set of data points. Assignment 4 (typical example):
* Draw a flowsheet for a program to take 20 numbers (in the range 1 to 100) entered by a user and sort these into order, finally print a list of the original data and the ordered list next to each other for comparison.
* Using this flowsheet, write a properly structured program to implement this task.
* Use a subroutine to check that the entered data is in the correct range and format. Add an option to sort in either direction (forwards or backwards).
* Extend the program to take any amount of random numbers.
* Extend the program to read the numbers from a data file, and output the sorted numbers to another data file.

CHEL0010: Particle technology
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX85 PR15
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students an introduction to the behaviour of particulate systems within a broad range of applications. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* characterise particles by size, shape, and size distribution,
* calculate drag forces using standard correlations and determine particle trajectories,
* calculate terminal and equilibrium velocities for single particles and design and evaluate classifiers, elutriators and centrifuges,
* calculate sedimentation velocities for suspensions,
* calculate pressure drop in packed beds, describe the basic fluidisation phenomena,
* describe techniques for the storage and conveyance of particles and associated hazards,
* calculate filter performance for constant pressure and rate operation,
* describe the behaviour of fine particles and the electrical and surface effects that cause this behaviour.
*
Content:
Formation and characterisation of dispersed phases
* Crushing and grinding
* Fluid mechanics applied to deformable and non-deformable dispersed phases
* Settler thickener design: precipitation and coalescence
* Centrifugation: disk; decanter; solid bowl types
* Packed and fluidised beds
* Filtration
* Pneumatic and hydraulic conveying and other methods of transport for solids and slurries
* Colloids and emulsions
* Agglomeration and flocculation

CHEL0012: Industrial placement
Academic Year
Credits: 60
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To consolidate and complement the theoretical content of the University courses in Chemical Engineering with practical experience of industrial activity and practice in the process, bio-process and related industries. To encourage self development. To promote self confidence.

CHEL0016: Engineering thermodynamics 2
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX90 CW10
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To complete the teaching of core chemical engineering thermodynamics. After successfully completing this unit the student should
* understand the significance of and the means for estimating K values,
* be able to estimate physical properties of pure components and mixtures(with the aid of reference material),
* be aware of the need to question the validity of techniques used to estimate properties, especially when using computer packages,
* be able to apply the first and second laws of thermodynamics to solve problems of power cycles, compressors and refrigeration.
*
Content:
Prediction of physical properties and non-ideal vapour liquid equilibria, The determination of K values
* PVT relations, Equations of state: Van Der Waals, Redlich-Kwong, Benedict-Webb-Rubin, Virial equation, Compressibility factor , Pitzer's correlation
* Mixture combination rules
* Heat capacity of gases and liquids, Enthalpy and entropy as a function of temperature and pressure
* Standard heat of reaction, Maxwell's relations, Chemical potential, Gibbs-Duhem equation
* Fugacity, fugacity coefficient and fugacity in a mixture, Activity coefficient in liquid phase
* Excess thermodynamic functions, extension of binary experimental data to multi-component systems
* Steam and gas turbine power plant
* Refrigeration
* Compressors and expanders
* Nozzles and diffusers

CHEL0017: Biochemistry & electrical engineering
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX30 ES10 PR10 OT50
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Biochemistry To give an introduction to the principles of biochemistry and how they influence the behaviour of biochemical processes. Electrical Engineering To provide a background from which to appreciate the role of electrical and electronic technology in chemical engineering.
Content:
Biochemistry
* Biochemical thermodynamics
* Coupling o degradative and synthetic reactions
* Introduction to metabolic pathways: regulations and control
* Concepts of membrane transport and its influence in cell growth
* Introduction to biochemical techniques and their potential for transfer to large scale. Electrical Engineering
* Ohm's law
* Kirchoff's laws
* Faraday's law
* Passive and active components
* Impedance
* DC and AC circuit theory
* Single and three phase power systems
* AC/DC conversion techniques
* Transformers and simple AC and DC machines
* Semi-conductors and semi-conductor devices
* Amplifiers, gates and memories
* Simple analogue and digital circuits
* A to D and D to A converters
* Transducers
* Instrumentation, computers and applications
* Interfacing real time data acquisition and data transmission
* Safety in hazardous environments: Zener barriers, intrinsic safety, area classification and codes of practice

CHEL0018: Transport phenomena 2
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 PR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To explain the underlying phenomena, design methods and principles for heat exchangers and also to introduce the Navier-Stokes equation along with basic laminar boundary theory. After successfully completing this unit the student should:
* be able to apply the continuity and the momentum equations along with basic laminar boundary theory to moving fluids,
* understand the mechanisms of heat and mass transfer by natural and forced convection,
* be able to perform outline design calculations for shell and plate and spiral heat exchangers,
* appreciate different types of condenser and reboilers and their application
* be able to apply heat transfer theory to the design of reboilers and condensers.
*
Content:
General equations of continuity and motion: applications, including order of magnitude analysis
* Inviscid flow, including 2-D potential flow
* Introduction to boundary layer flow: definition of boundary layer thickness, simple form of the momentum equation and approximate solution for a laminar boundary layer
* Separation and wake formation
* Flow at entry to a pipe
* Natural convection, including dimensional analysis and correlations for heat transfer
* Heat losses from pipes
* Forced convection: simple models and mechanisms, including Reynold's and film models
* j factor analogy
* Simultaneous transfer of heat and mass
* Heat exchanger selection and design, including various single phase units

CHEL0020: Communications 2 & further engineering applications
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: PR70 OR30
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide instruction and practice in techniques of engineering experimentation. To promote the application of the engineering principles covered in the lectures which have not been addressed in other practical work earlier in the course. To enhance the students' ability to communicate through the written and spoken word by practice in individual and team exercises. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* write procedures for safe working practices
* critically analyse data of variable quality from a variety of sources
Content:

* Interview skills
* Working in teams in industry The students will complete the following assignments in groups:
* BP Business Game - CD ROM based interactive computer business game;
* Work Permit for Heat Exchanger + Dismantle/Reassemble Plate Heat Exchanger;
* COSHH / Risk Assessments for Fermentation & Heat Exchanger;
* Fermentation Experiment;
* Heat Exchanger Experiment;
* Analyse pooled class data from Fermentation Experiment;
* Analyse pooled class data from Heat Exchanger Experiment.

CHEL0021: Process design 1
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: OT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To deal with the philosophy and methods of process development and design i.e. the formulation of the problems, development and evaluation of alternatives solutions based on technological requirements, economics, environmental and safety considerations and legislation. To consider safety and loss prevention with an introduction to the methods used in loss prevention i.e. 6 stages of assessment. To use a considerable number of case studies. After successfully completing the module, the student should be able to produce a solution to a design problem:
* taking into account the problem specification, the raw material requirements, energy requirements and simple energy integration for the design, codes of practise, standards and legislation,
* producing flow sheets, mass and energy balances, simple instrumentation and control algorithms,
* performing a capital costing based on factored estimates and an approximate manufacturing cost based on energy, utilities and raw material costs and including a sensitivity analysis. The student should also be able to:
* Perform a literature search on a specialist topic using modern computer-aided methods
* Prepare a review of the literature in a critical manner
*
Content:
Introduction to optimisation of systems
* Accounting for uncertainty in data
* Designing for future developments
* Codes of Practice and British Standards for design
* Case studies for detection and evaluation of hazards, Introduction to HAZOP with case study
* DOW or MOND Fire and Explosion Index, HAZAN studies and the implications of Risk
* Maintenance, Work permit systems
* Preventing emergencies in Process Industry and planning for handling emergencies.
* Designing for Inherent safety
* Introduction to various codes of practice: BSS's, legislation relating design and processing, COSHH regulations, CEMA regulations, Electricity Regulations.

