UNIT CATALOGUE

ESML0001: French written & spoken language 1A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To stimulate the production of authentic and accurate written French; to provide a grounding in French grammatical and syntactic structures; to revise, broaden and consolidate grasp of lexis and grammatical structures; to extend awareness of style and linguistic register; to develop skills in translation from French into English; to practise receptive and communicative skills
Content: (a) French Structures: definitions, varieties of register, prescriptive and descriptive language, selected contrastive aspects (English vs French), practical grammar points. (b) Written Language: translation from French into English, resume, essay-writing, stylistic re-writing of texts, prose translations (into French), comparaisons de textes, dictee, extempore translation, cloze texts. (c) Spoken Language: comprehension, text recreation, controlled oral production, extempore translation, course-related conversation sessions.

ESML0002: French written & spoken language 1B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To continue the production of authentic and accurate written French; to provide further work in French grammatical and syntactic structures; to revise, broaden and consolidate grasp of lexis and grammatical structures; to extend awareness of style and linguistic register; to develop skills in translation from French into English; to practise receptive and communicative skills
Content: (a) French Structures: definitions, varieties of register, prescriptive and descriptive language, selected contrastive aspects (English vs French), practical grammar points. (b) Written Language: translation from French into English, resume, essay-writing, stylistic re-writing of texts, prose translations (into French), comparaisons de textes, dictee, extempore translation, cloze texts. (c) Spoken Language: comprehension, text recreation, controlled oral production, extempore translation, course-related conversation sessions.

ESML0003: French cultural studies 1A

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to a wide range of modern French literature and film, as a basis for the detailed study of poetic, narrative and dramatic technique, and to explore a variety of critical approaches. To encourage students to study texts in a number of different ways, and to help them to develop the confidence to reach and express their own critical responses.
Content: The language of poetry: music and meaning, shapes and images, meaning and metaphor. Prose narrative and the novel: reading strategies, questions of the narrator and point of view, the reader's role, self-reflective fiction. Theatre: the language of theatre, the role of the interpreter, questions of performance and study. The language of film: basic techniques and critical theories, points of view in film, film and literature - questions of adaptation. Application of the study of narrative techniques to the nineteenth-century novel as an introduction to French culture and society after 1850.

ESML0004: French cultural studies 1B

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to a wide range of modern French literature and film, as a basis for the detailed study of poetic, narrative and dramatic technique, and to explore a variety of critical approaches. To encourage students to study texts in a number of different ways, and to help them to develop the confidence to reach and express their own critical responses.
Content: The language of poetry: music and meaning, shapes and images, meaning and metaphor. Prose narrative and the novel: reading strategies, questions of the narrator and point of view, the reader's role, self-reflective fiction. Theatre: the language of theatre, the role of the interpreter, questions of performance and study. The language of film: basic techniques and critical theories, points of view in film, film and literature - questions of adaptation. Application of the study of narrative techniques to the nineteenth-century novel as an introduction to French culture and society after 1850.

ESML0005: French politics & society 1A: Introduction à la politique et à la société françaises

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the study of French politics and society from the 1930s to1945.
Content: A chronological survey of France since the 1930s which examines issues including: the decline of rural France; politics in the inter-war period; the Popular Front; the Second World War, Occupation and Resistance. Seminars provide a forum for discussion and consolidation of lectures as well as providing study skills session for note taking and writing historical commentaries.

ESML0006: French politics & society 1B: Introduction à la politique et à la société françaises

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: By the end of this semester students should have a solid background in 20th Century France, understand some of the key aspects of French politics and society, and have acquired essential analytical and writing skills in French.
Content: Post-war expansion; decolonization; changes in French society since 1945; the coming of the Fifth Republic; May 1968; and the victory of the Left in 1981 together with contemporary French politics and society. Seminars provide a forum for discussion and consolidation of the lectures as well as providing study skills sessions for argumentative essay writing.

ESML0007: French written & spoken language 2A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To develop advanced skills in the comprehension and production of written French, with particular reference to the awareness of stylistic and linguistic nuance and to translation to French from English. To provide a structured but informal context for the development of a variety of advanced oral skills. To exploit competence in written and oral French developed during the first two years of the course and, where appropriate, during the third year placement in France.
Content: (a) Written Language: translation from French into English; summarization (in French); language commentary (in French); analysis of style and register (contemporary social, political, literary). (b) Spoken Language: explanation and debate, through lector-led group discussion and individual presentation. Material covers a wide range of political, social, cultural subjects, within the context of current French concern.

ESML0008: French written & spoken language 2B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX54 CW20 OR26
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To continue to develop advanced skills in the comprehension and production of written French, with particular reference to the awareness of stylistic and linguistic nuance and to translation to French from English. To provide a structured but informal context for the development of a variety of advanced oral skills. To exploit competence in written and oral French developed during the first two years of the course and, where appropriate, during the third year placement in France. By the end of the year, students should be able to communicate effectively and sensitively with native speakers of French on social, political and cultural topics, orally and in writing (translation, summarization), in a broad range of registers and in both professional and social contexts.
Content: (a) Written Language: translation from French into English; summarization (in French); language commentary (in French); analysis of style and register (contemporary social, political, literary). (b) Spoken Language: explanation and debate, through lector-led group discussion and individual presentation. Material covers a wide range of political, social, cultural subjects, within the context of current French concern.

ESML0009: French cultural studies 2A

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To provide an introduction to major artistic and literary movements of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, whose theories are fundamental to contemporary cultural thought; to develop further the comparative study of genres begun in the First Year; to increase the awareness of the language of painting, and develop students' confidence in forming and expressing critical responses.
Content: A comparative analysis of the work of selected poets and artists within the following movements: Symbolism, Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Fauvism, Cubism, Surrealism.

ESML0010: French cultural studies 2B, option 1: Conflicting realities: film in France in the 1920s & 1930s

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to Conflicting Realities: Film in France in the Twenties and Thirties
Content: Through comparing and contrasting surrealist and poetic-realist films, this option will provide an understanding of the development and language of film, its history and critical theory. Films to be studied will include Un chien andalou (Buñuel, 1929), La Règle du jeu (Renoir, 1939) and Le Jour se lève (Carné, 1939).

ESML0011: French politics & society (advanced) 2A

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on and develop understanding of key structures and institutions of French political life, introduced in Year 1. To evaluate elements of change and continuity in the 1980s and 1990s using the framework of the Mitterrand presidency. To encourage students to take notes and extract relevant information from written and audio-visual material in French; to discuss topical political, social and economic issues in French in seminars; to build up a student 'log' over the course of the term, comprising lecture and seminar notes, and notes from preparatory and background reading, which will be of use in revision for the examination.
Content: (a) Lectures: Introduction - les grands evenements; film François Mitterrand, une vie a l'epreuve du pouvoir; Approches de la culture politique en France; la construction de la Nation a travers la culture - les grands travaux; Pouvoir Presidentiel et elections legislatives 1981-1995; l'evolution des themes politiques pendant les deux septennats; l'immigration; la France et l'Europe; Mitterrand et l'economie. (b) Seminars: François Mitterrand, l'homme et son image; l'apres-Mitterrand; les elections presidentielles de 1995; le chomage et l'exclusion; la position; la position de la France a la fin des annees Mitterrand.

ESML0012: French cultural studies 2B, option 2: First person camera: French cinema & the auteur tradition

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to First Person Camera: French Cinema and the Auteur Tradition
Content: This option will explore the nature of first person viewpoint in film, in relation to the auteur theory and will focus upon the depiction of personal childhood memory in films such as Zèro de conduite (Carné, 1933), Les 400 coups (Truffaut, 1959) and Au Reviour les enfants (Malle, 1987).

ESML0013: French written & spoken language 4A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To develop advanced skills in the comprehension and production of written French; To provide a structured but informal context for the development of a variety of advanced oral skills. To exploit competence in written and oral French developed during the first two years of the course and, where appropriate, during the third year placement in France (or equivalent).
Content: Written Language: translation from French into English; summarization and re-writing (in French); language commentary (in French); analysis of style and register (contemporary social, political, literary).
Spoken Language: explication and debate, through lector-led group discussion and individual presentation. Material covers a wide range of political, social, cultural subjects, within the context of current French concern.

ESML0014: French written & spoken language 4B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX38 CW17 OR27 OT18
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To develop advanced skills in the comprehension and production of written French. To provide a structured but informal context for the development of a variety of advanced oral skills. To exploit competence in written and oral French developed during the first two years of the course and, where, appropriate, during the third year placement in France (or equivalent). By the end of the unit, students should be able to communicate effectively and sensitively with native speakers of French on social, political and cultural topics, orally and in writing in a broad range of appropriate registers and in both professional and social contexts.
Content: Written Language: translation from French into English; summarization and re-writing (in French); language commentary (in French); analysis of style and register (contemporary social, political, literary).
Spoken Language: explication and debate, through lector-led group discussion and individual presentation, focusing on and in preparation for the requirements of the final oral examination. Material covers a wide range of political, social, cultural subjects, within the context of current French concern.

