Unit Catalogue - Engineering & Applied Science

CHEL0072: Information Technology & Computing
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: PR80 OT20
Requisites: Ex CHEL0002
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the basic personal skills required by a professional scientist/engineer. After taking successfully completing this unit the student should be able to: Take notes and listen effectively. Structure and prepare written reports in an approved format. Adopt a stuctured approach to solve problems. Recognise personal strengths and weaknesses in themselves and others. Perform as a team member. Collate and interpret information to make well-structured formal presentations. Recognise the personal attributes required by industry. Prepare Application Forms Use basic techniques to enhance personal presentation during an interview. Use word processors and spreadsheets, and be able to integrate their use in the writing of reports and presentations. Perform basic statistical and error analysis of experimental data. Use the Library facilities. Be able to access the intra- and inter-net.
Content:
Personal skills required by a professional engineer. Listening and note-taking techniques. Written communication skills and report structure. Team structure. Teamwork. Teamwork practice. Effective technical presentations. Structure, style and delivery. Application Forms. Structure and content. Form completion practice. Solve numerical problems using a spreadsheet package. Prepare documents and presentations using a appropriate packages. Use the campus network and the world wide web for e-mail and data and information retrieval. Use the Library facilities. Basic statistical and error analysis.

ELEC0004: Electronic devices & circuits
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce students to the electrical properties of semiconductor materials, based on atomic and crystal structure. To develop the behaviour of electronic components formed from the semiconductor materials. To provide the design techniques for incorporating these devices into electronic circuits. At the end of this module students should be able to: understand and explain the basis of electrical conduction in materials and devices and use this to explain the circuit behaviour of semiconductor devices; to design practical circuits based on these devices, such as rectifier circuits, small signal amplifiers, etc.
Content:
Atomic theory: atoms, crystals, energy band structure and diagrams, electrical conduction in solids. Semiconductors: intrinsic, p & n type doping, extrinsic semiconductors, conduction processes (drift and diffusion). Devices: p-n junctions, metal-semiconductor junctions, bipolar junction transistors, field effect transistors, p-n-p-n devices. Circuits: diode circuits, rectification, clamping and limiting, thyristors and controlled rectification. BJT circuits, biasing, amplifier configurations, FET circuits. General principles of amplification: small signal equivalent circuits, frequency response.

ELEC0078: Instrumentation & measurement
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide an introduction to measurement, instrumentation and signal processing using analogue and digital techniques. After taking this Unit the student should be able to: (i) match an indicating instrument or data recorder to a given signal source and estimate the accuracy of the indicated output; (ii) select a suitable transducer type for a particular measurement application (iii) obtain signals from the human body, using non-invasive techniques (iv) describe the shielding and guarding techniques that are necessary to keep extraneous signals in the environment from affecting the signals in a measurement system.
Content:
Measurement of voltage, current and power using moving coil and digital instruments. Intelligent instrumentation using computers. Explanation of matching of instruments to signal sources. Explanation of concepts of accuracy, linearity and repeatability of measurements. Long term recording of data using storage scope, magnetic tape and paper charts. Transducer types for temperature, displacement, pressure and force and fluid flow. Signal amplification; amplifier types, signal buffers, instrumentation amplifiers and active filters. Amplifier errors and drift. Measurement of signals from the human body using skin electrodes with isolation amplifiers. Brief description of guarding and shielding techniques.

ENAP0009: Metals & alloys
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites: Pre ENAP0002
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce the principles of alloy constitution and show their application to the thermal and mechanical treatment of engineering alloys. On completion, the student should be able to: identify common types of alloy phase, their characteristics and their interactions; interpret simple binary phase diagrams; describe and explain the effects of commercial heat treatments on steels and light alloys.
Content:
Microstructure of metals, grain refinement, influence of grain size on mechanical properties, the Petch equation; microstructural and mechanical effects of cold-working and annealing; applications and limitations of pure metals. Alloys: Solid solutions, factors determining solubility, effect of composition on properties, intermediate phases and phase structure. Phase diagrams of binary systems, invariant reactions, precipitation from solution. Equilibrium microstructures in simple systems of commercial interest; Al-Si, Cu-Ni, Cu-Zn, Cu-Al, Fe-C, cast irons. Departures from equilibrium, coring and undercooling. Normalised and annealed steels. Non-equilibrium structures; age-hardening systems, steels, quenching and hardenability, tempering, selected alloy steels.

ENAP0010: Electronic structure & materials properties
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Pre [Mat. Sci. 1st Yr.] or[ Maths A level and(Chemistry A level or Physics A level)] Aims & learning objectives:
To provide a coherent quantum-mechanical treatment of the behaviour and role of electrons in solids. To introduce the concepts of: wave-particle duality; quantum mechanical uncertainty and wave functions. To provide a quantum mechanical description of bonding and electrical conduction in solids.
Content:
Classical theory of electrical conduction in metals, Ohm's Law, thermal conductivity, electronic specific heat and the failure of classical theory. DeBroglie wave length, wave-particle duality, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, Schroedinger wave equation. Electrons in an infinite potential well, quantum states, quantum numbers, energy levels, density of states, the free electron model, Fermi energy, k-space, the Fermi surface. Properties of free electron metals. Qualitative solution of the Schroedinger equation for hydrogen, wave functions and quantum numbers; atomic orbitals. Bonding between atoms; linear combination of atomic orbitals; hybridisation; s and p bonds; delocalisation; structure of molecules. Students must have A-level Mathematics and A-level Physics or Chemistry in order to undertake this unit.