CHEL0023: Reaction engineering 2
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 PR10 CW10
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide students with the ability to produce process engineering designs of ideal reactors where the rate of reaction is controlled by chemical kinetics. After successfully completing this unit the student should:
* be able to complete problems on heterogeneous catalytic reactors if they are supplied with global rate data.
* be able to apply a reaction engineering analysis to the controlled growth of micro-organisms in biological reactors.
* be able to use global or homogeneous kinetic expressions to formulate material and energy balances for batch, CSTR and plug flow reactors that exhibit ideal behaviour with reversible and multiple reaction steps.
* understand the essential features that control microorganism growth and design fermenters for batch, fed-batch and continuous cultivation.
*
Content:
Basic reactor designs: batch; CSTR; plug flow
* Application of stoichiometric tables
* Chemical equilibrium
* Definition of reaction rate; elementary reactions, and temperature dependence
* Mass and energy balances developed for ideal batch, CSTR and plug flow reactors
* Ideal batch reactor: constant volume, variable volume, variable temperature and pressure.
* Expansion factor: irreversible and reversible reactions.
* Performance comparison between batch, CSTR and plug flow.
* Optimisation: multiple reaction; parallel; series; series-parallel; selectivity and yield; optimum temperature; isothermal, adiabatic and non-adiabatic modes of operation; multiple reactions temperature effects
* Heterogeneous kinetics
* Microorganism growth kinetics and kinetics of product formation
* The effects of environmental variable such as Ph and temperature on performance.

CHEL0024: Basic process management & economics
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To give a basic understanding of the economic parameters and methods for evaluating the costs and profitability of engineering projects, and the legal framework in which companies have to operate. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* make quick engineering estimates of chemical plant equipment and manufacturing costs,
* determine the profitability of simple projects using traditional and cash flow techniques,
* describe the legal framework in which companies are required to operate.
*
Content:
Interest relationships, Discount formulas
* Sources of investment capital. Profit and cash flow relationships. Payback period.
* Contribution and variable costing. Break-even production diagrams.
* Basis for rate of return concept, Minimum acceptable rate of return, risk factor.
* Profitability methods based on cash flow: cumulative cash flow curves, determination of NPV, DCF rate of return, EMIP, IRR, discounted break-even point.
* Capital cost estimation: short-cut methods e.g. ratio methods, use of cost indices, factored estimates, computerised cost estimation; introduction to detailed cost estimation, scale-up
* Manufacturing cost estimating: short cut methods and scale-up
* Optimal costing methods, incremental costing and profitability.
* Common / statute law with examples in Health & Safety at Work & Environmental Protection Act; structure of the courts
* law of contract, law of agency, sale of goods, law of partnership,
* joint stock companies: memorandum; articles of association; shares; debentures; board of directors
* commercial arbitration, trade union law, restrictive trade practices
* contract of service: duties of employer and employee

CHEL0026: Separation processes 2
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX90 PR10
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce the concepts and terminology associated with mass transfer and show the importance of mass transfer using chemical engineering examples and draw analogies with heat transfer. To provide an overview of the processes of distillation and evaporation for separating two or more components. After successfully completing this unit the student should: · understand steady and unsteady state mass transfer models
*· be able to design mass transfer controlled unit operations and assess their performance
*· understand equilibrium controlled unit operations and be able to assess their performance
*· understand the use of graphical techniques in determining the performance of distillation columns
*· be able to describe distillation column control schemes and unsteady state operation effects
*· understand the concepts underlying the performance of tubular evaporators and be able to design single and multiple effect evaporators with different methods of feeding
Content:
Fick's law: equimolar and single component mass transfer across a fixed boundary layer
*· Use of dimensionless groups: characterisation of the effect of flow on mass transfer
*· Distillation, absorption and liquid-liquid extraction
*· Main models for a mass-transfer coefficient: i.e. the two-film, penetration and Higbie-Danckwerts
*· Simple correlations for mass transfer coefficients and their limitations.
*· Distillation: choice of operating pressure, azeotropic and extractive distillation
*· Solution methods for distillation with binary mixtures
*· Batch distillation: calculations and control
*· Multi-component distillation: short-cut methods, Economic and control considerations
*· Design of multi-stage contacting equipment, especially selection and design of distillation trays
*· Evaporation: examples of use, single and multiple effect, energy considerations
*· Introduction to Supercritical fluid extraction, phase diagrams, systems used and applications

CHEL0028: Chemical reaction engineering 3
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX90 CW10
Requisites: Pre UNIV0031, Pre CHEL0023
Aims & learning objectives:
To give a critical analysis of chemical and physical interactions in catalytic processes, to introduce analysis tools and models for a variety of reactors employing catalysts in solid form and to present the basis and value of residence time distribution (RTD) techniques. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* Analyse reaction, mass transfer effects and deactivation in catalytic processes
* analyse and design a wide variety of reactors
* to apply residence time distribution techniques.
Content:

* steps in catalytic reactions
* rate expressions for catalytic reactions: Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Ely-Rideal
* mass transfer in catalysis
* catalyst deactivation and regeneration
* analysis of reactor types: fixed bed, fluidised bed, slurry, monolith
* residence time distribution techniques and application to CSTR and PF reactors
* non-ideal flow models: partial stagnation, by-pass, short-circuiting, segregated flow, CSTR and PF reactors in series and parallel, laminar flow and axial dispersion models.

CHEL0029: Biochemical reaction engineering 3
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX90 CW10
Requisites: Pre CHEL0023
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide an understanding of the various biological, reactor and process plant strategies that can be employed to produce biochemicals in a controllable and predictable process through the exploitation of bacteria, yeast and higher organisms. After successfully completing this unit the student should:
* be aware of the importance of biological considerations when assessing reactor strategies
* understand how and why when culturing living organisms, the predicted theoretical results often vary from those achieved in practice
* be able to assess and design a reactor for cell growth or to carry out an enzyme reaction.
Content:

* Revision of basic microbial metabolism, stoichiometry and energetics
* Power consumption and mixing in a stirred tank fermenter
* Oxygen transfer during a fermentation.
* Rheology of fermentation broths
* Micro-organism growth kinetics.
* Enzyme reactor kinetics.
* Cultivation of genetically modified organisms, improving reactor performance through genetics
* Structured modelling for biological reactions
* Sterile system design, biosafety and containment.

CHEL0030: Chemical separation processes 3
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the principles and practices involved in the selection and sequencing of complex separations, advance students' understanding of the principles and practices of multicomponent distillation, and introduce students to the roles of adsorptive and membrane methods as advanced separation processes for gas and liquid phase systems. After successfully completing this module, students should be able to understand the principles and practices, and to carry out calculations on the following: the selection and sequencing of separation processes, the design and operation of adsorptive- and membrane-based separation processes, and the design and operation of multistage multicomponent distillation.
*
Content:
Selection and evaluation of alternative separation process routes and sequences
* Selective adsorption; adsorbent materials, equilibria, kinetics; batch, cyclic and continuous processes
* Column dynamics; dilute, isothermal, equilibrium plug flow, axial dispersion, constant pattern
* Examples drawn from pressure swing and thermal swing separations of gases and liquids
* Membrane processes, modules and applications in the process industries
* Microfiltration and analysis of fouling in porous systems; design of reverse osmosis
* Principles and design of separation for gas separation and pervaporation membranes
* Electrodialysis and related operations
* Multicomponent vapour-liquid equilibria, bubble and dew points, flash calculations
* Design considerations for multicomponent fractionation; stagewise design for multicomponent distillation
* Advances in distillation technology

CHEL0031: Biochemical separation processes
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: EX90 CW10
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce the main unit operations used in the separation of materials of biological origin. To provide an understanding of the role of each operation within a multi-unit process and how this is influenced by the properties of the process stream. To introduced and explore the use of quantitative performance equations for design purposes. After successfully completing this unit the student should:
* be aware of the main separation techniques available and how their choice is dependent on the nature of the bioproduct to be produced,
* be able to sequence a series of unit operations on the basis of their capacity and selectivity,
* be able to formulate quantitative design equations for sizing purposes (centrifuge, membrane, adsorber and chromatographic separator).
* understand how process data can be used to optimise the performance of a bioseparation sequence.
Content:
Properties of biochemicals which influence choice and availability of methods. Cell recovery. Influence of cell morphology and media composition on recovery. Cell disruption/release of intracellular products. General introduction to membrane processes, materials of construction and modes of operation. Flux in UF/MF effects of concentration, pressure, and temperature. Enhancement using hydrodynamic techniques. Chromatographic separations, review of techniques available Batch adsorption, prediction of equilibrium adsorbed design based on isotherm data Design of adsorption columns. Simplified models based on equilibrium assumption, kinetic models with and without an assessment of mass transfer coefficients. Prediction of breakthrough. Aqueous two phase extraction, field flow fractionation, electrophoresis Protein refolding systems and applications of genetic engineering to downstream processing Optimisation of separation process sequences, quantification of purity/recovery.