ESML0015: French national option F1: La France et l'Europe

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To examine the relations between France and the wider European area (including the former USSR) in the post-war world, with specific emphasis on developments since the late 1980s. The general focus will be the broad field of international relations which will be narrowed down to three specific and inter-related areas: economic and commercial interests; foreign policy and diplomacy; military policy and security. The unit will examine the tensions which have always existed in French policy towards Europe between a nationalist and an internationalist impulsion. In the three areas noted above, protectionism, individualism and national independence have constantly vied with liberalism, international cooperation and alliance solidarity. These dichotomies go beyond the traditional right/left divide in French politics and have always run as a deep fissure within both the broad left and the broad right. At the same time, since the end of the 1980s, France has been faced with a new dichotomy; whether to prioritise the deepening of the Community of 12 (the Maastricht process) or, on the contrary, to pursue the old Gaullist vision of a broader Europe "from the Atlantic to the Urals". Particular emphasis will be placed throughout the course on the complex but crucial role played by Franco-German relations.
Content: Four hours will be devoted to each of the following: 1. The historical background to France's relations with Europe. 2. France and the EEC (1958-85). 3. French foreign and defence policy (1958-89). 4. France, the Single Market and Maastricht.
5. French European security policy since the fall of the Berlin Wall. Taught in French.

ESML0016: French national option F2: La France urbaine

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To study the importance of urban life in contemporary debate on social issues and French national identity, using authentic French material (including film and video); to use a variety of disciplinary sources to explore urban life in France, especially urban sociology, anthropology, political sociology and policy studies; to examine cultural representations of French urban life. The unit aims to give students a deeper understanding of social issues in France today; to develop reading, listening and discussion skills in the French language.
Content: Approaches to urban studies; urban policy; "la banlieue'"; politics and towns; the "new towns" policy; violence and urban life; media representations of urban life; case studies. Taught in French.

ESML0017: French national option F3: La femme en France au vingtième siècle

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW33 ES67
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to various aspects of feminist thought and to situate some of the main debates within feminism. Through a series of theme-based seminars, to analyse women's involvement in events of the 20th century in France, notably the two World Wars and the suffragist and feminist movements. The 20th Century has brought significant social change and this course will seek to evaluate the extent to which these changes were gendered . By the end of the course students should have gained a better understanding of gender issues within contemporary French society. (Note: the second year option on Women in France is not a pre-requisite, although students who attended that option will find that this is an opportunity to pursue their interests).
Content: The first couple of weeks will be devoted to exploring a range of feminist ideas. Then we will move into discussions based on student presentations around a series of themes related to women's lives. These might include: women and war; suffragism, feminism and women's activism; women and violence; politics and power; representations of women; women in ethnic minorities. Taught in French.

ESML0018: French national option F4: Films of the nouvelle vague

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To study the achievements and significance of the Nouvelle Vague, with particular reference to the works of four of its main directors and to place these within the broader context of film theory, history and criticism,
Content: Films to be studied: Jean-Luc Godard, A Bout de souffle (1960), Vivre sa vie (1962); Louis Malle, Le Feu follet (1963), Le Souffle au coeur (1971); Alain Resnais, Hiroshima mon amour (1959) - to be studied in conjunction with the script by Marguerite Duras, Hiroshima mon amour, Gallimard 1960, L'Année dernière à Marienbad (1961); François Truffaut, Les 400 coups (1959), Jules et Jim (1961).

ESML0019: French national option F5: French comedies from Molière to Beaumarchais

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The unit is for those who wish to familiarize themselves with and enjoy some of the classic comedies which have become central to French cultural consciousness and can still be guaranteed to fill a theatre even today. It is also intended to appeal to those whose principal motivation is that they find these texts funny. Most important, it requires absolutely no prior knowledge of the literary background or the historical context. The aims of the course are to introduce the social, political and historical background of the texts and to examine those aesthetic and dramaturgical considerations which are so often inextricably linked with the background. In particular, to explore through these texts the development away from a rigid and hierarchized social structure towards the struggle for individuality and liberty which is often identified with the Revolution. Students will also notice faint glimmerings of a shift towards female emancipation.
Content: MOLIERE: L'Avare, Le Malade imaginaire; MARIVAUX: Le Jeu de l'amour et du hasard, Les Fausses Confidences; BEAUMARCHAIS: Le Barbier de Séville, Le Mariage de Figaro. These plays are all in prose. Anyone curious to look at a verse play could choose Molière's Les Femmes Savantes or Regnard's Le Légataire universel which are not, however, formally on the syllabus. First-time readers may find it helpful to read the two Beaumarchais plays in the order stated.

ESML0020: French national option F6: French autobiography

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The aim of this unit will be to trace the evolution of autobiographical writing in France throughout the modern period and to examine the ways in which writers have explored the themes of personal identity, memory, reality and imagination and the polarity between public and private history.
Content: History of autobiography and autobiographical theory; theories of selfhood and identity; the powers of memory, nature and culture in the development of personality, with reference to: J-J Rousseau, Les Confessions; Stendhal, Vie de Henry Brulard; G Sand, Histoire de ma vie; V Leduc, La Bâtarde; A Gide, Si le Grain ne meurt; S de Beauvoir, Mémoires d'une jeune fille rangée; J P Sartre, Les Mots; N Sarraute, Enfance; A Ernaux, La Place; M Duras, L'amant and/or L'Amant de la Chine du nord; G Perec, W ou le souvenir d'enfance; H Guibert, A l'ami qui ne m'a pas sauvé la vie. Students will be expected to prepare seminar papers on writers or topics of their choice.

ESML0021: French cultural studies 2B, option 3: French novels about religion in society 1931-1955

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to French novels about religion in society, 1931-1955.
Content: The unit examines three best-selling novels offering contrasting accounts of the impact of the French Catholic Church in French society. These are: Bernards: Le Journal d'un curé de campagne; Mauriac: Le Noeud de vipères; Cesbron: Les Saints vont en enfer.

ESML0022: French national option F8: Specialist language - translation A

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0023
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the techniques of documentary translation in a number of specialized registers.
Content: Introduction to professional translating, glossaries, house style, translation critique.

ESML0023: French national option F8: Specialist language - translation B

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites: Co ESML0022
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the techniques of documentary translation in a number of specialized registers.
Content: Introduction to professional translating, glossaries, house style, translation critique.

ESML0024: French national option F9: Specialist language: interpreting A

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment:
Requisites: Co ESML0025
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the techniques of interpreting.
Content: Introduction to professional interpreting: liaison, consecutive and simultaneous.

ESML0025: French national option F9: Specialist language: interpreting B

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: OR100
Requisites: Co ESML0024
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the techniques of interpreting.
Content: Introduction to professional interpreting: liaison, consecutive and simultaneous.

ESML0026: French national option F10: Surrealism

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To explore the idea of Surrealism as a revolutionary movement; to examine the aims and achievements of the Surrealists; to encourage individual involvement and response through an analysis of a wide variety of 'texts'.
Content: An analysis of the theories and practice of surrealism and their expression through literature, art, and film. Set 'texts' will include L Aragon, Le Paysan de Paris; A Breton, Manifestes du Surréalisme; Nadja; A Breton & P Soupault, Les Champs magnétiques; L Buñuel; Un chien andalou; L'Age d'or; P Eluard, Mourir de ne pas mourir; S Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams.

ESML0027: French national option F11: La persuasion et la propagande

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To examine the respective rôles of persuasion and propaganda in French society today, parallels being drawn also with other countries. Where does persuasion end and propaganda begin? How do today's politicians market themselves to the electorate? Have the techniques changed over the years?
Content: After initial work on the definitions of the evolution of persuasion and propaganda, students pass onto investigations of particular areas of debate, events or political parties in a contemporary context. Their findings are presented as seminar contributions. Taught in French.

ESML0028: French national option F12: Environnement, société, développement

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: Environmental issues regularly appear in the news and increasing numbers of people currently attach great importance to them. However, the issues themselves are rarely clear-cut; they are subject to competing interpretations and to conflicts of interest, indicating a need for critical distance in the treatment of the subject. Within a context of open-ended evaluation, the aim of this course is to explore environmental issues in terms of their political, social and economic dimensions and to assess their importance. Most of the work will concentrate on discussing developments in France today, but as by their very nature environmental questions go beyond national boundaries, the course will take the international dimension into account.
Content: The major themes to be surveyed are: (1) the ideas behind environmentalism and political ecology; (2) green politics in France today; (3) environmental policy-making in France and the EU; (4) the environment, business behaviour and green consumerism; (5) the impact of environmentalism on French society today. Students have the opportunity to focus on a suitable mix of themes which particularly interest them. Taught in French.

ESML0029: French national option F13: Culture et identité dans la France contemporaine

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: French
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: This unit will examine the relationship between identity and culture at times of social and. political change. It will explore the way in which the identities of different social groups are expressed within the economic, political and cultural contexts of contemporary France. The aim is to examine elements of the French identity taking into account students' own experience of France and its diversity. The unit will pay particular attention to the construction of identities through cultural forms such as museums, language, literature, music, film and the media.
Content: Introductory lectures will familiarize students with various theoretical approaches to the study of both culture and identity. Students will then examine the social and cultural frameworks for thinking about the question of what it means to be French. Seminars and case studies will examine themes such as heritage, memory, migrations, nation, tradition and popular culture. Taught in French.