ENAP0011: Mechanical properties of materials
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites: Pre ENAP0007
Aims & learning objectives:
To extend the mathematical description of the effects of loads upon materials, and to relate their mechanical behaviour to their internal structures. On completion, the student should be able to: convert between tensor and orthodox descriptions of elastic behaviour; characterise time-dependent effects in the deformation of materials; recognise the interaction of time and temperature effects.
Content:
Elasticity: cohesion and bonding, energy-distance curves and Hooke's Law, departures from linear elastic behaviour, elastic properties derived from bond energies. Elasticity theory of crystals, stress and strain tensors, elastic anisotropy, symmetry. Elastically isotropic solids, technical elastic moduli, measurement of moduli. Anelasticity: cyclic stressing and internal friction. thermoelastic effect, Snoek effect, other mechanisms. Specific damping capacity, logarithmic decrement, loss tangent. Viscoelasticity: viscous flow, linear viscoelasticity, spring and dashpot models. Creep and stress relaxation behaviour. Physical mechanisms of viscoelastic behaviour. The glass transition temperature. Time-temperature superposition, master curves for creep compliance and stress relaxation modulus. Effect of molecular architecture and chemical composition on viscoelastic properties. Dynamic viscoelasticity, the complex modulus, dynamic loading of Voigt and Maxwell models, standard linear solid and generalised models, master curves. Moduli and loss tangent as functions of frequency and temperature. Inter-relation of viscoelastic parameters. The effect of polymer structure and crystallinity on dynamic behaviour, mechanical spectroscopy. Non-linear viscoelastic behaviour.

ENAP0012: Materials processing 2
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX60 CW20 PR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To extend the student's knowledge of processing / structure / property relationships in materials, in particular to include polymer and ceramic processing. On completion, the student should be able to: assess materials processing routes using objective criteria such as production rate, dimensional accuracy, flexibility; be aware of techniques for the surface modification of materials.
Content:
Polymer Processing; Newtonian and power flow, Poiseuille equation, rheometry. Injection moulding and extrusion of thermoplastics, die design and quality control, blow moulding, calendering and pressure forming of polymer sheet. Transfer and pressure moulding of filled and unfilled thermosetting and thermoplastic polymers. Ceramic processing: production of powders: purity control, cold and hot compacting, sintering. Relative merits of powder methods for metals and ceramics.

ENAP0013: Ceramics & glasses
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites: Pre ENAP0002
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce the application of constitutional and kinetic principles to the manufacture and exploitation of ceramics and inorganic glasses. On completion, the student should be able to: understand the nature of ceramics and glasses on the basis of their structures and properties; describe the relationship between various classes of ceramics and their applications.
Content:
Classification of Ceramics. What is a ceramic? Revision of crystal structures and forces with specific reference to the scientifically and technologically important ceramic materials. Source of ceramic materials and production methods. General properties of ceramics, mechanical, chemical, thermal, optical, magnetic and electrical. The nature of brittle ceramics and the use of statistics for mechanical design. Classification of ceramics, traditional, refractories, advanced ceramics, both structural and functional to include examples of technological importance. Strengthening and toughening of ceramics. Precursor materials, powder manufacture and powder processing. Ceramic forming methods, wet and dry. Drying of ceramic powder compacts. Densification and sintering, both solid and liquid phase. Hot pressing. Reaction bonding. Pyrolytic deposition. Use of phase diagrams. Structural chemistry of the common glasses. Networks and network modifiers. The glass transition temperature, viscosity, thermal optical and electrical properties. Special glasses, their technology and use. Electrical properties, ionic and electronic conduction, Switching glasses. Lenses, fibre optics, thermal and mechanical properties, glass to metal seals. Stress relief, toughened glass, surface effects, ion exchange and implantation. Composite applications. Glass ceramics.

ENAP0014: Polymers
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites: Pre ENAP0002
Pre Mathematics AS Level or MATH0103 and MATH0104; and Chemistry AS Level or CHEY0056 and CHEY0057 Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce the principles of polymer science with particular emphasis on those aspects relevant to polymers as practical engineering materials.
Content:
Homopolymers, copolymers,linear, crosslinked, tacticity, plastics, rubbers, fibres, molecular weight. The versatility of polymers the length of chains: molecular weight Molecular weight definitions, determination molecular motion & the glass transition Glass transition temperature effect of structure. Molecular motion: nature of vitrification Viscoelasticity effect of temperature rate and structure - Crystallinity. Morphology effect of molecular structure Where do polymers come from? - polymerisation Polymerisation classification. Examples and mechanisms of step and chain polymerisation. Kinetics of radical polymerisation Step polymerisation. Carothers equation. Molecular weight distribution, copolymer equation. The dramatic properties of rubber Elastomers. Chemical nature, vulcanisation Stereospecific polymerisation, kinetic theory of rubber elasticity The environmental dimension Additives. Fillers, plasticisers, antistatic agents. Degradation: thermal, ultra-violet, stabilisers.