CHEL0032: Process control 3
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX60 OT40
Requisites: Pre UNIV0030, Pre UNIV0031
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students a wider appreciation of process control system applications and understanding of the design techniques,analysis and procedures for safe plant operation. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* determine the limits to stability of linear systems,also certain non-linear systems
* use frequency response and time domain techniques to design PID loops apply signal analysis and sampling techniques to obtain dynamic information for process identification
* solve noise problems with aid of appropriate filters
* devise digital control solutions assess instrumentation and control requirements for bioprocess systems.
Content:

* linearisation and state spoace representation
* stability of feedback systems:Routh Array,Root Locus
* advanced control strategies:Smith predictor,multiloop,feedforward control
* Fourier series,sampled data sytems,z-operator,sampling intervals
* Analogue and digital filters:Butterwoth,Chebychev,IIR,FIR
* Digital Control:z-transform,PID,deadbeat controllers
* PLC's,ladder networks
* Bioprocess control:instrumentation,control strategies
* Case studieds: on-line mass balancing,model-based FBC/FFC,muliproduct fermentation.

CHEL0033: Transport phenomena 3
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites: Pre CHEL0026
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the principles and practices involved in selected areas of transport phenomena, to advance students' understanding of the principles of complex single phase flow, and to introduce students to the principles and applications of multiphase flows. After successfully completing this unit the student should:
* be able to describe a wide variety of non-Newtonian behaviour and carry out basic calculations,
* have an appreciation of viscous and turbulent flows including secondary flows,
* understand momentum, thermal and mass transfer behaviour in boundary layers and carry out basic calculations,
* be able to describe gas-liquid flows in pipes and mixing reactors,
* be able to carry out 1-D calculations of pressure drop and gas holdup for gas-liquid flows,
* be able to describe multiphase flow in petroleum reservoirs and methods of enhanced oil recovery.
Content:

* Non-newtonian fluids including Bingham plastics
* Application of Navier-Stokes equation
* Simple models for turbulent flow including universal velocity profile
* Prandtl-Taylor analogy, calculation of 1/7th power law
* Approximation for turbulent boundary layer, introduction to thermal and diffusion boundary layers
* Two-phase (gas-liquid) flow: flow patterns, basic equations and nomenclature
* Lockhart-Martinelli correlation
* Multiphase mixing reactors
* Introduction to petroleum reservoir engineering. Secondary and enhanced oil recovery methods.
* Multiphase flow in reservoir porous media
* EOR: gas injection processes and thermal recovery methods.

CHEL0034: Advanced process management & economics
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites: Pre CHEL0024
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students an extended understanding of the economic evaluation of engineering projects, particularly involving the treatment of uncertainties and to gain a wider perspective of the business environment in which companies have to operate, from the practitioner's viewpoint. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* to use various methods for the economic evaluation of projects
* be able to assess uncertainty in economic predictions
* be able to read a company report and balance sheet
* understand how to control project costs using financial information
* know how a project is planned and the principles of critical path scheduling
* know models of company structure and operating style and how employees are managed
* know the legal framework in which companies, unions and employees operate; the major constraints imposed upon them through legislation and how it is developed, enabled and enforced
* understand corporate strategies for long term planning; the role of R & D and innovation
* understand the importance of marketing, total quality and customer needs.
Content:

* Feasibility analysis;interest and inflation rates
* Comparison of NPV,B/C,IRR
* Cash flow techniques and sensity analysis
* Effect of uncertainty on forecasts and decision making
* Cumulative probability curves
* Monte Carlo simulation;decision trees;Bayes strategies
* Critical path methods,CPM and PERT
* Total Quality;marketing
* Legal aspects:contracts,patents,European Law
* Project Management
* Company accounts
* R & D/Marketing interface
* Employee relations

CHEL0035: General
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: OR100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To explore the wider role of the Chemical Engineer in society. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* make a reasoned and informed response to matters of general concern related to the practice of Chemical Engineering.
Content:
A seminar programme delivered by chemical engineering practitioners and researchers. The student is required to submit two essays during semester two, in preparation for the oral examination.

CHEL0038: Experimental project
Semester 2
Credits: 10
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: OT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To produce and carry out an independent work programme, making good use of the School of Chemical Engineering's extensive research facilities and experience.
Content:
A wide range of projects, experimental and theoretical/ computational, both chemical and biochemical engineering, will be on offer at the beginning of the winter term. The project is essentially broken into two parts. The initial stage, which takes place in the first semester, involves getting to know what is required and devising a work plan. During this period, you will be encouraged to discuss the project in more detail with the academic supervisor(s), along with, if relevant researchers and technicians. At the end of the semester a short, preliminary report must be submitted which includes: (i) outline of the project (ii) literature survey (iii) materials and methods, (iv) completed set of any necessary safety forms (e.g. COSHH assessments) and (v) experimental work programme (scheduled around the time available in the Spring term). An additional requirement during this semester, may be attendance at short-courses which will provide necessary enabling skills (e.g. use of specialized analytical equipment, microbial culture techniques). In the second semester, time will be time-tabled to carry out the project, although after discussion with both academic supervisors and technicians, it may be possible to carry out additional work during other times. However, all laboratory work must be carried out between 9:15 am and 17:00 pm, Monday to Friday. At the conclusion of the project you will need to produce and submit a detailed report. It should follow a similar format to the preliminary report, except two additional sections are required, (i) results and discussion and (ii) conclusions and recommendation for further work. The final requirement, is a poster presentation based on the project. This consists of six A4 sides and should give a lucid summary of the work carried out, by outlining key methods and results. The posters will be put-up during the first week after the Easter vacation, and subsequently assessed.

CHEL0040: Waste management
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: EX75 CW25
Requisites: Pre CHEL0021
Aims & learning objectives:
To give the student an awareness of the problems of "waste" (solid, liquid and gaseous), and the methods of managing waste to meet with the requirements of legislation, economic and environmental considerations. After successfully completing this course the student should:
* Be able to identify waste
* Determine the source of the waste
* Be able to formulate a scheme meeting legislative requirements for waste management for a process and where appropriate be able to suggest methods of reducing the quantity of waste by either more efficient processing, clean technology, waste recovery, recycle or reuse.
* Be able to identify the costs associated with a waste management scheme.
Content:
Hierachies of good waste management practise Authorities involved in waste i.e. Health and Safety Executive, Environmental Agency, Local Authorities Relevant legislation - the Pollution Act , EPA 1990, EPA 1995, Duty of Care etc. Identification, characterisation and documentation of wastes Records, costs, storage, licensing, future liability etc Outline treatment of Liquid solid and gaseous wastes Auditing of waste management systems in-house.

CHEL0041: Pollution control
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: EX75 CW15 ES10
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The course aims to introduce the technologies of air and water pollution control and the major environmental effects of pollution. After successfully completing this unit the student should:
* Know the operating and design principles of the major technologies and the pollutants which they are most effective at controlling, and be able to recommend appropriate control solutions to particular cases of pollution.
Content:

* Air pollutants and their effects
* Particulate removal: filters, scrubbers, electrostatic precipitators
* Chemical removal: scrubbers, fixed bed adsorbers, catalytic converters
* Water pollutants and their effects
* Chemical treatment: precipitation, ion-exchange, adsorption, catalytic oxidation, photocatalytic processes
* Physical treatment: sedimentation, flocculation, deep bed filtration
* Biological treatment: principles, suspended growth processes, fixed growth processes, aerobic and anaerobic processes, new technologies
* Combined processes and total systems.