ESML0030: German written & spoken language 1A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The unit pursues a dual aim. 1. To improve students' communicative and listening skills (oral/aural) and to expand their vocabulary so that they are able to express themselves clearly in everyday as well as in academic contexts as appropriate; to enable students to formulate their own ideas and to interact effectively in German and to adjust flexibly to various situations by using a suitable register. 2. To refresh and consolidate students' knowledge and understanding of grammatical structures; to enable them to apply the acquired skills to the production of coherent and fluent written composition; to introduce them to a variety of German texts dealing with appropriate contemporary issues.
Content: 1. Classes may consist of free discussions with the entire group, interactive exercises (e.g. role play, small-group discussions, one-to-one exchange of ideas). Austrian and German video material and newspaper articles form the basis for discussion and assessment, whilst improving awareness of contemporary life in the German-speaking world. 2. In respect of i. the consolidation of German language structures: this unit focuses on the various classes of words, their declension and their function within the phrase/ sentence, ii. written communication: a variety of linguistic skills are developed by means of translation into and from German and essay writing in German (including German to German summary).

ESML0031: German written & spoken language 1B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The unit builds on German Language I, pursuing the same dual aim. 1. To improve students' communicative and listening skills (oral/aural) and to expand their vocabulary so that they are able to express themselves clearly in everyday as well as in academic contexts as appropriate; to enable students to formulate their own ideas and to interact effectively in German and to adjust flexibly to various situations by using a suitable register. 2. To refresh and consolidate students' knowledge and understanding of grammatical structures; enable them to apply the acquired skills to the production of coherent and fluent written composition; to introduce them to a variety of German texts dealing with appropriate contemporary issues.
Content: 1. Classes may consist of free discussions with the entire group, interactive exercises (e.g. role play, small-group discussions, one-to-one exchange of ideas). Austrian and German video material and newspaper articles form the basis for discussion and assessment, whilst improving awareness of contemporary life in the German-speaking world. 2. In respect of i. the consolidation of German language structures: this unit focuses on complex grammar points and German syntax.; ii. written communication: a variety of linguistic skills are developed by means of translation into and from German and essay writing in German (including German to German summary).

ESML0032: German cultural studies 1A: Kultur der Weimarer Republik

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the culture of the Weimar Republic in its socio-political context, in particular through close study of representative texts and films. To make students aware of the formal characteristics and expressive potential of forms of cultural production such as autobiography, film and novella. To develop their analytical capacities and self-confidence in the evaluation of works of culture.
Content: Will include the study of a) Texts: Ernst Toller, Eine Jugend in Deutschland, Thomas Mann, Mario und der Zauberer; b) Film: Das Cabinet des Dr. Caligari.

ESML0033: German cultural studies 1B: Drittes Reich und Nachkriegsjahre (1933-61)

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES67 PR33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to significant aspects of German culture in the period 1933-61 through a close study of representative texts and films seen in their socio-political context. To make students aware of the formal characteristics and expressive potential of forms of cultural production such as the short story, the novel, autobiography, drama, poetry and the film. To enable students to develop their critical capacities and their ability to reach well-reasoned conclusions in their evaluation of works of culture.
Content: Lectures will introduce students to the principal features of German cultural life during the Third Reich and in the immediate post-war years. Seminars will be devoted to critical analysis of selected texts and films which are representative of the period.

ESML0034: German politics & society 1A: Deutschland und Osterreich 1918-1939

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To trace the most important political, social and economic developments in inter-war Germany and Austria. At the same time to provide practice in German comprehension, speaking and writing. Students should learn to follow lectures in straightforward German and take notes from them; understand vocabulary and concepts relevant to the history of the period; make short oral presentations in German and facilitate seminar discussion as part of a panel; write short essays in German on topics arising out of their seminar presentation.
Content: i. Weimar (1918-1933)
a) Revolution, Friedensvertrag und Weimarer Verfassung
b) Bruning und das Ende von Weimar
ii Drittes Reich (1933-1945)
a) Propaganda
b) Holocaust
iii Osterreich
a) Entstehung der Republik
b) Burgerkrieg

ESML0035: German politics & society 1B

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To convey in German the most significant political and social developments from 1945 to 1963; to give students practice in understanding lectures in German and taking notes, to introduce relevant vocabulary and concepts and to assist students in discussing and writing on the above issues in German
Content: i) Westdeutschland: Adenauer-Ara (1945-1963)
a) Besatzung und Entnazifizierung
b) Das Grundgesetz
c) Kanzlerdemokratie und Westintegration
d) Das Parteiensystem
ii) Ostdeutschland: vom Aufbau zum Mauerbau (1945-1961)
a) Allgemeine politische Entwicklungen im ersten Nachkriegsjahrzehnt
b) Wirtschaftliche Startbedingungen und Aufbau des Sozialismus
c) Die SED und der staatliche Aufbau der DDR
d) Der Bau der Berliner Mauer

ESML0036: German written & spoken language 2A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on knowledge (grammatical accuracy and range of vocabulary) and writing skills acquired in semesters 1 and 2. Having successfully completed this unit, students should be able, at the appropriate level, to: translate texts (German to English); summarize English texts into German and write short essays expressing a personal opinion on a given topic.
Content: German to English translation, English to German summarisation, German essay-writing in response to text-based questions.

ESML0037: German written & spoken language 2B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX54 CW20 OR26
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on knowledge (grammatical accuracy and range of vocabulary) and writing skills acquired in semester 3. Having successfully completed this unit, students should be able, at the appropriate level, to: translate texts (German to English) with an increased awareness of nuance of meaning; summarize English texts (as wide-ranging in topic and style as time and circumstances permit) into German and write short essays with good grammatical awareness and fluency of style, and to translate a dictated English text into German.
Content: German to English translation, English to German summarisation, German essay-writing in response to text-based questions; extempore German-to-English translation.

ESML0038: German cultural studies 2A: Kultur in der Bundesrepublik von 1961 bis zur Gegenwart

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To study the development of cultural life in the German Federal Republic over the years when the two German states were separated by the Berlin Wall. To refer in detail both to proseworks and films produced during this period and to more recent works taking stock of divided Germany from a post-unification perspective. To focus on a number of key cultural phenomena of these years: (i) personal experiences of life in the West, and especially in West Berlin, after the building of the Wall; (ii) the challenge to the self-confidence of the Federal Republic represented by the events of 1968 and their aftermath; and (iii) the struggle for gender equality in the context of the 1970s and 1980s.
Content: A framework of lectures will provide an overview of this era from the West German perspective and an introduction to the work of the authors and film-makers to be studied. The seminars will focus on the analysis of representative works of the period and the changing post-unification view of its significance. Works to be studied are likely to include Heinrich Böll, Die verlorene Ehre der Katharina Blum, Peter Schneider, Der Mauerspringer, Margarethe von Trotta, Die bleierne Zeit and Schneider/von Trotta, Das Versprechen.

ESML0039: German cultural studies 2B, option 1: Max Frisch und die Schweiz

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 OR33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To enable students i) to acquire a critical awareness of cultural and political developments in Switzerland in the twentieth century with particular reference to the period 1933-1974, and ii) to reach firmly based conclusions about the nature and validity of Max Frishch's critique of Swiss society in this period.
Content: Lectures will introduce students to the work of a major writer, Max Frisch, and place it within the context of major political and cultural developments in the 20th Century Switzerland. Seminars will be devoted to critical analysis of representative texts by Frisch.

ESML0040: German cultural studies 2B, option 2: Berlin als Kulturmetropole 1918-1933

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To assess the importance of Berlin as a cultural metropolis during the Weimar Republic. To examine the significance of theatre and cinema as centres of creative innovation and political debate, and to identify new methods being used by prose writers to describe the often overwhelming experience of city life. To examine the cliché of Berlin as a `decadent' city in the light of subsequent literary and cinematic evidence.
Content: A framework of lectures will provide the cultural and political context within which Berlin's importance during this period is to be assessed., and give an overview of the work of the writers and film-makers to be studied more closely in seminars. The seminars themselves will allow students the opportunity to analyse key fictional, theatrical and cinematic works of the period (e.g. Brecht/Weill, Die Dreigroschenoper , Kästner, Fabian, Lang Metropolis and Ruttmann Sinfonie einer Großstadt) and to take a critical look at the image of Berlin provided by works such as Fosse's Cabaret.

ESML0041: German cultural studies 2B, option 3: Ideologie und Kultur im Dritten Reich

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To examine the principal elements of Nazi ideology and their transmission by means of the Gleichschaltung (coordination) of the media, literature, film and art. Also to assess the role played by the intelligentsia with reference to a liberal conservative (Ernst Wiechert) and members of the resistance (Jan Petersen, Hans und Sophie Scholl).
Content: Will include the study of a) Texts: extracts from the prose writing of Hitler and Arthur Dinter, examples of Nazi song, Ernst Wiechert, Der weisse Buffel, and resistance fiction and poems. b) Films: Triumph des Willens, Hitler: eine Karriere, Die Weisse Rose.