ENAP0015: Physical methods of analysis
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites: Pre ENAP0010
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce the physical principles employed in a variety of instrumental techniques for materials analysis, particularly those based on diffraction and on spectroscopy. On completion, the student should be able to: describe methods of forming an image by electromagnetic waves; recognise the scope and limitations of optical and electron microscopy in their various forms; discuss the interactions which take place when a material is exposed to electromagnetic radiation or high energy electrons how these can be used to establish the chemical composition or structure of the material .
Content:
Electromagnetic waves: e-m spectrum, generation of e-m waves. Lasers. Polarization. Superposition of waves, interference. Huygens' wave construction, diffraction from a single aperture, diffraction grating. Optical Microscopy: resolving power, depth of field, lens aberrations. Spectroscopy: emission and absorption spectra. Optical, infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy. X-ray fluorescence analysis. Electron Microscopy and Analysis: Electron waves, interaction of electrons with matter. Transmission electron microscope.. Electron diffraction, analysis of diffraction patterns. Methods of specimen preparation, applications. Scanning electron microscope, resolving power, image contrast. Applications. Electron probe microanalysis, Detection of X-rays, X-ray spectrometers and solid state detectors, qualitative analysis, applications. Surface analysis techniques: Auger analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

ENAP0016: Dissertation 2B
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES80 OR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide a self-instruction exercise in the seeking, retrieval, organisation and presentation of information in a technological field. On completion, the student should be able to: write an extended critical discussion of a given subject area; make an oral presentation of the relevant material.
Content:
An introduction to an essential research technique - the retrieval and assessment of information from the scientific literature. Each student is assigned a specific subject area and with the help of a supervisor prepares an extended essay based on a critical review of the literature. An oral presentation is to be made at a conference within the School.

ENAP0017: Physical properties of materials
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX60 CW20 PR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce the methods of statistical mechanics. To provide a coherent explanation of the thermal properties of crystalline electrically insulating solids. To explain the magnetic and dielectric properties of materials and their optimization for particular engineering applications.
Content:
Thermal Properties: Elements of statistical mechanics, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution: introduction to lattice vibrations, quantisation. Debye temperature, specific heat, thermal conductivity, phonons, thermal expansion. Magnetic Properties: Dipole moment of atomic orbitals, quantisation, dipole moment of atoms in solids, spin-orbit coupling, orbital quenching, crystalline field anisotropy, exchange, spontaneous magnetisation, ferromagnetism. Magnetocrystalline anisotropy, magnetisation energy, domains, Bloch walls, magnetisation process, hysteresis, domain wall pinning, soft and hard materials. Permanent magnets and transformer cores. Ferrimagnetism, ferrites magnetic recording. Dielectrics: Dielectric constant, dielectric breakdown. Capacitors, Ferroelectricity, properties of perovskite dielectrics, piezoelectricity, applications and materials. Pyro-electricity, infrared detection.

ENAP0018: Dislocations & deformation processes
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To describe the principal characteristics of points defect and dislocations and illustrate their behaviour during the deformation of materials. On completion the student should be able to describe the principal types of point and line defects; understand how they move and interact; relate aspects of macroscopic material deformation properties to microscopic defect behaviour.
Content:
Imperfections in crystals. Point defects in elements and compounds, thermodynamics of point defects, diffusion mechanisms and non-equilbrium point defects. Influence of point defects on materials properties. Theoretical shear stress. Geometry of dislocations, the Burgers vector and Burgers circuit, edge, screw and mixed dislocations. Deformation of single crystals and Schmidt factor. Force acting on a dislocation and Peierls Nabarro stress. Elastic properties of dislocations, strain energy and line tension. Dislocations in FCC crystals, perfect and imperfect dislocations. High temperature creep and mechanisms of creep. Origin of dislocations, point defect condensations and Frank-Read source. Barriers to dislocations, vacancy hardening, work hardening, solution hardening and precipitation hardening of alloys.

ENAP0020: Engineering materials chemistry
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites: Pre ENAP0004
Aims & learning objectives:
This unit, which builds on principles established in MATE0004 (Materials Chemistry), aims to introduce the thermodynamic and kinetic basis for the understanding of structural changes in materials, and of material / environment interactions. On completion, the student should have detailed knowledge and understanding of: the thermodynamics of oxidation-reduction reactions, equilibria between binary phases, binary phase diagrams, stability of phases in thermodynamic terms.
Content:
The unit is divided into the following sections (with approximate durations): 1. Advanced thermodynamics including(5 lectures) solution thermodynamics 2. Derivation and interpretation of Gibbs' phase rule(5 lectures) 3. Ellingham diagrams for oxides(4 lectures) 4. Surface physical chemistry (3 lectures) 5. Diffusion (3 lectures) 6. Phase transformations, including nucleation and kinetics(4 lectures).

ENAP0021: Project dissertation
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES80 OR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide a thorough preparation for the final year experimental project. On completion, the student should be able to: write an extended literature review in the field of his project, and define its objectives; present a detailed experimental programme to achieve these objectives; make an oral presentation based on the above.
Content:
An introduction to the planning of a research programme. Each student is assigned a specific project, and with the help of a supervisor prepares an extended critical review of the literature, and plans an experimental programme in the relevant area.

ENAP0022: Materials selection in engineering design
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To co-ordinate previous studies of structural materials, first by an introduction to the classes of engineering materials followed by consideration of composite materials. Examination of the selection of materials for real engineering applications follows. On completion, the student should be able to: describe the various types of engineering materials, fibre composites, their manufacture and characteristics; discuss theoretical models for strength and stiffness of composites; describe the overall process of engineering design, and the place in it of materials selection; deduce from standard test results the materials information required for design; analyse materials requirements and propose solutions to the selection problem in specified design situations.
Content:
Introduction to engineering materials, composites and their applications in engineering. Nature of engineering materials, of fibre composite materials, manufacturing processes, elastic behaviour; elements of classical thin laminate theory, strength, toughness; the use of commercial software for designing with composites. The design process; the designer and materials selection. Design aspects of elastic properties, strength and fracture toughness. Design procedures for creep in metals and plastics, extrapolation methods. Fatigue, master diagrams for design purposes, damage accumulation laws, application of fracture mechanics, designing against fatigue. Non-destructive evaluation of materials and component quality. Selection of a manufacturing process. Formalised procedures for materials selection.