CHEL0042: Environmental awareness
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX75 ES25
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop an appreciation of the complexity of environmental interactions and the ways in which our activities can impinge on the ecosystem as a whole. After successfully completing the unit the student should:
* Be aware of the macroscopic effects of industrial activities on the environment.
* Appreciate the complexity of environmental pathways, their effect in modifying the environmental impact of potential pollutants and the difficulties inherent in quantifying these effects.
* Have an understanding of how pollutants are transported and dispersed in the environment.
* Be able to conduct a life cycle analysis to predict the environmental effects of process design choices.
Content:
Introduction to the concepts of an integrated environment - the Gaia hypothesis. Biodiversity. Environmental pathways and endpoints. Contributions of chemical and biological processing to local environmental problems. Principles of toxicology. Health issues. Contributions of chemical and biological processing to global environmental problems. Energy conversion - renewable and non-renewable resources. Climate effects: global warming, ozone depletion, acid rain. Water quality. Behaviour of pollutants in the environment. Effects of pollutants on environmental quality. Mechanisms of pollutant transport and dispersion via air water and land. Life cycle analysis.

CHEL0043: Environmental management systems
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: EX75 CW25
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The aim is to provide an introduction to the principles and practices of environmental management systems and their component procedures in the context of the processing industries. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* describe the origins and structures of modern environmental management systems
* prepare EMS components for examples drawn from the processing industries
* formulate the EMS requirements for complex processes and large companies.
Content:

* origins and benefits of EMS; EMS elements; EMS loops
* comparisons of EMAS and ISO standards; informal systems
* company culture and commitment; preparatory reviews
* policy statements
* registers of environmental regulations
* register of environmental effects; process and site based assessments
* risk assessment and cost benefit analysis
* life cycle assessment; indicative assessment matrix; effects identification matrix
* objectives and targets
* management programme, manual, operational control and records
* environmental auditing and environmental reporting.

CHEL0044: Environmental monitoring & clean technology
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: EX75 ES25
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop an understanding of obtaining reliable measurements of potential pollutants in the enviornment and the role that process design plays in the development of clean technology. After successfully completing the unit the student should:
* Understand the technical problems associated with obtaining accurate measurements of pollutants in the environment.
* Appreciate the importance of appropriate sampling regimes.
* Appreciate the relationship between emission constraints and limits of detection.
* Be aware of the tools available for clean design and analysis of processes.
* Understand the kinetic and thermodynamic limitations on pollution prevention regimes.
Content:
Problems of implementing monitoring systems. Techniques for determining level of organic pollutants in potable water Techniques for determining level of inorganic pollutants in potable water Techniques for determining level of biological contaminants in potable water Techniques for monitoring air borne pollutants Monitoring of pollutants in soil. Commercial implications Legal implications Relationship between emission limits and limits of detection. Process waste diagrams and environmental mass balances. Design simulation and optimisation methods. Thermodynamic and kinetic limitations. Quantification of progress. Normalisation of data and indexing.

CHEL0045: Environmental research project
Semester 2
Credits: 20
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: OT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To produce and carry-out an independent work programme, of either an experimental or theoretical/ computational nature, based around environmental control and/or management themes and making good use of the Chemical Engineering's extensive research facilities and experience.
Content:


CHEL0046: Environmental impact assessment
Semester 2
Credits: 10
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: ES100
Requisites: Pre CHEL0043, Ex CHEL0071
Aims & learning objectives:
The aim is to introduce the principles and practices of environmental impact assessment in the context of a chemical engineering process development. After successfully completing this unit, the student should be able to:
* critically analyse the quality of a published Environmental Statement in the context of the objectives and legislative requirements of Environmental Assessment in the UK
* carry out selected individual steps involved in an EIA
* identify and critically analyse the roles of specialists in carrying out an EIA
* critically analyse arguments put forward to support and oppose a proposed chemical engineering process development.
Content:

* development and legislative background; implementation in the UK
* objectives and benefits
* the screening process; scale, location, type of development, decision-makers
* project characteristics and baseline studies; baseline conditions
* the scoping process; qualitative and quantitative methods
* desk and field surveys; statutory and non-statutory consultees
* impact identification; significant, direct and indirect impacts
* mitigation; uncertainty and risk management
* the environmental impact statement; decision-making
* monitoring and auditing.

CHEL0047: Environmental legislation
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Undergraduate Masters
Assessment: EX75 CW25
Requisites: Pre CHEL0021
Aims & learning objectives:
The aim is to advance student understanding of the principles and practices of environmental law as it pertains particularly to the process industries. After successfully completing this unit, the student should be able to:
* describe the UK and EU environmental legal frameworks
* analyse the influence of international opinion
* compare and contrast command and control legislation with modern alternatives
* analyse breaches of statutory duty
* describe the role of environmental assessment in the planning process
* prepare an IPC/IPPC authorisation for a simple process.
Content:

* principles of UK and EU environmental law, and the legislation-making process
* effect of European Directives
* influence of international opinion; treaties, conventions and protocols
* polluter pays, precautionary, proximity, and sustainable development principles
* regulatory regimes in the UK; command and control practices
* role of the Environment Agency
* guidance notes for prescribed processes and substances
* BPEO, IPC, IPPC, BAT and BATNEEC
* economic instruments, tradeable quotas, special taxes
* developing issues; regulation, payment, enforcement, management
* proportionality, consistency, transparency and targeting
* administrative action, criminal proceedings, civil proceedings
* sentencing and fines; liability.

CHEL0048: Transport phenomena 1
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 PR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce fluid flow and momentum transfer in pipes, channels and various devices and fittings. To discuss the principles of turbulent flow and flow measurement along with the physical properties of fluids. To introduce the mechanisms and modes of heat transfer, heat transfer situations and heat transfer equipment. After successfully completing this module the student should:
* understand the principles of fluid flow and momentum transfer and
* understand the mechanisms and modes of heat transfer.
Content:
Fluids:
* types of fluid - Newtonian and non-Newtonian
* Bernoulli, continuity and momentum equations
* application of basic equations
* pressure drop and power requirement
* pressure drop in pipes and fittings
* laminar and turbulent flow
* flow measurement using pitot tube, orifice and venturi meters
* flow in channels
* compressible flow Heat Transfer:
* heat transfer mechanisms
* introduction to conduction, thermal resistances in series and parallel, conduction through cylindrical walls
* introduction to convection, film theory, heat transfer coefficient correlations
* introduction to radiation, radiation between surfaces, furnace design
* heat exchangers, types, construction, design.

CHEL0049: Communications 1 with French
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the basic personal skills required by a professional chemical engineer and provide practice in applying these skills in their chosen language. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to: Take notes and listen effectively Structure and prepare written reports in an approved format. Adopt a stuctured approach to solve problems. Recognise personal strengths and weaknesses in themselves and others. Perform as a team member. Collate and interpret information to make well-structured formal presentations. Recognise the personal attributes required by industry. Prepare Application Forms Use basic techniques to enhance personal presentation during an interview. Use word processors and spreadsheets. Be able to access the intra and inter-net Use the Library facilities
Content:
Personal skills required by a professional engineer. Listening and note-taking techniques. Written communication skills and report structure. Team structure. Teamwork. Teamwork practice Effective technical presentations. Structure, style and delivery. Personal presentation practice. Industrial skill requirements. Invited industrial lectures. Application Forms. Structure and content. Form completion practice. Solve numerical problems using a Spreadsheet package on a computer. Prepare documents using a Word Processing package on a computer. Use the Campus Network and the World Wide Web for e-mail and data and information retrieval. Use the Library facilities.