ESML0042: German politics & society 2A

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To study relations between the two German states from the Hallstein-Doktrin, through Brandt's Ostpolitik to the collapse of the GDR and unification; to analyse the main features of the economic and social system of each of the two German states; to build on the vocabulary and concepts previously acquired and to assist students in discussing and writing on the above issues at an advanced level of German.
Content: Geteiltes Deutschland: 1961-1989
i) DDR: vom Mauerbau bis zur deutschen Einigung
a) Aspekte der DDR-Identitat (Politische Kultur, Alltag und Stasi)
b) BRD und DDR: ein kritischer Systemvergleich
c) Frauen und Soziale Sicherheit
d) Das Jahr der Wende
ii) BRD: vom Mauerbau bis zur deutschen Einigung
a) Deutsch-deutsche Beziehungen
b) 1968 und die Folgen
c) Kohl-Ara (1982-1989)

ESML0043: German politics & society 2B, option 1: Das wiedervereinigte Deutschland

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To convey in German the most significant economic, political and social developments since unification, to give students practice in preparing and giving seminar presentations and to improve further their writing skills in German.
Content: a) Mentalitatsunterschiede in Ost und West
b) Das Parteiensystem und "DDR-Nostalgie"
c) Vergangenheitsbewaltigung: Stasi und Folgen
d) Die Jugend im vereinigten Deutschland

ESML0044: German politics & society 2B, option 2: Berlin seit dem Kriegsende

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To examine the social and political experience of life in both halves of Berlin between 1945 and 1989, as a microcosm of the effects of the division of Germany on its population. To take full account of the changes which have taken place in the city since the collapse of the GDR and which have brought about its reinstatement as the capital of Germany.
Content: Subjects for close study include: everyday life in both halves of the city during the Cold War; propagandist portrayals of life in the `other' half of the city; the impact of the crises of 1953 and 1961 on both parts of the city; the changes brought about by détente in the 1970s and 1980s; the unification process and resistance to it in East Berlin; the physical reconstruction of Berlin since 1989; problematic aspects of Berlin's transition to capital city; the `Mauer im Kopf' as a continuing phenomenon of the 1990s.

ESML0045: German politics & society 2B, option 3: Neue Soziale Bewegungen in der BRD

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: This aim of this unit is to study political subcultures in Germany and to explore post-war German politics and history from the perspective of the manifold protest movements. Students are introduced to the thinking and writing of leading representatives of these movements as well as to sociological texts trying to explain the social movement phenomenon.
Content: The unit covers the culture of political protest in Germany from the beginning of the two German states up to the present days of unified Germany. Particular emphasis will be placed on the protest of the 1980s (peace movement, environmental movement), the civil rights movement in the former GDR, and expressions of political discontent in the early 1990s.

ESML0046: German politics & society 2B, option 4: Die Frau in der deutschen Gesellschaft

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The course aims at encouraging awareness of gender as a social variable which must be taken into account just as we take account of class, race, geography and generation when examining the social and political life of Germany. It will examine how gender differences and attitudes towards gender roles affect the roles and representations of women in German society today.
The purpose of this unit is to enable students to express themselves both in written and spoken German on issues relating to gender in the political and social structures of German society, to acquire relevant concepts and to demonstrate a basic understanding of the academic treatment in Germany of the issues involved.
Content: The course will examine the changes which 'Frauenbilder' and the 'Frauenrolle' have undergone and highlight certain aspects of woman's role in society today. In this context, it will look at the specific experience of women in contemporary Germany, focusing on questions of rights, legislation, equal opportunities on the one hand, and on the representation of women in economic, social, cultural and political structures on the other.

ESML0047: German politics & society 2B, option 5: Der Deutsche Sozialstaat

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The aim of this unit is to explore the social impact of processes of economic globalisation on unified Germany. Students are made familiar with the historical evolution of the 'Modell Deutschland' and its transformation in the 1990s.
Content: In its first half the unit covers the evolution of the German welfare system and the emergence of the so-called 'nivellierte Mittelstandsgesellschaft'. In the second half we will concentrate on the management of new phenomena like mass-unemployment, 'neue Armut', economic competition from newly industrialising countries, drastic cuts in the social welfare provision etc.

ESML0048: German written & spoken language 4A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To refine students' ability to translate competently from German into English in a variety of contemporary registers. To develop their summarisation skills so that they are able to produce a précis in sophisticated German of a complex English text on a subject of broad contemporary interest. To enable students to write coherent, well-argued and grammatically correct essays in German in response to issues raised in complex German texts. To enhance students' knowledge of the spoken language acquired during their year abroad so that they are able to converse fluently on contemporary issues and deliver sophisticated oral presentations on topics of their choice.
Content: Written language: (a) Translation from German into English is the focus of one of the two weekly hours. The main emphasis in this semester will be placed on dealing with texts written in more colloquial registers. (b) The second weekly hour is devoted to the production of German in summarisation and essay-writing exercises. In this semester particular attention will be devoted to developing essay-writing skills.
Spoken language: The emphasis is on project work carried out both on a group and an individual basis, with the chosen topics of an appropriately complex and controversial nature.

ESML0049: German written & spoken language 4B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX56 CW17 OR27
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To refine students' ability to translate competently from German into English in a variety of contemporary registers. To develop their summarisation skills so that they are able to produce a précis in sophisticated German of a complex English text on a subject of broad contemporary interest. To enable students to write coherent, well-argued and grammatically correct essays in German in response to issues raised in complex German texts. To enhance students' knowledge of the spoken language acquired during their year abroad so that they are able to converse fluently on contemporary issues and deliver sophisticated oral presentations on topics of their choice.
Content: Written language: (a) Translation from German into English is the focus of one of the two weekly hours. The main emphasis in this semester will be placed on translating texts written in more formal registers. (b) The second weekly hour is devoted to the production of German in summarisation and essay-writing exercises. In this semester particular attention will be paid to developing summarisation skills.
Spoken language: As before, project work will be carried out both on a group and an individual basis. Additional emphasis will now be placed on developing students' presentational skills in preparation for their oral examination.

ESML0050: German national option G1: Political culture in divided & unified Germany & Austria

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX67 ES33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: This unit considers, first, the main factors which influenced the political culture and identity of the three German-speaking states (Federal republic, GDR and Austria) as they emerged after the military defeat of National Socialism; secondly, the tensions which later developed in these political cultures and the currents of unrest and opposition to which they gave rise. Thirdly, discussion will focus on the legacy of the past in the political culture of Germany and Austria in the 90s.
Content: Topics for discussion are the concept of political culture; the problem of defining German and Austrian identity; confrontation with the NS past in Germany and Austria in the aftermath of WW2; Austria as the 'first victim' of National Socialism; opposition in the GDR and the collapse of the East German state; terrorism in the Federal Republic as a reaction to the dominant political culture; Germanys past in the present following unification; Austrian identity in the 90s. Taught in German.

ESML0051: German national option G2: German writers in exile

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX67 ES33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To consider the effects of exile on the life and work of selected German writers who emigrated during the period of fascist rule in Germany; to analyse the reception of those writers in the divided Germany of the 1950s and 1960s,to enable students to evaluate the contribution of émigré writers to twentieth-century German culture.
Content: Students are asked to purchase the following texts (available in paperback): Stefan Heym, Der Fall Glasenapp; Anna Seghers, Das siebte Kreuz; Bertolt Brecht, Mutter Courage und ihre Kinder. Students are also asked to view the following films, copies of which will be made available on video: Hangmen also Die (dir. Fritz Lang); The Seventh Cross (dir. Fred Zinnemann),

ESML0052: German national option G3: Risiko Deutschland?

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX50 CW25 OT25
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The aim of the unit is to explore the position of the new Germany in the context of European and international politics. Against the background of the post-war European order, students are made familiar with three important national and international debates. These are centred around Germany's search for a national identity, Germany's position as an economic giant with structural problems and around the question of Germany's (military) contribution to the solution of international conflicts.
Content: The option will cover the following main topics: Geschichte: Deutsche Teilung und europäische Integration von 1945 bis 1989. Identität: Nation und Nationalismus im vereinigten Deutschland. Wirtsschaft: Weltwirtschaftsmacht und Standortdebatte.. Politik: Deutschlands Beitrag zur internationalen Sicherheit. Taught in German.

ESML0053: German national option G4: Kultur und Politik in der ehemaligen DDR

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: This unit will examine the development of literature and film in the political context of the GDR to provide an overview of the development of literature and film in the political context of the GDR and to assess the distinctive qualities of the GDR culture. It will take full account of the way in which perspectives on GDR culture have changed since German unification. Through the close study of a number of key texts and films it will identify some major thematic concerns of the period following the rejection of socialist realism as a cultural doctrine.
Content: Lectures will provide an overview of the key events in the GDR's cultural history and highlight problems involved in dealing with GDR culture from today's perspective. Seminars will focus on representative literary texts and films of the period between 1961 and 1989, including works by Christa Wolf, Günter de Bruyn, Volker Braun, Frank Beyer and Konrad Wolf.

ESML0054: German national option G5A: Specialist language 1

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites: Co ESML0055
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to, and provide them with a grounding in, some of the skills needed by professional linguists.
Content: Introduction to translation theory, translation criticism, lexicography and terminology for students of German. Translation of general and specialised (mainly scientific) texts from German into English and from English into German.

ESML0055: German national option G5B: Specialist language 2

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites: Co ESML0054
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to, and provide them with, a grounding in some of the skills needed by professional linguists
Content: Introduction to translation theory, translation criticism, lexicography and terminology for students of German. Translation of general and specialized (mainly scientific) texts from German into English and from English into German.