ENAP0023: Surfaces & interfaces
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX50 CW50
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
This course is concerned with a number of advanced topics in materials science loosely centered on the practically important phenomenon of adhesion. It is designed to encourage students to integrate their knowledge and understanding of other units throughout the Materials Science course and to give them experience of reading orginal literature. They will be given the opportunity to develop their own views and through seminars to present them orally to their peers.
Content:
Ideal surfaces, practical surfaces of engineering materials. Interfacial forces, van der Waals forces, polar interactions. Surface analysis: X.P.S., S.I.M.S. Adhesion: strength of an adhesive bond, mechanical properties. Study of some original literature in the area of interfaces, polymers and adhesion, and its implications for the nature of scientific knowledge.

ENAP0024: Degradation of engineering materials
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites: Pre ENAP0004, Pre ENAP0020
Aims & learning objectives:
Building on MATE0024 (Materials Chemistry), and developing ideas covered in MATE0020 (Engineerimg Materials Chemistry), the aim of this unit is to cover key aspects of the degradation of engineering materials, mainly metals and alloys but also ceramics and polymers. The main degradation processes considered are thermal, physico-chemical and particle / wave irradiation. The effects of these degradation processes on materials properties are considered. Method of protection are also described. On completion students should have detailed understanding and knowledge of the degradation of engineering materials, and how degradation impacts on the processing and use of materials in engineering applications.
Content:
The unit is divided into the following sections (with approximate durations): 1. Degradation of metals and alloys: Cool aqueous corrosion(12 lectures) Hot corrosion(4 lectures) 2. Degradation of ceramics:(4 lectures) 3. Degradation of polymers:(4 lectures) 4. Case study:(2 lectures incorporated into one of the above sections).

ENAP0025: Materials engineering
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To make the student aware of issues of current scientific and professional interest across the field of materials engineering. On completion, the student should be able to: discuss critically, topics of current interest, identifying their underlying principles and commenting upon their significance, both technical and social.
Content:
Research Colloquia. This part of the course consists of talks by experts in their fields on advanced aspects of the science and engineering of materials which complement and extend the more formal curriculum of the lecture courses.

ENAP0026: Project
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: PR80 OR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide experience in the performance of an extended research programme, involving assimilation of the relevant literature, planning and execution of experimental work, analysis of results, and the drawing and reporting of conclusions. On completion, the student should be able to: exploit information sources to familiarise himself with a new subject area; identify critical parameters in an experiment, measure and analyse them; recognise and account for factors limiting the precision of experimental measurements; write an extended report in acceptable style describing his findings; make a clear oral presentation of the project.
Content:
The student will carry out an experimental research project which is timetabled for one full day per week. This will be done under the guidance of a member of staff. In many cases the project will be part of a wider programme involving graduate students and research staff, so that the student will gain experience of research team work.

ENAP0027: Environmental studies: A crisis in material resources? B
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX75 CW25
Requisites: Co ENGR0001
Aims & learning objectives:
To achieve an understanding of environmental aspects of the science and technology of engineering materials, to use this knowledge to illuminate the broad questions as to whether there is an environmental 'crisis', whether there are limits to growth, and whether there can be sustainable development, and to develop defensible positions on these issues.
Content:
Engineering materials feature strongly in many environmental conflicts and debates. The development of civilization and wealth creation depend on the availability of raw materials resources. The global distribution of these resources is uneven and historically it has led to territorial and financial disputes. The extraction of materials by mining and quarrying leaves physical scars on a monumental scale and there are often additional problems of environmental contamination and subsidence which result from these activities. The purification of raw materials and manufacturing processes cause a wide spectrum of environmental problems including atmospheric pollution and poisoning of water courses. At the end of the useful life of manufactured objects the potential for recycling must be considered to minimise environmental impact. Topics will be examined within the framework of:
* The environmental issue or concern
* Materials considerations
* Environmental outcome Examples of topics: materials resources, materials properties, glass, cement, asbestos, metals, environmental degradation, polymers Seminar programme combined with a student extended essay to encourage students to integrate the syllabus content and to develop their own views on the relation between environmental science and the wider social and economic context.

ENAP0030: Introduction to materials for sports science
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To understand the science underlying the use of materials in applications used in sport. To appreciate the nature of the physical stresses imposed on materials, both natural and artificial, and how the materials react to stresses. To explore the use of high technology advanced materials in sports applications.
Content:
An introduction to mechanical properties: the nature of elastic stress and elastic strain. The elastic limit. Types of stress and strain. Elastic compliance. Plastic deformation and fracture. Energy absorption during loading and fracture, energy release. Specific stress and specific strain. Compare and contrast metals, ceramics and polymers as sporting materials. The limitations of homogeneous materials. Composite materials and why they are used in sport. The law of mixtures for composite materials. Natural and artificial composites; several examples of each, outlining the structure and properties. Comparison of natural composites ( wood, bone, skin etc) with artificial composites. Case studies of sports equipment , e.g. sport shoes, football studs, racquets, vaulting pole, sports bicycle; the method of construction and the performance advantages that ensue.

ENAP0032: Industrial training
Academic Year
Credits: 60
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment:
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objective: Please see the Director of Studies for more detailed information about the Aims & Learning Objectives of the Industrial training year.