CHEL0050: Communications 1 with German
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the basic personal skills required by a professional chemical engineer and provide practice in applying these skills in their chosen language. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to: Take notes and listen effectively Structure and prepare written reports in an approved format. Adopt a stuctured approach to solve problems. Recognise personal strengths and weaknesses in themselves and others. Perform as a team member. Collate and interpret information to make well-structured formal presentations. Recognise the personal attributes required by industry. Prepare Application Forms Use basic techniques to enhance personal presentation during an interview. Use word processors and spreadsheets. Be able to access the intra and inter-net Use the Library facilities.
Content:
Personal skills required by a professional engineer. Listening and note-taking techniques. Written communication skills and report structure. Team structure. Teamwork. Teamwork practice Effective technical presentations. Structure, style and delivery. Personal presentation practice. Industrial skill requirements. Invited industrial lectures. Application Forms. Structure and content. Form completion practice. Solve numerical problems using a Spreadsheet package on a computer. Prepare documents using a Word Processing package on a computer. Use the Campus Network and the World Wide Web for e-mail and data and information retrieval. Use the Library facilities.

CHEL0051: Communications 1 with Spanish
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the basic personal skills required by a professional chemical engineer and provide practice in applying these skills in their chosen language. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to: Take notes and listen effectively Structure and prepare written reports in an approved format. Adopt a stuctured approach to solve problems. Recognise personal strengths and weaknesses in themselves and others. Perform as a team member. Collate and interpret information to make well-structured formal presentations. Recognise the personal attributes required by industry. Prepare Application Forms Use basic techniques to enhance personal presentation during an interview. Use word processors and spreadsheets. Be able to access the intra and inter-net Use the Library facilities.
Content:
Personal skills required by a professional engineer. Listening and note-taking techniques. Written communication skills and report structure. Team structure. Teamwork. Teamwork practice Effective technical presentations. Structure, style and delivery. Personal presentation practice. Industrial skill requirements. Invited industrial lectures. Application Forms. Structure and content. Form completion practice. Solve numerical problems using a Spreadsheet package on a computer. Prepare documents using a Word Processing package on a computer. Use the Campus Network and the World Wide Web for e-mail and data and information retrieval. Use the Library facilities.

CHEL0052: Engineering applications laboratories with French & design project
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide instruction and practice in techniques of engineering experimentation. To expose students to items of process equipment. To introduce students to technical vocabulary in their chosen language. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* Describe the operation of process equipment e.g. double effect evaporator
* Design and construct experimental equipment e.g. pumping circuit.
* Estimate the accuracy of experimental data and calculated results
* Schedule experimental work to meet imposed deadlines.
* Compare and evaluate different measurement techniques and methods of operation
* Locate specific items on equipment from a PID diagram of the equipment e.g. valves on double effect evaporator.
* Read and understand simple technical texts in their chosen language
* Describe equipment and experimental results in their chosen language. Students having successfully completed this module will have acquired further abilities in working in teams, including division of labour, intra-team communication, time management and planning. Students will have experience in solving an open-ended problem, and have learnt how to synthesize material learnt from many courses in solving a real-life problem. Students will appreciate the opportunities to exercise creativity in engineering solutions. Experience in oral presentation of results to outside parties will be gained.
Content:
Four experiments will be carried out in the chosen language e.g. pumping circuit, flow measurement, mass transfer in bubble columns, double effect evaporator. The design project requires students to specify how a limited supply of reaction vessels, driers, heat exchangers, pumps and storage vessels can be used to produce a specified product mix using a series of recipes for the manufacture of several types of starch. Students will work in teams of 4 or 5 and each team will be asked to produce a schedule for a different product mix.

CHEL0053: Engineering applications laboratories with German & design project
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide instruction and practice in techniques of engineering experimentation. To expose students to items of process equipment. To introduce students to technical vocabulary in their chosen language. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* Describe the operation of process equipment e.g. double effect evaporator
* Design and construct experimental equipment e.g. pumping circuit.
* Estimate the accuracy of experimental data and calculated results
* Schedule experimental work to meet imposed deadlines.
* Compare and evaluate different measurement techniques and methods of operation
* Locate specific items on equipment from a PID diagram of the equipment e.g. valves on double effect evaporator.
* Read and understand simple technical texts in their chosen language
* Describe equipment and experimental results in their chosen language. Students having successfully completed this module will have acquired further abilities in working in teams, including division of labour, intra-team communication, time management and planning. Students will have experience in solving an open-ended problem, and have learnt how to synthesize material learnt from many courses in solving a real-life problem. Students will appreciate the opportunities to exercise creativity in engineering solutions. Experience in oral presentation of results to outside parties will be gained.
Content:
Four experiments will be carried out in the chosen language e.g. pumping circuit, flow measurement, mass transfer in bubble columns, double effect evaporator. The design project requires students to specify how a limited supply of reaction vessels, driers, heat exchangers, pumps and storage vessels can be used to produce a specified product mix using a series of recipes for the manufacture of several types of starch. Students will work in teams of 4 or 5 and each team will be asked to produce a schedule for a different product mix.

CHEL0054: Engineering applications laboratories with Spanish & design project
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide instruction and practice in techniques of engineering experimentation. To expose students to items of process equipment. To introduce students to technical vocabulary in their chosen language. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* Describe the operation of process equipment e.g. double effect evaporator
* Design and construct experimental equipment e.g. pumping circuit.
* Estimate the accuracy of experimental data and calculated results
* Schedule experimental work to meet imposed deadlines.
* Compare and evaluate different measurement techniques and methods of operation
* Locate specific items on equipment from a PID diagram of the equipment e.g. valves on double effect evaporator.
* Read and understand simple technical texts in their chosen language
* Describe equipment and experimental results in their chosen language. Students having successfully completed this module will have acquired further abilities in working in teams, including division of labour, intra-team communication, time management and planning. Students will have experience in solving an open-ended problem, and have learnt how to synthesize material learnt from many courses in solving a real-life problem. Students will appreciate the opportunities to exercise creativity in engineering solutions. Experience in oral presentation of results to outside parties will be gained.
Content:
Four experiments will be carried out in the chosen language e.g. pumping circuit, flow measurement, mass transfer in bubble columns, double effect evaporator. The design project requires students to specify how a limited supply of reaction vessels, driers, heat exchangers, pumps and storage vessels can be used to produce a specified product mix using a series of recipes for the manufacture of several types of starch. Students will work in teams of 4 or 5 and each team will be asked to produce a schedule for a different product mix.

CHEL0062: Academic-based research project
Semester 2
Credits: 30
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW90 OR10
Requisites: Ex CHEL0064
Aims & learning objectives:

* To plan and conduct a theoretical or experimental research project using academic research facilities.
* Students should be exposed to the nature of academic research, and develop skills in tackling unresolved science and engineering problems.
* The students will have the opportunity to develop advanced computation or experimental skills, for example in the preparation and analysis of samples, or mathematical modelling.
* Provide apportunities for appropriate presentation of the project.
Content:

* A wide range of projects normally will be available: computational, chemical, biochemical and environmental.
* Students should: devise a work plan, undertake the necessary background reading and preparation, prepare necessary materials, carry out appropriate safety assessments and carry out their work plan in consultation with their supervisor.

ENGR0003: Process design 2
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: OR10 OT90
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The second year project is carried out in collaboration with an industrial partner and is intended as an introduction to a systematic approach to chemical engineering design. To give the student a practical grounding in the mechanical design of plant and in particular of pressure vessels according to BS5500. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* Compare alternative routes by technical/economic reasoning
* Prepare a specification sheet for the design of an individual unit
* Prepare a process and instrumentation diagram (P&I) for a single unit
* Plan and organise the use of group time
* perform an outline mechanical design of a pressure vessel and know, in principle, how to use a commercial software package for this purpose.
* write a specification and communicate with the specialist who would do the detailed design.
Content:
Introduction, stress and strain, temperature and pressure effects
* Selection of material, corrosion allowances and wall thickness.
* Safety factors, cracks, plastic region.
* Flanges and gaskets; types of welds.
* Stress concentrations, openings and branches.
* Bending and supports, thin wall theory.
* Vessel ends e.g. flat, hemispherical, torispherical.
* Weight loads, wind loads, vessel supports.
* How to use a commercial software design package.
* Laboratory class: use of strain gauges and measurements on a container.
* Use of a CAD package for mass & energy balances and accessing the physical property data bank,
* Use of a CAD packages to predict thermodynamic data,
* Working as a team,
* Project planning,
* Use of short-cut techniques in unit design,
* Making process decisions,
* Exploring the consequences of alternatives with and without the use of CAD,
* Consideration of energy integration and optimisation, cost estimates and preliminary hazard analysis.