ESML0056: German national option G6: Technikkritik und Umweltsorge in Literatur und Film der Gegenwart

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the principles of "green" thinking and the critique of technology as characteristic aspects of contemporary German culture; to explore the role the theatre, literature and film have played in reflecting and promoting them. There will be introductory lectures on influential anti-modernist thinkers and popular books on technology and the environment. The main part of the course will consist of seminar presentations and discussion of texts and films.
Content: Narrative fiction: Gudrun Pausewang, Die Wolke; Jurij Koch, Der Kirschbaum; Peter Härtling, Das Windrad. Other literary texts: Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Die Physiker; Hans Magnus Enzensberger, Der Untergang der Titanic; Christa Wolf, Störfall. Films: Hermann Zschoche, Insel der Schwäne; Werner Herzog, Wo die grünen Ameisen träumen, Fitzcarraldo. Taught in German.

ESML0057: German national option G7: Okoland Deutschland

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES50 CW25 OT25
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The aim of the unit is to overcome the narrow understanding of ecological politics in Germany as the effort to protect the countryside and its wildlife. Instead, the social, cultural and political implications of the green issue are explored. Rather than focusing exclusively on the German Green Party, their environmental demands or any other political programme of ecological reform (all of this will, of course, be touched upon), the module tries to understand ecological politics and its evolution as a phenomenon of general cultural modernisation. Students are introduced to the ecological issue as a driving force of Germany's current development and a central issue in the thinking of social theorists and political scientists in Germany.
Content: We will start out by trying to conceptualise the meaning and cultural significance of nature and of the ecological crisis. We will then explore various concepts of social, cultural and political modernisation and finally analyse the practical impact of the ecological issue on political culture and the social and economic development of contemporary Germany. Taught in German.

ESML0058: German national option G8: Frauen und Gender in Deutschland

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To permit a deeper and more systematic study of women in Germany than was possible in the second year option (which is not a prerequisite). Whereas the second year option focused on images and attitudes which affect the lives of women, this option will assess the significance of the changes in the role and situation of women in German society since the Second World War, from historical, socio-political, economic and psychological perspectives. It will examine the challenges to women's traditional roles within the institutions of marriage and family brought about first by socio-economic factors in both post-war German states, then by the impact of the women's movement, and the ways the resultant changes have increased the presence of women in the cultural, social and political domain as well as their prospects on the employment market. The complex impact of German unification on the situation of women, especially in the ex-GDR, will provide the focus for the discussion of contemporary German society and the prospects for women in the years ahead.
Content: An introduction to different strands of feminist thought and analysis and a discussion of gender as a social determinant will provide the background to a more in-depth study of major areas of empirical research into women's role, position and opportunities in German society both past and present. The unit will cover the following topics: origins, development and impact of the new women's movement in Germany; women in the labour market and the German economy; the changing institutions of marriage and the family in German society and reforms in the legal system affecting women; changes in the political culture of Germany through the greater representation of women in politics and major organisations in the economy; the women's movement and its impact on other social movements in Germany (the ecological movement, the New Right and the legacy of National Socialism); current theoretical positions in psychoanalysis dealing with the impact of socialisation on women's identity and on gender-based definitions and attributes; young women in Germany today: expectations and perspectives. Taught in German.

ESML0059: German national option G9: Die Massenmedien in Deutschland

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: German
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: to develop an understanding of the principles of mass communication and an awareness of the common features of European mass media and peculiarities to the German system; to develop an appreciation of the implications of technological advances in this field, particularly vis-à-vis the perspective of global communications.
Content: theory of communication and mass communication; structure and character of the media; historical developments in the German media (pre-1945; FRG; GDR); legal aspects of the media environment; funding and inter-media competition; new media - from Btx to the Internet in one generation; Spin Doctors and Soundbites: media as a political tool; the impact of German unification on the media of both former German states; advertising.

ESML0060: Italian written & spoken language 1A (ab initio)

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW75 PR25
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To give students a systematic grounding in the fundamental structures of Italian grammar, and to enable them to employ those structures correctly in short written texts within a communicative context, and orally in a variety of practical and everyday situations. Aural comprehension and oral communication skills are developed thanks to the use of audio-visual material and constant contact with native speakers. The objective is to bring students to an intermediate level of knowledge of Italian.
Content: Written Language: The study of the basic morphological aspects of Italian grammar will be based on a textbook, with additional use of specially prepared material. Students complete a graded series of exercises in grammar and are introduced to brief translation passages.
Spoken Language: conversation groups, role-playing, paired activities, supervised audio-visual activities, also leading to written practice in communicative contexts.

ESML0061: Italian written & spoken language 1B (ab initio)

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW75 PR25
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To consolidate the knowledge acquired in Semester 1, to complete the study of Italian grammar and syntax, to widen students' general vocabulary, to introduce them to the vocabulary of the press and contemporary writing, and to extend their aural comprehension/oral skills to a larger number of situations and contexts through contact with native speakers and the use of audio-visual material. The objective is to bring students to 'A' level standard by the end of the semester.
Content: Written Language: The study of Italian grammar will be completed through the textbook already used in the Semester 1 module and will be integrated with handouts covering the more complex topics in Italian grammar and syntax such as the subjunctive, the gerund, and the sequence of tenses. Students work on grammar exercises and prose/translation passages drawn from contemporary sources.
Spoken Language: conversation groups, role-playing, paired activities, supervised audio-visual activities leading to more creative and contextualised written assignments, continue in this module.

ESML0062: Italian written & spoken language 1A (post A level)

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 1
Assessment:
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To consolidate students' existing knowledge of Italian grammar and syntax, and to enable them to deploy these structures correctly in written texts and exercises. Aural comprehension and oral communication skills in practical contexts are developed through the use of authentic audio-visual material and class contact with native speakers.
Content: Written Language: a grammar text is used to revise the fundamentals of the language and as a basis for regular exercises. Translation texts are used to familiarise students with contemporary written Italian, in particular the language of the press and modern narrative.
Spoken Language: conversation groups, role-playing, supervised audio-visual classes provide practice in the spoken language and are used as a stimulus for creative written work.

ESML0063: Italian written & spoken language 1B (post A level)

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW75 PR25
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To expand students' knowledge of Italian grammar and syntax and to enable them to deploy these structures fluently and effectively in the production of written texts and exercises. Aural comprehension and oral communication skills are further extended through the use of advanced audio-visual material and class contact with lectors.
Content: Written Language: more complex grammatical problems are studied with the aid of specially prepared handouts and explored through regular exercises. Excerpts from the Italian press and other authentic sources are used to expand writing skills in more formal contexts.
Spoken Language: the oral activities from Semester 1, such as supervised audio-visual practice and role-playing, will continue and equip students with more sophisticated communicative skills for more formal contexts.

ESML0064: Italian cultural studies 1A

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to some of the key periods in Italian cultural history. To study the emergence of the Neorealist movement in Italian cinema and narrative and to analyse its political and social significance. To familiarise students with the basic concepts of film narrative.
Content: The artistic and intellectual development of Italy since the Renaissance and its importance for contemporary Italian society. The Neorealist cinema, the key films of this movement, their narrative techniques and their critical reception.

ESML0065: Italian politics & society 1A: Italian foundation history (1860-1914)

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To teach Italian economic, social and political history from Unification to the First World War in the context of European and international developments. To enable students to develop critical and analytical skills for an understanding of the study of history with particular reference to Italian history. To make students familiar with essential political terminology in Italian.
Content: The Unification of Italy. The difficult construction of a sense of nationhood. Political liberalism and the emergence of the transformist variant of parliamentary politics. The division between 'legal Italy' and 'real Italy' in the nineteenth century. Industrialisation and the emergence of organised labour. Political Catholicism, anarchism and socialism. Economic liberalism and protectionism. The rise of nationalism. Italy between neutrality and intervention.

ESML0066: Italian cultural studies 1B

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: CW33 ES67
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the main developments in Italian prose and poetry in the 19th Century and to analyse a number of short contemporary texts. To teach students to develop their critical and analytical skills.
Content: Lectures will cover selected prose and poetry by the major 19th Century writers and will introduce students to issues in women's writing. The seminars will concentrate on contemporary short stories by men and women writers.

ESML0067: Italian politics & society 1B: Italian Fascism

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To teach Italian history from the origins to the collapse of fascism in the context of European and international developments. To further develop skills in historical analysis and to introduce students to theories of democracy and totalitarianism. To make students familiar with cultural, sociological, political and economic interpretations of fascism.
Content: Italy in the First World War. The 'biennio rosso' and the origins of fascism. Mussolini's rise to power. The creation of a fascist dictatorship. Fascism and national identity. Church and State under fascism. Economic crisis and fascist economic policies. Foreign policy. The alliance with Hitler. Italy in the Second World War. The fall of Mussolini, the armistice and the Resistance movement. Interpretations of fascism.

ESML0068: Italian written & spoken language 2A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW80 PR20
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To broaden students' command of contemporary written Italian with greater emphasis on resolving complex grammatical points; to build on the communication skills acquired in the Year 1, and to improve oral proficiency and aural comprehension.
Content: Written Language: prose and translation exercises from a variety of literary and non-literary texts; general essays.
Spoken Language: role-playing, paired and group activities, dictation, summarisation of audio-visual texts in Italian, reading, conversation classes.