ENAP0037: Semiconductor microtechnology
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide detailed coverage of the science and technology exploited in semiconductor electronic devices. On completion, the student should be able to: treat quantitatively the electrical characteristics of semiconducting materials and simple devices; describe the manufacture and characteristics of semiconductor devices and have a quantitative appreciation of the limitations imposed and effects caused by impurities and materials imperfections.
Content:
Revision of nearly-free electron model, electron effective mass, electrons and holes, contact potentials. Intrinsic semiconductors; Fermi level, carrier concentration, mobility, conductivity, temperature dependence, recombination and trapping, carrier diffusion. Extrinsic semiconductors; P type and N type impurities, Fermi level, carrier concentration, conductivity, temperature dependence. The P-N junction; 'built-in potential', carrier diffusion, depletion layer, forward and reverse bias. The junction transistor, field effect transistor, semiconductor surface potentials, surface effect devices, other simple semiconductor devices. Crystal purification and growth, epitaxy. Doping and dopant profiles. Oxidation and photolithography. Metallization and packaging. Very large scale integration (VLSI), MOS (metal-oxide-semiconductor) and bipolar technologies. Photoemissive materials and devices. Light emitting diodes, photoconductivity and devices. Semi-conductor lasers.

ENAP0053: Composites/fracture of materials
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites: Pre ENAP0011
Aims & learning objectives:
(a) The course introduces the theory and practice of reinforcement of a matrix material with a stiff secondary phase, with the emphasis on fibre-reinforced plastics. The student will be able to appreciate and model how the properties of the composite can be predicted from the properties of the constituent materials. Micro-mechanics of stress transfer and fracture will be included as well as the estimation of macroscopic behaviour and manufacturing methods. (b) To present a detailed treatment of the micro-mechanisms of fracture. conditions; develop the understanding of fracture mechanics and its use in design of engineering materials, prediction of fatigue parameters. Use concepts of fracture mechanics and probability to account for the strengths of brittle materials.
Content:
(a) History and categorization of composites into particle- and fibre-reinforced systems. Nature of fibre reinforcement (glass, carbon, Kevlar and whiskers) and matrix materials (thermosets, thermoplastics and metal alloys). Comparison of mechanical properties with other engineering materials. Longitudinal and transverse moduli of FRPs, Rule of Mixtures, determination of modulus of elasticity at any angle. Strength of composites parallel and perpendicular to fibres, Krenchel coefficients. Load transfer in composites, interfacial shear, critical fibre lengths, critical aspect ratio. Inter-laminar shear strength. Toughness of composites, Cook-Gordon effect, fracture energy of cross-laminated composites. Fatigue and creep of composites, S-N curves, residual strength, damage mechanisms. Engineering applications for composites, fabrication, joining and repair. Designing with composites, application of software. (b) Effect of cyclic loading, structural changes and appearance of fracture surfaces, the fatigue limit, crack initiation and growth. Mechanics and physics of fracture: theoretical cleavage strength, the real strength of brittle solids, the conditions for ductile/brittle transition; Griffith's treatment of fracture, Orowan's extension. Stress concentration and distribution at the tip of cracks. Fracture mechanics, critical stress intensity and strain energy release rate. Plane strain and plane stress, KIc as an engineering design parameter, measurement of KIc. Fatigue and life prediction. Statistical analysis of failure in brittle materials, flaw-size distributions, weakest link model. Environmental effects, slow crack growth, K/V diagrams, environmental stress cracking. Fracture mechanisms and fracture appearances, micro-mechanisms, fracture maps

ENAP0055: Properties of materials - laboratory unit 1
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop practical and organisational skills for research. To introduce the principles of report writing and materials properties. On completion, the student should be able to produce structured laboratory reports on engineering properties, microstrucutre, corrosion and fracture behaviour of materials in hand-written or computer format.
Content:
Introduction to writing laboratory reports including presentation, structure, style and treatment of experimental results. Demonstration of workshop practice. A series of 4 laboratory practicals, working in groups of 2-4 students which introduce the following aspects of materials properties:
* Engineering Properties
* Microscopy
* Corrosion
* Fracture

ENAP0057: Characterisation of materials- laboratory unit 3
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop the principles of characterisation of materials, analysis of results, report writing using computer packages and develop practical and organisational skills for research. On completion the student should be able to interpret materials characterisation data and produce structured laboratory reports using standard computer packages (e.g. Excel and Word).
Content:
A series of 4 laboratory practicals, working in groups of 2-4 students which introduce the concepts of characterisation of materials namely:
* Metallography
* Characterisation of Polymers
* Electrical Properties of Materials
* Spectroscopy

ENAP0061: Aerospace Materials
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
This unit is only for students registered on engineering or science degrees. Aims & learning objectives:
The aim of the unit is to give engineering students an understanding of the nature of aerospace materials and how this determines their successful application in aerospace structures and machines. The learning objectives will include:-
*An appreciation of the properties of engineering materials and how they arise.
*An understanding of key areas of manufacturing technology which allow fabrication of the critical engineering component.
*The importance of the correct choice of material and the factors limiting the service life of the component.
*The significance of the manufacturing route in determining the economics and engineering viability of the component.
*Methods for fault detection and life prediction.
Content:
Introduction, history and classification of aerospace materials. Materials for airframes-Aluminium Alloys; manufacturing route, heat treatments, properties, joining techniques. Titanium Alloys. Super-plastic forming. Diffusion bonding. Production, properties and applications Stainless and Maraging steels. Properties, fabrication and applications. Alloys and components for aeroengines. Manufacturing processes, properties, applications and failure modes. Steel, Titanium alloys, Honeycombs, High temperature alloys. Polycrystalline, directionally solidified and single crystal blades. Future technology. Thermal barrier coatings. Principles, processing and performance. Long Fibre Composites. Critical Fibre length. Aerospace manufacturing processes. Types of fibre and matrix. Composite honeycombs. Composites and design. Comparison of carbon fibre composites and aluminium alloys. Laminate analysis/ design. Material coupling. Failure criteria (strength and stiffness). Repair Systems. Metal matrix Composites. Degradation processes and control. NDT, its role in quality control and in in-service inspection of aircraft. Review of types of defect found in aircraft and their hazards. X-ray inspection, sources, recording, sensitivity, radiation safety. Dye penetrant crack detection. Ultrasonic testing, ultrasonic wave propagation and reflection. Transducers, coupling. A-scan, b-scan, c-scan, shear wave and surface wave inspection techniques. Electrical methods, eddy current, potential drop, magnetic methods. Special inspection problems posed by composite materials. "The ageing aircraft programme".