ENGR0004: Design project 3
Semester 2
Credits: 15
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: OT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce legislation governing the environment and the use of genetically modified organisms and how this affects engineers in managerial, operational and design roles. To provide information on the properties and uses of materials. To prepare a preliminary group report for the design project. To enable students to demonstrate that:
* they are capable of developing an integral systems approach to chemical engineering and of applying the principles of chemical and/or biochemical engineering to the design of a process,
* they have creative and critical skills, and are able to make choices and decisions in areas of uncertainty,
* they can work together in a team, and also alone,
* they can communicate effectively the results of their work in the form of written reports that include drawings.
Content:
introduction to environmental legislation and factors that have an influence
* control of liquid discharges and air emissions
* integrated pollution control (IPC)
* environmental assessments and statements
* introduction to regulations governing the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)
* biosafety and containment of GMOs
* introduction to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) with respect to bioprocess plant
* materials of construction for chemical and bioprocess plant
* preparation of a preliminary technical and economic appraisal of a process where safety and
* environmental issues form an integral part of process screening
* preparation of an outline process flowsheet
* Market survey, Review of alternatives
* Physical and chemical property data
* Creation and synthesis of flowsheet
* Safety and operability
* Environmental issues
* Capital and operating costs
* Unit specification sheets, Flowsheets, Engineering drawings and sketches
* Executive summary
* Demonstration of viability
* Individual unit design
* Application of rigorous methods
* Mechanical design
* Outline of control and P & I diagrams

ESML0210: French stage 7A (advanced) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0211
Aims & learning objectives:
A course to consolidate, refine and enhance previous advanced knowledge of French
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. Teaching materials cover a wide range of cultural, political and social topics relating to France and may include short works of literature. There will be discussion in the target language of topics derived from teaching materials, leading to small-scale research projects based on the same range of topics and incorporating the use of press reports and articles as well as audio and visual material. Students are encouraged to devote time and energy to developing linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, for instance by additional reading and/or participating in informally arranged conversation groups and in events at which French is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0211: French stage 7B (6 credits)
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0210
Aims & learning objectives:
A continuation of French Stage 7A
Content:
A continuation of French Stage 7A

ESML0212: French stage 8A (post advanced) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0213
Aims & learning objectives:
Continued consolidation and enhancement of the language already acquired in French Stage 7A and 7B
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. Teaching materials cover a wide range of cultural, political and social topics relating to France and may include short works of literature or extracts from longer works. Where numbers permit, some subject-specific material may be included, covering the relevant scientific and technological areas and/or business and industry. There will be discussion and analysis in the target language of topics derived from teaching materials with the potential for small-scale research projects and presentations. Audio and video materials form an integral part of this study, along with newspaper, magazine and journal articles. Students are actively encouraged to devote time and energy to developing linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, by additional reading, links with native speakers and participating in events at which French is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0214: French stage 9A (further advanced) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0215
Aims & learning objectives:
A continuation of the work outlined in French 8A and 8B
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. Teaching materials used cover a wide variety of sources and cover aspects of cultural political and social themes relating to France. Works of literature or extracts may be included, as well as additional subject-specific material, as justified by class size. This may encompass scientific and technological topics as well as materials relevant to business and industry. There will be discussion in the target language of topics relating to and generated by the teaching materials, with the potential for small-scale research projects and presentations. Audio and video materials form an integral part of this study, along with newspaper, magazine and journal articles. Students are actively encouraged to consolidate their linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, by additional reading, links with native speakers and participating in events at which French is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0216: French stage 4A (intermediate) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0217
Aims & learning objectives:
A course to consolidate existing knowledge of French, to develop listening, reading, writing and speaking, and to reinforce grammar, in order to enable students to operate in a French-speaking environment.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures, vocabulary and pronunciation relating to a selection of topics. Remedial work is carried out where necessary. Teaching materials will include reading passages from a variety of sources as well as topical and relevant audio and video material. Students are required to give short presentations, conduct brief interviews and write dialogues, reports and letters in French. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0217: French stage 4B (6 credits)
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0216
Aims & learning objectives:
A continuation of French Stage 4A
Content:
A continuation of French Stage 4A

ESML0218: French stage 5A (post intermediate) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0219
Aims & learning objectives:
This course builds on the French covered in French Stage 4A and 4B in order to enhance the student's abilities in the four skill areas.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures, vocabulary and pronunciation. Teaching materials cover a wide range of cultural, political and social topics relating to France and may include short works of literature. There will be discussion in the target language of topics derived from teaching materials, leading to small-scale research projects based on the same range of topics and incorporating the use of press reports and articles as well as audio and visual material. Students are encouraged to devote time and energy to developing linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, for instance by additional reading and/or participating in informally arranged conversation groups and in events at which French is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0220: French stage 6A (advanced intermediate) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0221
Aims & learning objectives:
This course concentrates on the more advanced aspects of French with continued emphasis on practical application of language skills in a relevant context, in order to refine further the student's abilities.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. There is continued further development of the pattern of work outlined in French Stage 5A and 5B

ESML0228: German stage 7A (advanced) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0229
Aims & learning objectives:
A course to consolidate, refine and enhance previous advanced knowledge of German
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. Teaching materials cover a wide range of cultural, political and social topics relating to German speaking countries and may include short works of literature. There will be discussion in the target language of topics derived from teaching materials, leading to small-scale research projects based on the same range of topics and incorporating the use of press reports and articles as well as audio and visual material. Students are encouraged to devote time and energy to developing linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, for instance by additional reading and/or participating in informally arranged conversation groups and in events at which German is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0229: German stage 7B (6 credits)
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0228
Aims & learning objectives:
A continuation of German Stage 7A
Content:
A continuation of German Stage 7A

ESML0230: German stage 8A (post advanced) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0231
Aims & learning objectives:
Continued consolidation and enhancement of the language already acquired in German Stage 7A and 7B
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. Teaching materials cover a wide range of cultural, political and social topics relating to German speaking countries and may include short works of literature or extracts from longer works. Where numbers permit, some subject-specific material may be included, covering the relevant scientific and technological areas and/or business and industry. There will be discussion and analysis in the target language of topics derived from teaching materials with the potential for small-scale research projects and presentations. Audio and video materials form an integral part of this study, along with newspaper, magazine and journal articles. Students are actively encouraged to devote time and energy to developing linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, by additional reading, links with native speakers and participating in events at which German is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0232: German stage 9A (further advanced) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0233
Aims & learning objectives:
A continuation of the work outlined in German Stage 8A and 8B
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. Teaching materials used cover a wide variety of sources and cover aspects of cultural political and social themes relating to German speaking countries. Works of literature or extracts may be included, as well as additional subject-specific material, as justified by class size. This may encompass scientific and technological topics as well as materials relevant to business and industry. There will be discussion in the target language of topics relating to and generated by the teaching materials, with the potential for small-scale research projects and presentations. Audio and video materials form an integral part of this study, along with newspaper, magazine and journal articles. Students are actively encouraged to consolidate their linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, by additional reading, links with native speakers and participating in events at which German is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0234: German stage 4A (intermediate) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0235
Aims & learning objectives:
A course to consolidate existing knowledge of German, to develop listening, reading, writing and speaking, and to reinforce grammar, in order to enable students to operate in a German-speaking environment.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures, vocabulary and pronunciation relating to a selection of topics. Remedial work is carried out where necessary. Teaching materials will include reading passages from a variety of sources as well as topical and relevant audio and video material. Students are required to give short presentations, conduct brief interviews and write dialogues, reports and letters in German. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0235: German stage 4B (6 credits)
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0234
Aims & learning objectives:
A continuation of German 4A
Content:
A continuation of German 4A