ESML0069: Italian written & spoken language 2B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX54 OR26 CW20
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on students' linguistic competence as acquired in Semester 1. To expand students' vocabulary in social and cultural areas and to develop sensitivity to style and register.
Content: Written Language: prose and translation exercises from a variety of literary and non-literary texts; general essays.
Spoken Language: role-playing, paired and group activities, dictation, summarisation of audio-visual texts in Italian, reading, conversation classes.

ESML0070: Italian cultural studies 2A

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the textual and cultural awareness acquired in Year 1 and to provide an overview of Italian cultural production from the beginning of the 20th Century. To develop students' critical awareness of the main intellectual debates of the century.
Content: This core module will be based upon key examples of Italian 20th Century novel, poetry, and short story, from the primo Novecento to the Fascist period. Lectures and seminars will address literary as well as social/political developments, such as the Southern question, Fascism, and women's issues.

ESML0071: Italian politics & society 2A

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To provide a historical overview of the main political and social events of the post-war period in Italy. To equip students with the appropriate analytical skills to permit a critical evaluation of the period.
Content: The course will pay attention to the following areas: the period of reconstruction; the effects of the Cold War on Italy's domestic affairs; collective movements of the l960s and l970s; the political system; the major political parties.

ESML0072: French cultural studies 2B, option 4: The problem of the French church in drama & life

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to the problem of the French church in drama and in life.
Content: The unit examines the contrast between the intellectual desire for renunciation of the world (Clandel; Montherlant) and the church's need to involve itself in practical everyday life (Catholic trades unions, the Ralliement, youth organisations, the worker priests).

ESML0073: French cultural studies 2B, option 5: The study of two 20th century prose writers

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to the study of two 20th Century French prose writers, Raymond Queneau and Boris Vian.
Content: An introduction to the work of Raymond Queneau and Boris Vian through a detailed examination of a number of individual works by each author.

ESML0074: Italian written & spoken language 4A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To refine students' competence in written and spoken Italian; to extend the range of terminology and linguistic registers, including the political and economic. To perfect students' skills in translating texts from and into Italian in a variety of registers. To develop their summarisation skills and enable them to express complex ideas and arguments in writing. To draw upon students' periods of residence in Italy in order to strengthen oral fluency and conversational skills.
Content: Written Language: prose, translation, summarisation (in Italian); analysis of style and register (contemporary social, political and literary).
Spoken Language: précis-writing, presentations, lector-organised discussion and debate on issues linked to Year 4 Options and Italian current affairs.

ESML0075: Italian written & spoken language 4B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX56 CW17 OR27
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To further develop and consolidate students' skills in translating complex texts from and into Italian, and in developing a sophisticated argument in the form of a long essay in Italian. To enable students to converse competently and fluently and to deliver sophisticated oral presentations in Italian on social, political and cultural topics.
Content: Written Language: prose, translation, and essay writing classes based on excerpts from the press, contemporary writers and specialised journals.
Spoken Language: Oral presentations, lector-organised discussion and debate on political, social and cultural topics.

ESML0076: Italian national option IT1: Territorial identities & socio-political cultures in Italy

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: This option examines the persistence of territorial divisions in Italy. It addresses the differences in economic development and social relationships between different parts of Italy. Most important, it explores the ways in which these differences have been shaped as sub-national identities and territorial political subcultures, while the construction of an "imagined community" has rarely coincided with the nation-state. Recent tensions between territorial ad national identity and politics will be discussed and analysed.
Content: Theoretical approaches to concepts of identity, subculture, modernisation and trust. The persistence of local and regional identities in Italy. Uneven development and the emergence of "three Italies". The Catholic and communist territorial political subcultures. Social and civic cultures. Old and new perspectives on the "Southern problem". The Northern League: ethno-regionalism? Territorial identities and national politics.

ESML0077: Italian national option IT2: The novel, the cinema & Italian society

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To examine how cinema and narrative have cross-fertilized to produce an artistically satisfying critique of Italian society. The unit will focus on three literary texts and their reworking by leading directors. Attention will be given to the narrative techniques appropriate to each medium, to novel and film theory, to the problems of adaptation and to the recurring theme of the relationship between the individual and the political system in Italy.
Content: Tomasi di Lampedusa Il Gattopardo, Alberto Moravia Il conformista and Leonardo Sciascia Il contesto. Adaptations by Luchino Visconti, Bernardo Bertolucci and Francesco Rosi.

ESML0078: Italian national option IT3: Scrittrici Italiane del ventesimo secolo

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To provide students with a general overview of 20th century Italian women's writing, an in-depth knowledge of four texts by major Italian women writers, an awareness of gender issues, and an understanding of the way in which the narrative text functions. The unit will look at the place of women in Italian literature both as objects of representation and producers, through an analysis of texts which illustrate the changes in the material and cultural situation of women which have occurred in Italy during this century. Students will be encouraged to make use of different modes of textual analysis, including feminist theory.
Content: Grazia Deledda, Cosima (1937), Mondadori (1986); Dacia Maraini, Donna in guerra (1975), Einaudi, (1984); Fabrizia Ramondino, Althénopis, (1981) Einaudi, (1996); Elsa Morante, Aracoeli, Einaudi, (1982). Taught partly in Italian.

ESML0079: Italian national option IT4: Women in Italian society

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The role and position of women in post-war Italy has undergone rapid change. These changes have explicitly and implicitly challenged a number of core Italian institutions and practices -the Family, the Church and the hegemony of the political parties to define the political agenda and to establish modes of political organization. This unit aims to examine transformation in women's lives during the post-war period. It will discuss the extent to which cultural, political and social factors affect women's changing aspirations.
Content: The course will focus on the following areas: women and the family, women and the family, women and work, the women's movement, women in the political sphere and ethnic minority women.

ESML0080: French cultural studies 2B, option 6: The study of a major 19th century French novelist

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to the study of a major 19th Century French novelist.
Content: An introduction to the work of Gustave Flaubert through the detailed examination of the novel, Madame Bovary.

ESML0081: Russian written & spoken language 1A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To consolidate knowledge of basic grammar, broaden vocabulary and improve aural comprehension. To develop fluency in spoken Russian at the level of everyday conversation.
Content: Prose and essay composition; translation into English; grammar revision; conversation.
Students must be qualified in Russian to approximately A-level standard.

ESML0082: Russian written & spoken language 1A (ab initio)

Semester 1
Credits: 12
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To provide a systematic grounding in the Russian language. To introduce students to the main structures of Russian grammar and basic vocabulary. To develop good pronunciation and intonation.
Content: The Colloquial Russian course with extensive use of specially prepared explanatory material along with exercises and drills from a variety of sources; pronunciation, intonation and conversation practice; language laboratory work.

ESML0083: Russian cultural studies 1A: Introduction to Russian culture (post A level)

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To acquaint students with some key texts of 19th century Russian literature and improve translation skills.
Content: Set texts will normally include A S Pushkin, The Queen of Spades and selected lyric poetry; I S Turgenev, Asya; A P Chekhov, The Seagull.
Students must be qualified in Russian to approximately A-level standard.

ESML0084: Russian written & spoken language 1B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To further consolidate knowledge of basic grammar, broaden vocabulary and improve aural comprehension. To further develop fluency in spoken Russian at the level of everyday conversation.
Content: Prose and essay composition; translation into English; grammar revision; conversation.

ESML0085: Russian written & spoken language 1B (ab initio)

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX33 CW33 OR33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To continue a systematic grounding in the Russian language up to approximately
A-level standard. To ensure that students acquire a firm grasp of the main structures of Russian grammar and of basic vocabulary, and are able to express themselves in a variety of contexts. To develop the ability to take part in simple everyday conversation. To develop reading ability to the point at which less complex works of literature can be read with the aid of a dictionary.
Content: The Colloquial Russian course with extensive use of specially prepared explanatory material along with exercises and drills from a variety of sources; pronunciation, intonation and conversation practice; language laboratory work.

ESML0086: Russian cultural studies 1B: Introduction to Russian culture (ab initio)

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To familiarise students with literary Russian and introduce them to classical pre-Revolutionary literature. To read (in Russian) and discuss a well-known literary text.
Content: Lectures on the history of Russian literature; reading and discussion of Chekhov's Lady with a Little Dog.

ESML0087: Russian politics & society 1A: Russia before 1917

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To permit post A-level students of Russian (and others requiring a six-credit unit) to make a more detailed study of topics covered in Russian Politics and Society 1B.
Content: As for Russian Politics and Society 1B.

ESML0088: Russian politics & society 1B: Russia before 1917

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To offer an outline history of Russia focusing on the geopolitical, social and cultural factors which shaped its development and to examine in detail the problems posed by industrial development and social change in the late 19th and early 20th centuries culminating in the revolution of 1917. To introduce some classic literary texts to illuminate the moral and political dilemmas of the 19th century. To develop skills in historical analysis.
Content: The first Russian states and the Tatar invasions; the rise of Moscow and the development of an autocratic state under Ivan III and Ivan IV; attempts at modernization and Westernization in the 18th century under Peter I and Catherine II and the emergence of Russia as a great European power; growing problems of serfdom, economic backwardness and political disaffection under Nicholas I (1825-1855); reform and reaction under Alexander II (1855-1881); Russian society in the mid-19th century as reflected in Turgenev's Fathers and Children; industrialization and its impact on society; the emergence of a revolutionary movement; dilemmas of Russian revolutionaries as reflected in Lenin's What is to be Done?; Dostoevsky's critique of 19th century Russian social values in Crime and Punishment; ethnic minorities and national movements in the Russian Empire before 1917; women and the women's movement before 1917; the revolution of 1905 and the granting of a constitution by Nicholas II; the successes and failures of constitutional rule 1906-1914; the First World War and the collapse of the imperial regime in the February Revolution.