ENAP0063: Introduction to engineering materials
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To study the physical and chemical principles involved in determining the nature and properties of engineering materials. To introduce the classification of materials as metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers and composites. After taking this unit the student should be able to: Describe the classification of materials; relate key properties of materials to their applications in sports equipment.
Content:
A description of the fundamental differences between the different engineering materials . The development of mechanical, electrical and chemical properties and how these govern the use, application and service life of the materials. The methods of manufacture and joining of materials, their relative costs and cost effectiveness. Joining: fusion and solid state processes, brazing and soldering, adhesive bonding. Quality control during processing. Processing methods for ceramics and glass. The advantages and disadvantages of composites. Factors which determine the mechanical and chemical failure of materials. Case studies.

ENAP0064: Materials & manufacture
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To undertake a course which will enable the student to appreciate the nature of manufacturing processes and how they differ according to the type of material, the nature of the component being manufactured and the number of items required. The course will be illustrated with case studies and during the course each student will be allocated his own design and manufacturing case study. After taking this Unit the student should be able to: Select from a range of basic manufacturing processes those suitable for particular sports products and associated materials.
Content:
An overview of materials used in the manufacture of sports equipment. The importance of melting point and chemical stability. Near net shaping and the influence of strength and ductility on the manufacturing process. The forming of plastics, thermoplastics and their use. Strengthening of plastics by additions of powders, fibres and wires. The use of composites and their manufacturing routes. Adhesives and sealants. Case studies.

ENAP0065: Sports applications laboratory
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW60 ES20 OT20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Students will be involved in the practical and theoretical studies of the techniques, strategies, technology and organisation of sports. They will have the opportunity to become involved with a number of sports from the perspective of the player, technologist and manager.
Content:
At the beginning of the course each student will set his/her targets and choose the sports in which he/she will become involved from the wide selection available. Each sport will be analysed in terms of performance, rules and regulations, strategy, equipment, training methods, organisation and competition. A dissertation will be produced at the end of the semester and the student will give a short presentation of his work to his/her peers.

ENAP0066: Introduction to sports engineering & technology
Semester 1
Credits: 3
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce sports technology as a diverse and complex subject which encompasses, engineering, science, technology and the humanities. To enable students to experience a range of lectures which will give them an overview of the nature of the industry and commerce associated with sport which will enable them to relate the various themes of the course. After taking this Unit the student should be able to: Describe the scope of the subject and the interactions required for successful implementation and management of the industry.
Content:
The nature of sport and competition. The organisation of sport and the means by which it is regulated. The origin of sport as we know it and the use of rules and regulations to generate competition. The facilities required for sport and the development of sports equipment. Sports Stadia and Gymnasiums, tracks and pools. Management of large operations. Safety of large crowds. The equipment used in sport, its demands and performance. The design and manufacture of equipment. Case studies. Injuries, biomaterials and repairs. The human performance. Monitoring of performance and its limits.The psychology of sport and its ramifications on society. The influence of sport on technology and its use in other activities (e.g. military and civil aviation, medicine and fitness monitoring).

ENAP0067: Solid body mechanics 1
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 PR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce the fundamental principles of statics, kinematics and dynamics as applied in a sports engineering context. To develop judgement in system description and modelling. After taking this unit the student should be able to: Understand the nature of statical determinacy and free body diagrams; analyse pin-jointed frames; formulate and solve equations of motion; apply Newton's laws to problems of non-constant acceleration; calculate work done by forces; understand power, efficiency, kinetic and potential energy of a system; find stresses and strains for simple cases of loading.
Content:
Two Dimensional Section properties; Statical determinacy; free body diagrams; pin-jointed frames and levers; Friction; Newton's laws and particle motion; Work and energy; Impulse, Momentum.and Coefficient of Restitution; Stress and strain. Associated Laboratory experiments: Braking force measurement in cycle brake calipers; Measurement of restitution for common bat and ball sports equipment; Build and test of a spaceframe bicycle structure.

ENAP0068: Applied mechanics 1
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 PR20
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To understand basic mathematical techniques and the concepts of differential and integral calculus. Grasp the fundamental principles of statics, kinematics and dynamics. To appreciate the mathematical techniques used to describe the response of materials to applied loads.
Content:
Basic principles of differential and integral calculus. 2-D Section properties; Statical determinacy; free body diagrams; pin-jointed frames and levers; Friction; Newton's laws and particle motion; Work and energy; Impulse, Momentum.and Restitution; Stress and strain. Associated Laboratory experiments: Braking force measurement in cycle brake calipers; Measurement of restitution for common bat and ball sports equipment; Build and test of a spaceframe bicycle structure.