ESML0236: German stage 5A (post intermediate) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0237
Aims & learning objectives:
This course builds on the German covered in German Stage 4A and 4B in order to enhance the student's abilities in the four skill areas.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures, vocabulary and pronunciation. Teaching materials cover a wide range of cultural, political and social topics relating to German speaking countries and may include short works of literature. There will be discussion in the target language of topics derived from teaching materials, leading to small-scale research projects based on the same range of topics and incorporating the use of press reports and articles as well as audio and visual material. Students are encouraged to devote time and energy to developing linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, for instance by additional reading and/or participating in informally arranged conversation groups and in events at which German is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0238: German stage 6A (advanced intermediate) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0239
Aims & learning objectives:
This course concentrates on the more advanced aspects of German with continued emphasis on practical application of language skills in a relevant context, in order to refine further the student's abilities.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. There is continued further development of the pattern of work outlined in German Stage 5A and 5B

ESML0258: Spanish stage 4A (intermediate) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0259
Aims & learning objectives:
A course to consolidate existing knowledge of Spanish, to develop listening, reading, writing and speaking, and to reinforce grammar, in order to enable students to operate in a Spanish-speaking environment.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures, vocabulary and pronunciation relating to a selection of topics. Remedial work is carried out where necessary. Teaching materials will include reading passages from a variety of sources as well as topical and relevant audio and video material. Students are required to give short presentations, conduct brief interviews and write dialogues, reports and letters in Spanish. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0259: Spanish stage 4B (6 credits)
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0258
Aims & learning objectives:
A continuation of Spanish Stage 4A
Content:
A continuation of Spanish Stage 4A

ESML0260: Spanish stage 5A (post intermediate) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0261
Aims & learning objectives:
This course builds on the Spanish covered in Spanish Stage 4A and 4B in order to enhance the student's abilities in the four skill areas.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures, vocabulary and pronunciation. Teaching materials cover a wide range of cultural, political and social topics relating to Spain and may include short works of literature. There will be discussion in the target language of topics derived from teaching materials, leading to small-scale research projects based on the same range of topics and incorporating the use of press reports and articles as well as audio and visual material. Students are encouraged to devote time and energy to developing linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, for instance by additional reading and/or participating in informally arranged conversation groups and in events at which Spanish is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0262: Spanish stage 6A (advanced intermediate) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic: Foreign Language Centre
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX45 CW40 OR15
Requisites: Co ESML0263
Aims & learning objectives:
This course concentrates on the more advanced aspects of Spanish with continued emphasis on practical application of language skills in a relevant context, in order to refine further the student's abilities.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. There is continued further development of the pattern of work outlined in Spanish Stage 5A and 5B

ESML0439: Spanish Stage 7A (advanced) (6 credits)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
A course to consolidate, refine and enhance previous advanced knowledge of Spanish. Students will be able to improve their receptive and productive language skills in a variety of situations.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. Teaching materials cover a wide range of cultural, political and social topics relating to Spain and may include short works of literature. There will be discussion in the target language of topics derived from teaching materials, leading to small-scale research projects based on the same range of topics and incorporating the use of press reports and articles as well as audio and visual material. Students are encouraged to devote time and energy to developing linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, for instance by additional reading and/or participating in informally arranged conversation groups and in events at which Spanish is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

ESML0440: Spanish stage 7B (6 credits)
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Further consolidation and enhancement of the language already acquired in Spanish Stage 7A. Students will be able to practise and further improve their receptive and productive language skills in a variety of situations.
Content:
This unit contains a variety of listening, reading, speaking and writing tasks covering appropriate grammatical structures and vocabulary. Teaching materials cover a wide range of cultural, political and social topics relating to Spain and may include short works of literature. There will be discussion in the target language of topics derived from teaching materials, leading to small-scale research projects based on the same range of topics and incorporating the use of press reports and articles as well as audio and visual material. Students are encouraged to devote time and energy to developing linguistic proficiency outside the timetabled classes, for instance by additional reading and/or participating in informally arranged conversation groups and in events at which Spanish is spoken. Audio and video laboratories are available to augment classroom work.

MATH0116: Mathematical techniques 1
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic: Mathematics
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX85 CW15
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide students with a basic introduction to the mathematical skills necessary to tackle process engineering design applications.
Content:
Differentiation, integration. Revision of differentiation of logarithmic, exponential and inverse trignometrical functions. Revision of applications of integration including polar and parametric co-ordinates. Further calculus: Hyperbolic functions, Inverse functions, McLaurin's and Taylor's Theorems, Limits, Approximate methods including the solution of equations by Newton's method and integration by Simpsons rule. Partial differentials. Functions of several variables, small errors, totaldifferential Differential equations. Solution of first order equations using separation of variables and integrating factor. Linear equations with constant coefficients using trial method for particular integral. Simultaneous linear differential equations
* Further calculus: Hyperbolic functions, Inverse functions, McLaurin's and Taylor's theorem, Limits, Approximate methods, including solution of equations by Newton's method and integration by Simpson's rule
* Partial differentials: functions of several variables, Small errors, Total differential
* Differential equations: Solution of first order equations using separation of variables and integrating factor; Linear equations with constant coefficients using trial method for particular integral; Simultaneous linear differential equations.

UNIV0016: Thermodynamics & organic chemistry
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:

* To provide a good background to the type and structure of organic compounds used and produced on the process industries.
* To provide students with a basic understanding of chemical and engineering thermodynamics. After successfully completing this unit, the student should be able to:
* draw and interpret the structures of organic compounds and understand the important points of nomenclature,
* Understand the basic ideas of electronic structure and steric effects and be able to relate them to the reactivity of the common organic functional groups,
* Appreciate how important organic chemicals are produced industrially from simple, naturally occurring substances.
* define the First and Second Laws of thermodynamics
* appreciate the limitations and capabilities of systems that exchange heat and do work,
* calculate the composition of systems in chemical equilibrium,
* interpret thermodynamic diagrams and extract data from thermodynamic tables, and
* solve elementary problems relating to the performance of steam power cycles.
Content:

* Bonding and structure: atomic and molecular orbitals, hybridisation, shapes of molecules, functional groups.
* Alkanes: general properties, nomenclature, isomerism, natural sources, cycloalkanes, conformation, reactions - chlorination of methane, cracking.
* Alkenes: general properties, cis/ trans isomerism, addition reactions, Markovnikov vs. anti-Markovnikov addition, industrial uses of ethylene.
* Alkynes: basic properties.
* Stereochemistry: enantiomers, absolute configuration, R and S notation, diastereomers.
* Alcohols: nomenclature, industrially important alcohols.
* Aldehydes and ketones: basic properties, keto-enol tautomerism, reactions with nucleophiles and electrophiles, acetals / ketals, carbohydrates (briefly).
* Carboxylic acids and their derivatives: lipids, detergents.
* Introduction to benzene: Kekule's problem, molecular orbital theory of benzene, resonance stabilisation energy of benzene.
* Aromatic vs. alkene reactions, mechanism of electrophilic aromatic substitution, electrophilic substitution with monosubstitued benzene rings.
* Industrial preparation and uses of benzene, focus on phenol (industrial preparation), aromatic compounds and cancer.
* Polymer Chemistry: types of polymer, addition polymers and condensation polymers, formation of an addition polymer (polystyrene), formation of condensation polymers, nylon and bakelite.
* First Law for closed and open systems and its applications
* Internal energy, enthalpy, and heat capacities
* Spontaneous change and conditions of equilibrium for physical and chemical systems
* Thermodynamic functions including chemical potential
* Chemical equilibrium constant and relationship with Gibb's free energy
* Phase equilibria charts for P-v, T-s, and H-s
* Thermodynamic tables
* Vapour pressure, Clausius-Clapeyron equation
* Heat and work; reversibility
* Carnot's principle and second law of thermodynamics
* Carnot and Rankine cycles, without re-heat