ESML0089: Russian written & spoken language 2A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To deepen knowledge of Russian grammar, expand lexis and develop translation skills in several registers. To give students practice in expressing themselves in writing. To improve aural comprehension and to begin to develop fluency in spoken Russian at the level of everyday conversation.
Content: Written Language: systematic review of Russian grammar with exercises and drills drawn from a variety of sources; translations into Russian and English with discussion of grammatical points, lexis etc. Essay writing in Russian with discussion of stylistic points and vocabulary. Spoken Language: small group conversation on a range of themes; role-playing; task-based use of audio-visual material. To assist vocabulary acquisition, work in written and spoken language will be organised around themes of geography & peoples and culture & recreation.

ESML0090: Russian cultural studies 2A: Russian literature from Chekhov to Zoshchenko

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To present an overview of Russian literary development in these years; to encourage the development of skills in literary analysis and criticism.
Content: Three writers (studied in key works): Chekov, Blok, Zoshchenko

ESML0091: Russian politics & society 2A: Soviet Russia 1917-1985

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To examine the character and evolution of the communist political and social order from 1917 to 1985. To develop skills in historical and political analysis and essay and seminar techniques.
Content: The establishment of Bolshevik power under Lenin 1917-1921; the New Economic Policy and the struggle for power in the Communist Party in the 1920s; Stalin's drive for industrialization and rule by terror in the 1930s-40s; the USSR in the Second World War; reform and its limits under Krushchev and Brezhnev in the 1950s-70s; the structure and problems of the Soviet political system in the early 1980s.

ESML0092: Russian written & spoken language 2B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX33 CW33 OR25 OT12
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To deepen knowledge of Russian grammar, expand lexis and develop translation skills in several registers. To give students practice in expressing themselves in writing. To improve aural comprehension to the point at which the gist of a TV news item can be understood and to develop fluency in spoken Russian at the level of everyday conversation.
Content: Written Language: systematic review of Russian grammar with exercises and drills drawn from a variety of sources; translations into Russian and English with discussion of grammatical points, lexis etc. Essay writing in Russian with discussion of stylistic points and vocabulary. Spoken Language: small group conversation on a range of themes; role-playing; task-based use of audio-visual material. To assist vocabulary acquisition, work in written and spoken language will be organised around themes of social issues, history and politics.

ESML0093: Russian cultural studies 2B: Soviet Russian literature & cinema in the 1920's & 1930's

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To present an overview of Russian literary development in these years; to encourage the development of skills in literary analysis and criticism.
Content: Two writers (studied in key works): Olesha, Akhmatova. Films by Eisenstein.

ESML0094: Russian politics & society 2B: Reform & reconstruction in Russia since 1985

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To examine the reform and collapse of the communist order between 1985 and 1991 and the ensuing problem of economic and political reconstruction. To develop skills in historical and political analysis, and essay and seminar techniques.
Content: The origins, development and failure of Gorbachev's reform programme 1985-91; ethnic and social developments in the post-Stalin USSR and their bearing on the collapse of communism; the Russian Federation and its neighbours after the disintegration of the USSR; Yeltsin's attempt to build democracy and a market economy in Russia.

ESML0095: Russian written & spoken language 4A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To consolidate knowledge of Russian grammar, further expand lexis and further develop translation skills. To enable students to translate modern literary Russian and non-technical academic and journalistic Russian, into English. To enable students to translate selected English passages into Russian, and to express ideas and arguments in writing. To improve fluency in spoken Russian.
Content: Written Language: translation into and from Russian and discussion of grammatical points, lexis etc. Conversation and audio-visual classes. Spoken Language: discussion of selected topics on a range of themes (ecology, social issues, feminism etc).

ESML0096: Russian written & spoken language 4B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX33 CW33 OR25 OT8
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To consolidate knowledge of Russian grammar, further expand lexis and further develop translation skills. To enable students to translate modern literary Russian and non-technical academic and journalistic Russian, into English with minimal use of a dictionary. To enable students to translate selected English passages into idiomatic Russian, and to express complex ideas and arguments in writing. To develop fluency in spoken Russian.
Content: Written Language: translation into and from Russian and discussion of grammatical points, lexis etc. Conversation and audio-visual classes. Spoken Language: discussion of selected topics on a range of themes (culture, politics in Russia etc).

ESML0097: Russian national option R1A: Women in Russia & the USSR 1

Semester 1
Credits: 3
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: CW100
Requisites: Co ESML0098
Aims & Learning Objectives: This unit and its post-requisite will focus on the role and status of women in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods. In this first unit a largely chronological approach will be adopted to the subject of the 'zhenskii vopros' from 1917 to 1994.
Content: We shall discuss the realities of women's lives in various spheres, such as politics, employment, voluntary work and personal and family lives, and also the official ideology. A persistent theme will be the discrepancy between practice and theory, and the reasons for this discrepancy will be explored within the wider context of developments in politics.

ESML0098: Russian national option R1B: Women in Russia & the USSR 2

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites: Co ESML0097
Aims & Learning Objectives: This unit and its post-requisite will focus on the role and status of women in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods. In this second unit attention will be paid to women writers and directors, from the 1920s to the present with some discussion of the perception of women in male-centred works.
Content: Works studied include: Alexandra Kollontai, Love of Worker Bees; Lidia Chukovskaia, Sofia Petrovna; Natal'ia Baranskaia, A Week Like Any Other; Julia Voznesenskaia, The Women's Decameron; Liudmila Petrushevskaya, Night Time. Films to be discussed include: Moscow Distrusts Tears (1979), Little Vera (1988), Interdevochka (1989).

ESML0099: Russian national option R2: The twentieth century Russian novel

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX67 ES33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: The novel is arguably Russia's greatest contribution to West European culture in the 19th and 20th centuries. This unit concentrates on some of the greatest works of the 20th century, exploring the human effects of the cataclysms and conflicts that comprise most of Russia's history of the last seventy years.
Content: Among the works to be studied are the following (subject to availability); M Bulgakov, Master i Margarita*; E Zamiatin, My; A Solzhenitsyn, Odin den' Ivana Denisovicha; B Pasternak, Doktor Zhivago*; I Babel', Konarmiia; N Ostrovskii, Kak Zakalialas' stal'.
* As these novels are fairly long, you are advised to read them before the start of the academic year.

ESML0101: Russian national option R4: Gorbachev & Perestroika

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To investigate political and social developments in the years 1985-1991 in greater depth than was possible in RPS 2B.
Content: Origins of perestroika; glasnost and democratization; independent politics, social activity and the emergence of a multi-party system; nationalities issues and conflicts; the collapse of communism and the August coup.

ESML0102: Russian national option R5: Politics in post-communist Russia

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: Russian
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To examine the dilemmas of economic and political reconstruction and of external relations posed by the collapse of the communist political order in Russia, and efforts to resolve these problems since August 1991.
To develop skills in political analysis and seminar techniques.
Content: Political institutions and actors in Russia in August 1991; dimensions of the crisis surrounding the collapse of Soviet communism; theoretical approaches to transition; first steps of the political leadership; reform and political conflict; dilemmas of foreign policy; political elites; civil society; political culture; 1993 Constitution; elections and party formation; legal order and corruption; local government; federalism and ethnic politics; the experience of other former republics of the USSR; prospects.

ESML0103: Europe 1A

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 1
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To provide a grounding in the key economic ideas which have shaped Europe and to understand the way these ideas have been applied to post-war Europe; to provide students with a framework which will enable them to compare the experiences of different countries and understand similarities and differences; to compare the experiences of East and Western Europe in the post-war period. The course is intended to complement nation-specific Politics and Society courses in the relevant language of the MLES degree programme
Content: European economy in the inter-war years; post-war and Cold War; economic recovery in Western Europe; the age of growth; crisis and unemployment; the command economy and its aftermath in Eastern Europe.

ESML0104: Europe 1B

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 1
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To provide a grounding in the key political ideas which have shaped Europe and to understand the way these ideas have been applied to post-war Europe; to provide students with a framework which will enable them to compare the experiences of different countries and understand similarities and differences; to compare the experiences of East and Western Europe in the post-war period. The course is intended to complement nation-specific Politics and Society courses in the relevant language of the MLES degree programme
Content: Nationalism and nation-states; democracy and democratic institutions; the legislative and executive functions; political parties and electoral systems; pressure groups; local government; political culture; transitions to democracy in East and Central Europe

ESML0105: Europe 2A: Politics of the European Union

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to key theories of European integration; to trace the development of the E.C. from the 1950s to the present; to examine issues of contemporary relevance to European integration. Students will develop an awareness and understanding of European integration issues and be able to discuss them on the basis of background knowledge attained during lectures and readings.
Content: Theories of European integration; the origins of the E.C.; the Rome Treaty and the Single Act; Britain and the E.C; the road to Maastricht; the institutions of the E.C. and E.U.; the democratic deficit; the 1996 Inter Governmental Conference; the E.U. as a world actor; the future of the E.U.