ENAP0069: Applied mechanics 2
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites: Pre ENAP0068
Aims & learning objectives:
Gain further understanding of the fundamental principles of mechanics. Understand engineering bending and torsion theories. Also understand the concepts of rotary motion, rotary power and geared transmission systems. After taking this unit the student should be able to: Calculate shear forces, bending moments and deflections in simple beams. Determine the shear stress and twist of bars in torsion and moments of inertia for simple shapes; Calculate torque and angular speed reductions in transmission systems; Determine velocity and accelerations in simple mechanisms.
Content:
Simple bending theory; slope and deflection of beams. . Moments of inertia; Simple torsion Rotational motion; Geared transmission systems.; Analysis of linkage mechanisms. Associated Laboratory Programme: Torque measurement in a bicycle transmission system. Measurement of velocity & accelerations in simple linkages; Buckling loads in struts.

ENAP0070: Solid body mechanics 2
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX80 PR20
Requisites: Pre ENAP0067
Aims & learning objectives:
Gain further understanding of the fundamental principles of mechanics. Understand engineering simple bending and torsion theories. Also understand the concepts of rotary motion, rotary power and geared transmission systems . After taking this Unit the student should be able to: Calculate shear forces, bending moments and deflections in simple beams. Determine the shear stress and twist of bars in torsion and moments of inertia for simple shapes; Calculate torques and angular speeds in transmission systems; Determine velocity and accelerations in simple mechanisms.
Content:
Simple bending theory; slope and deflection of beams. . Moments of inertia; Simple torsion Rotational motion; Geared transmission systems.; Analysis of linkage mechanisms. Associated Laboratory Programme: Torque measurement in a bicycle transmission system. Measurement of velocity & accelerations in simple linkages; Buckling loads in struts.

ENAP0071: Design & manufacture
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Pre ENGR0006
Aims & learning objectives:
To introduce the component elements of design. To provide an introduction to manufacturing processes. To enable the student to become acquainted with the basic principles of design and the design process. To provide a holistic view of the process and decisions to be taken in real design problems. After taking this Unit the student should be able to: Identify the necessary major elements in a design. Develop a partial requirement specification from a design brief. Analyse a problem and select a solution from a range of alternatives. Produce concept sketches. Produce detailed drawings of components to ensure that they perform the desired function and can be manufactured. Select from an extending range of traditional manufacturing processes.
Content:
The design process; principles of design; design decisions. Elements and devices to provide engineering functions: to include drives, motion control and power transmission systems. Commonly used manufacturing processes.

ENGR0006: Introduction to design
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To investigate and determine the needs of various sports equipment and facilities through case studies. To introduce students to the concept of functional requirements, aesthetics and visual thinking. To show the link between design and manufacture. To develop self-instructional learning skills. After taking this Unit the student should be able to: Generate concepts,.produce and interpret engineering drawings for manufacture and assembly. Make freehand engineering sketches.
Content:
British Standards relating to products and safety. Sketching. Layouts. Detailed drawings. Orthogonal, Isometric projections.

MANG0069: Introduction to accounting & finance
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX50 CW50
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide students undertaking any type of degree study with an introductory knowledge of accounting and finance
Content:
The role of the accountant, corporate treasurer and financial controller Sources and uses of capital funds Understanding the construction and nature of the balance sheet and profit and loss account Principles underlying the requirements for the publication of company accounts Interpretation of accounts - published and internal, including financial ratio analysis Planning for profits, cash flow. Liquidity, capital expenditure and capital finance Developing the business plan and annual budgeting Estimating the cost of products, services and activities and their relationship to price. Analysis of costs and cost behaviour

MANG0071: Organisational behaviour
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX60 CW40
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To provide students with a critical look at management and organisations; to uncover issues and assumptions underlying the world of management and evaluate them. By the end of this module, students should be able to understand and critically evaluate a range of approaches to the study of management, organisations and people's behaviour.
Content:
Topics of study will be drawn from the following: The meaning of work; Scientific Management and Human Relations; The nature of managerial work; Weber and bureaucracy; Normality, emotions and feelings; Power, control and resistance; Organisational culture and control; Changes in work organisation; Theories of learning; Leadership; Motivation; Issues of diversity and difference, including gender and race.

MANG0072: Managing human resources
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
The course aims to give a broad overview of major features of human resource management. It examines issues from the contrasting perspectives of management, employees and public policy.
Content:
Perspectives on managing human resources. Human resource planning, recruitment and selection. Performance, pay and rewards. Control, discipline and dismissal.

MANG0073: Marketing
Semester 2
Credits: 5
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites: Ex MANG0016
Aims & learning objectives:
1. To provide an introduction to the concepts of Marketing. 2. To understand the principles and practice of marketing management. 3. To introduce students to a variety of environmental and other issues facing marketing today.
Content:
Marketing involves identifying and satisfying customer needs and wants. It is concerned with providing appropriate products, services, and sometimes ideas, at the right place and price, and promoted in ways which are motivating to current and future customers. Marketing activities take place in the context of the market, and of competition. The course is concerned with the above activities, and includes: consumer and buyer behaviour market segmentation, targetting and positioning market research product policy and new product development advertising and promotion marketing channels and pricing