UNIV0017: Further mathematical techniques & engineering drawing
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX45 CW15 OT40
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide students with a basic introduction in the mathematical skills necessary to tackle process engineering design and applications. To introduce the concept of random variation, and to show how to describe and model it. To teach students how to prepare outline engineering drawings and how to interpret drawings that they may encounter whilst working as a chemical or a bio-process engineer. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* deal with a number of relevant applications in data analysis
* describe equipment using standard drawing conventions (e.g. pumping circuit)
* prepare outline engineering drawings and sketches of process flow-sheets and process units,
* interpret mechanical drawings which they may encounter whilst working as chemical or biochemical engineers.
Content:

* Linear algebra: Determinants, Matrix algebra, Inverse, Partitioning, Systems of linear algebraic equations; Numerical methods, Solution of linear algebraic equation, Solution of non-linear equations by iterative methods
* Complex numbers: Argand diagram: Cartesian, polar and exponential forms, nth roots, Elementary functions of a complex variable.
* Statistics: Descriptive statistics, diagrams; mean, mode, median and standard deviation
* Elementary probability: including binomial, Poisson and normal distributions, Tests of significance, Linear regression
* Introduction to course, standards, orthographic projection, organisation of design office.
* Sectional drawings of process units and isometric views.
* Examples of process units e.g. storage tank, heat exchanger, distillation column.
* Examples of interpreting drawings of mechanical plant e.g. pumps, valves.
* Chemical engineering flow line diagram symbols; piping, instrumentation and control diagrams.
* Plan drawings of process plant showing equipment layout on the site.

UNIV0029: Instrumentation & control
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX70 CW30
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide an introduction to essential measurement techniques and transducers, chemical analysis, control equipment and basic concepts of control theory to enable students to construct successful process control strategies. To introduce standard procedures and symbols used in process definitions.
Content:
After taking this module the student should be able to: Identify and define the typical building blocks of a contolled loop. Select transducers for applications. Specify range and sensitivity. Calculate pump requirements. Select valves for applications. Size valves. Select instuments for chemical analysis. Propose control strategies and solutions. Construct P&ID. Reference British Standards. Implement safety features in control loop design. Syllabus: Requirements of a typical process control loop. Temperature measurement. Principles of temperature sensors and transducers. The Wheatstone bridge. Thermocouples, Platinum Resistance Thermometers, Thermistors, On/Off devices. Flow measurement. Use of Bernoulli's equation. Pitot tube. Orifice meter, nozzle, Venturi meter. Rotameters. Weirs as flow measuring devices (rectangular and triangular). Turbine, Moving Vane, Magnetic and Ultrasonic flow meters. Measurement of the flow rate of solids. Position measurement. Linear and rotary position sensors. DC and AC devices. Pressure measurement. Stress and strain. The Strain Gauge. Types of gauges. Using the strain gauge. Diaphragms. Bourdon tubes. Absolute pressure, gauge pressure, pressure head, static pressure, dynamic pressure.. Piezo-electric effect. Level measurement. On/Off devices. Light operated and ultrasonic discrete level Detection. Thermal sensing. Hydrostatic level sensing. Continuous level sensors. Resistive and capacitive transducers. Ultrasonic systems. Analytical chemical analysis. Qualitative and quantitative methods. Separation and determination. Single and multistage solvent extraction. Chromatography: liquid - solid, liquid - liquid, paper, thin layer. HPLC: gas - liquid, gas - solid. Electrophoresis. Ion exchange methods. Titrimetry; acid - base, redox, complexometric titrations. Electrodes and Bio-sensors. Optical (spectroscopic) methods: atomic (emission and absorption), molecular (infra-red and ultra-violet) spectra. Measuring instruments: pH, gas sensors. Final control elements. Globe valves, gate valves, diaphragm valves, butterfly valves and needle valves. Selection of valves. Valve sizing. Pneumatically and electrically operated control valve actuators. Pumping equipment. Centrifugal pumps - construction, operation, characteristic curves, pump selection, work performed, specific speed, cavitation, NPSH.. Positive displacement, Piston and diaphragm, Gear, Peristaltic, Mono, Air lift and Jet pumps. Safety. Piping & Instrumentation Drawings. Codes. British Standard Symbols.

UNIV0030: Process dynamics & control 2
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX90 PR10
Requisites: Pre UNIV0029
Aims & learning objectives:
To give students a basic understanding of process dynamics and simple control systems and their modelling by analytical methods. After successfully completing this unit the student should be able to:
* use Laplace Transform techniques to solve initial value problems
* describe the dynamic behaviour of first and second order systems to step, impulse and sine disturbances
* derive transfer functions for open-loop processes from transient mass or energy balances
* derive the transfer function for a PID controller
* derive transfer functions for closed-loop processes from the transfer functions of their individual units
* calculate the control parameters necessary to meet performance specifications on a closed-loop process from its transfer function
Content:
Introduction to process dynamics and control.
* Laplace transforms to solve initial value problems
* Step and impulse functions
* Transfer functions and frequency response
* State space representation .
* Transfer functions, linearisation, open-loop response
* First order and time-delay processes
* Block diagrams
* Controllers, final control elements, Control loop configuration
* Closed loop control
* Overall transfer function and transient response for servo and regular operation.

UNIV0031: Mathematical modelling 2
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX55 CW45
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce mathematical modelling techniques. To introduce numerical techniques for the solution of models arising in Chemical Engineering. To provide students with the ability to use a commercial flowsheeting simulation package (ASPEN) in their design projects. After successfully completing the unit students should be able to:
* develop realistic mathematical models of unit operations using MATLAB and ASPEN,
* understand the numerical methods employed in solving the equations of models and choose the most suitable method for a given application,
* analyse the results from modelling activities and so perform a sensitivity analysis.
Content:
Mathematical modelling techniques
* introduction to formulation of models; mass, energy and momentum balances
* application to reactor and distillation modelling
* Numerical Methods
* introduction to initial value problems
* numerical linear algebra
* stability
* boundary value problems Flowsheet simulation using ASPEN
* choice of thermodynamic, reactor and separator models
* convergence and tear streams
* design specifications and sensitivity analysis

UNIV0032: Mathematical modelling 3
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: OT80 CW20
Requisites: Pre UNIV0031
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide students with an ability to formulate mathematical models of dynamic systems typical of chemical engineering as systems of differential equations and to solve these models numerically. After successfully completing this unit the student should:
* be able to choose numerical methods suitable for the solution of non-linear second order elliptic and parabolic partial differential equations with given initial and boundary values and systems of non-linear first order ordinary differential equations with suitable initial conditions.
* be able to formulate mathematical models which describe dynamic chemical processes in the time domain and assign boundary and initial conditions.
* be able to solve the problems formulated using MATLAB.
Content:
Mathematics of p.d.e.s and numerical solutions
* Mathematics of linear p.d.e.s, the p.d.e., b.c. and i.c. as a system, classification of system into elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic.
* solution by finite difference methods, method of characteristics, stability.
* Non-linear problems and their solution by the above methods.
* The concept of finite elements for the heat conduction problem.
* Examples: solution of a heterogeneous catalysis problem in slab or cylinder geometry with non-linear kinetics, adsorption waves in a column with non-linear isotherm. Modelling with o.d.e.s, simulation of non-linear problem sets
* Equation formulation, use of constraints. Selection of initial and boundary conditions.
* Conversion of equations into MATLAB programmes. Methods of debugging.
* Examples from reaction engineering and separation: simultaneous reactions in a bath reactor - bioreaction metabolic engineering problem, catalysis in a tubular reactor, adsorption in a column.

XXXX0006: Approved unit(s)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Topic:
Level: Level 1
Assessment:
Requisites:
This pseudo-unit indicates that you are allowed to choose other unit(s), up to 6 credits, from around the University subject to the normal constraints such as staff availability, timetabling restrictions, and minimum and maximum group sizes. You should make sure that you indicate your actual choice of units when requested to do so. Details of the University's Catalogue can be seen on the University's Home Page.