MANG0074: Business information systems
Semester 1
Credits: 5
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX60 CW25 OT15
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
Information Technology (IT) is rapidly achieving ubiquity in the workplace. All areas of the business community are achieving expansion in IT and investing huge sums of money in this area. Within this changing environment, several key trends have defined a new role for computers: a) New forms and applications of IT are constantly emerging. One of the most important developments in recent years has been the fact that IT has become a strategic resource with the potential to affect competitive advantage: it transforms industries and products and it can be a key element in determining the success or failure of an organisation. b) Computers have become decentralised within the workplace: PCs sit on managers desks, not in the IT Department. The strategic nature of technology also means that managing IT has become a core competence for modern organisations and is therefore an important part of the task of general and functional managers. Organisations have created new roles for managers who can act as interfaces between IT and the business, combining a general technical knowledge with a knowledge of business. This course addresses the above issues, and, in particular, aims to equip students with IT management skills for the workplace. By this, we refer to those attributes that they will need to make appropriate use of IT as general or functional managers in an information-based age.
Content:
Following on from the learning aims and objectives, the course is divided into two main parts: Part I considers why IT is strategic and how it can affect the competitive environment, taking stock of the opportunities and problems it provides. It consists of lectures, discussion, case studies. The objective is to investigate the business impact of IS. For example: in what ways are IS strategic? what business benefits can IS bring? how does IS transform management processes and organisational relationships? how can organisations evaluate IS? how should IS, which transform organisations and extend across functions, levels and locations, be implemented? Part II examines a variety of technologies available to the manager and examines how they have been used in organisations. A number of problem-oriented case studies will be given to project groups to examine and discuss. The results may then be presented in class, and are open for debate. In summary, the aim of the course is to provide the knowledge from which students should be able to make appropriate use of computing and information technology in forthcoming careers. This necessitates some technical understanding of computing, but not at an advanced level. This is a management course: not a technical computing course.

MATH0098: Mathematics 2A (service unit)
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX60 CW40
Requisites: Pre PHYS0008
Aims & learning objectives:
To extend further the student's familiarity with relevant analytical and statistical techniques. On completion, the student should be able to: use statistical tests of significance; analyse experimental data using linear regression; solve simple and partial differential equations
Content:
Differential Equations: Formulation of equations of motion (Newton's second law, pendulum, mass-spring systems); free and forced linear oscillations (undamped motion, damped motion, resonance); Fourier series (periodic functions, Euler formulas, half-range expansions); wave and diffusion equations (separation of variables, use of Fourier series). Statistics: Elementary probability theory: conditioning, independence, distribution functions, hazard functions for failure times. Means, standard deviations. Sums of independent random variables. The Central Limit Theorem. Confidence intervals, t-distribution, regression. First thoughts on model validation. All topics will be illustrated via the use of a user-friendly computer package, full instructions for the use of which will be provided. A complete understanding of what the computer is doing in simple situations should equip the student to make judicious use of packages in more sophisticated contexts.

MECH0196: Mathematics & computing 1
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX75 CW25
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To reinforce algebra and calculus skills. To introduce basic concepts with which the students may not be familiar. To provide a mathematical underpinning for subsequent work. To teach basic ke yboard skills, use of wordprocessors (including typesetting mathematics), spreadsheets, databases (including those for library), and the world wide web. After taking this unit the student should be able to: Handle circular and hyperbolic functions. Differentiate and integrate elementary functions. Use partial differentiation and complex numbers, vectors & matrices. Be able to sketch curves and use informa tion from the calculus to analyse critical points. Use polar as well as cartesian co-ordinate systems. Produce a typeset document including charts and graphics; Use a spreadsheet including what-if calculations, formulae, graphs, charts and statistics. Search for information in online databases and the web.
Content:
Algebraic manipulation and roots of polynomials. Standard functions (sine, cosine, exponential, logarithm, trigonometric identities). Differentiation (derivative of a sum, product, quotient, function of a function, implicit, tangent, and normal to a curve, maxima, minima, points of inflexion). Partial fractions. Integration (use of partial fractions and substitution, integration by parts, areas and volumes of revolution). Curve sketching. Taylor and binomial expansions. Arithmetica l and geometrical progressions. Polar co-ordinates. complex numbers. Introduction to vectors and matrices. Further methods of differentiation and integration; partial differentiation. Microsoft windows environment, touch typing tutor, Word 6, Excell, BIDS , Netscape 3 with Java.

SPOR0001: Functional anatomy and kinesiology
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX70 CW30
Requisites:
Aims & learning objectives:
To develop a basic grounding in the structure of the human body. On completion of this unit students should be able to: Classify and identify skeletal bones and muscles. Describe the structure and function of neuromuscular system and analyse the co-ordinated movements that these systems produce within the human body.
Content:
Skeletal construction; structure of bone and connective tissue, types of bone: long, thin, flat, irregular. Axial and appendicular skeleton. Names of major bones. Joint types; immovable, slightly moveable, freely moveable (synovial). Muscular system: muscle tissue, names of major muscles. Types of movement; flexion, extension, rotation, adduction, abduction, circumduction, plantar-flexion. Neuromuscular structure and function of skeletal muscle; fibres and fibre types, nerve supply to muscle, sliding theory of muscle contraction. Production and factors affecting co-ordinated movement and force. Relationship of muscular system to skeletal system; identification of major muscle groups, origins, insertions and actions of main muscles. Practical analysis of limb movement. Types of muscular contraction including; isometric, isotonic, isokinetic, concentric, eccentric.

UNIV0052: Mathematics & computing 2
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX75 CW25
Requisites: Pre MECH0196


XXXX0004: An approved unit
Semester 1
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment:
Requisites:
This pseudo-unit indicates that you are allowed to choose other units from around the University subject to the normal constraints such as staff availability, timetabling restrictions, and minimum and maximum group sizes. You should make sure that you indicate your actual choice of units when requested to do so. Details of the University's Catalogue can be seen on the University's Home Page.

XXXX0004: An approved unit
Semester 2
Credits: 6
Contact:
Level: Level 3
Assessment:
Requisites:
This pseudo-unit indicates that you are allowed to choose other units from around the University subject to the normal constraints such as staff availability, timetabling restrictions, and minimum and maximum group sizes. You should make sure that you indicate your actual choice of units when requested to do so. Details of the University's Catalogue can be seen on the University's Home Page.