ESML0106: Europe 2B: Economics of the European Union

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 2
Assessment: EX67 ES33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To introduce students to the economic principles guiding European integration and to trace the development of the E.C. from free trade area to customs union to economic policy coordination and moves towards economic and monetary union; to familiarise students with economic terms and theories used in E.C. policy-making; to discuss possible scenarios for the future of European economic integration. Having followed this course students will be better able to follow developments in European economic integration and understand the workings of economic and monetary union
Content: Intra-E.C. trade; EFTA; customs union; the Single Market initiative; the exchange rate mechanism; economic and monetary union.

ESML0107: European option E1: Intellectuals, commitment & identity in contemporary Europe

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To study the changing public role of intellectuals in Eastern and Western Europe between 1945 and the present. In particular, to examine a variety of intellectual responses to the issue of commitment to ideological causes, in the context of the Cold War division of Europe. To consider the impact of the international watersheds of 1968 and 1989 on established political loyalties. To assess the extent to which intellectuals have contributed to the evolution of national identities, or sought to distance themselves from national aspirations, both before and after 1989. To analyse a representative selection of literary texts by intellectuals who have played a prominent part in European political debate, as evidence of the continuing significance of their creative writing.
Content: A framework of lectures will provide a range of national and historical perspectives on the dilemmas faced by European intellectuals since 1945. Emphasis will be placed not only on the national contexts with which MLES students will be most familiar (German, Russian, French , Italian) but on the international significance of the Central European experience, as exemplified by the work of Czech and Polish intellectuals. Works by intellectuals such as Barzini, Konwicki, Wolf, Grass, Schneider, Kundera and Klima will be studied in depth in the seminars which form the core of the unit.

ESML0108: European option E2: The audiovisual media in contemporary Europe - political & cultural perspectives

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To assess the nature, scope and effectiveness of contemporary European initiatives in the sphere of audiovisual broadcasting. To examine the specific nature of audiovisual developments in the individual nation states of Europe, and to evaluate the manner in which national audiovisual policies and practices relate one with another and with the broader European framework. To compare and contrast regional, national and European audiovisual developments. To examine the political and cultural significance of the audiovisual media as a force for the fostering and development of regional, national and European identities. To analyse the nature and quality of audiovisual programming: regional, national, cross-national and European. To assess the significance of rapid technological change for the audiovisual media, and to evaluate the consequent impact of such technological change on the political behaviour and cultural pursuits of the citizens of Europe.
Content: A framework of lectures will provide: (i) a brief historical overview of European audiovisual developments since 1945; (ii) an account of the specific nature of the audiovisual sphere in the major nation states of Europe, together with an assessment of the manner in which those nation states fit into the wider European picture; and (iii) a broad assessment of the contemporary European audiovisual sphere and an examination of future potential lines of development as we approach the 21st century. Seminar work will be focused on comparative cross-national and European perspectives. Students will be encouraged to build on those national contexts with which they are most familiar (UK, France, Germany, Italy, Russia) in order to deepen their understanding of the role played by the audiovisual media in the construction of Europe.

ESML0109: French cultural studies 2B, option 7: Camus & the Algerian question

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to an analysis of Camus and the Algerian question, 1948-1960.
Content: This option will examine the social and moral dilemmas posed by the French colonization of Algeria, as exemplified in the life and work of Camus. Analysis of texts such as L'Exil et le royaume, La Chute and Le Premier homme will be used to explore Camus's ambivalent relationship with his native country, and the conflicting demands of political evolution and personal authenticity.

ESML0110: European option E3: European film 1

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES50 CW50
Requisites: Co ESML0111
Aims & Learning Objectives: To develop an understanding of the nature and role of cinema in contemporary Europe, through the study of concepts of personal, national and European identity, and the detailed analysis of a wide range of European films
Content: This course will focus upon film as personal statement, and will analyses selected works of directors in West and East Europe with specific reference to questions of identity, memory, autobiographical narrative and point of view.

ESML0111: European option E4: European film 2

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites: Co ESML0110
Aims & Learning Objectives: To develop further the understanding of the nature and role of contemporary European film by tracing the relationship between personal memory and identity, and history and ideology; to examine the concept of myth and identity.
Content: In this course the personal visions of directors in West and East Europe will be analysed within the broader context of history, ideology and myth. Areas for investigation include the comparative and shared histories of European film; the legacy of the Third Reich; women and history; marginal identities; ideology; film and contemporary European society.

ESML0112: French cultural studies 2B, option 8: Images of conflict: the French at war

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to an analysis of Images of Conflict: the French at War.
Content: This option will examine the French experience of warfare in the twentieth century, as expressed in literature and film. The principal focus will be on the period from 1940 to the early 1960s, and will include the themes of armed conflict, occupation, exile, war crimes, and colonial war. Examples for analysis will include novel, drama, poetry and film.

ESML0271: French politics & society 2B, option 1: Regional policy in the Fifth Republic

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Politics & Society by applying the expertise gained so far to an analysis of Regional Policy in the Fifth Republic.
Content: This option will examine the progress towards decentralisation brought about during the Fifth Republic, and specifically since 1981, against a background of historic centralisation of both government and administration in France. It will also explore the potential for a French contribution to the regional debate at a European level. Taught in French.

ESML0272: French politics & society 2B, option 2: 'Capitale et province'

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Politics & Society by applying the expertise gained so far to an analysis of 'Capitale et province'.
Content: This option will examine the French experience of regional and provincial identities, and of 'Paris et le désert français' from social, political, cultural and linguistic perspectives. The emphasis will be on ways in which difference is asserted in the face of modern tendencies towards sameness and globalization, with analysis of a wide range of historical and modern texts and visual material. Taught in French.

ESML0273: French politics & society 2B, option 3: The role & position of women in French society

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Politics & Society by applying the expertise gained so far to the role and position of women in French society.
Content: This unit will examine the role and position of women in French society. The course will analyse women's rights in terms of legislation (divorce, abortion, the notion of equality) and explore women's involvement in the labour market, politics and government. Taught in French.

ESML0274: French politics & society 2B, option 4: French local politics

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Politics & Society by applying the expertise gained so far to French local politics
Content: The focus of the course will be the analysis of political behaviour in the local/regional context. Particular attention will be paid to the sociological and cultural factors that shape patterns of electoral behaviour. Taught in French.

ESML0275: French politics & society 2B, option 5: Rural society in contemporary France

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Politics & Society by applying the expertise gained so far to Rural society in contemporary France.
Content: The focus of the course will be the development of French rural society. It will examine the recent history of the countryside and how rural communities have adapted to the pressures of social and economic change. Taught in French.

ESML0276: French politics & society 2B, option 6: The experience of women during the Second World War

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Politics & Society by applying the expertise gained so far to the experience of women during the Second World War.
Content: This unit will explore the experience of women during the Second World War, the Occupation and Liberation. It will examine the ways in which French women developed strategies for survival and how some were drawn towards collaboration or resistance. It will analyse the importance of the Liberation and its impact on women's lives. Taught in French.

ESML0277: French politics & society 2B, option 7: La France: une société au pluriel

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Politics & Society by applying the expertise gained so far to La France: une societé au pluriel.
Content: Changing social structures in France; social reproduction and mobility; the nature and effects of the French educational system; the social backgrounds of political, administrative and business elites; case-studies of persisting social disadvantage in France. Taught in French.

ESML0278: French politics & society 2B, option 8: Political communication from party & individual

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Politics & Society by applying the expertise gained so far to an analysis of political communication from party and individual.
Content: This option will examine the increasing use of political communication in the Fifth Republic, tracing how the development of mass communication has led to the increasing 'sophistication' of presentation of the political message. It will also provide students with the tools to analyse political communication within the French context. Taught in French.

ESML0279: French politics & society 2B, option 9: France coming to terms with the German occupation of 1940-44

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Politics & Society by applying the expertise gained so far to an analysis of France coming to terms with the German Occupation of 1940-1944 some fifty years on.
Content: This option will examine the ways in which France has come to terms with the Occupation of 1940-1944, by taking post-war events and individuals connected with the Occupation (e.g. Paul Touvier, René Bousque, François Mitterrand, Maurice Papon) and investigating reactions to those events and individuals. Taught in French.

ESML0280: Italian cultural studies 2B, option 1: Luigi Pirandello & Italo Svevo

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build upon the knowledge acquired during the core module in Semester 1 and to explore in depth: Decadentismo: Luigi Pirandello and Italo Svevo
Content: This option will look at the central role of Pirandello and Svevo in creating Italian modernism (Decadentismo), taking account of developments in both narrative and theatre and will place them in the wider context of European modernism.

ESML0281: Italian cultural studies 2B, option 2: Post-war Italian cinema

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build upon the knowledge acquired during the core module in Semester 1 and to explore in depth: Post-War Italian Cinema
Content: This option will examine the works of three directors (Visconti, Fellini, and Antonioni) whose films set the tone and created the international reputation of the Italian cinema in the 1960s.

ESML0282: Italian cultural studies 2B, option 3: Post-war Italian narrative

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build upon the knowledge acquired during the core module in Semester 1 and to explore in depth: Post-War Italian narrative.
Content: This option will consider a range of writers from the end of the Neorealist period (Pavese) to three younger writers of the eighties and nineties, including a number of women novelists.

ESML0283: Italian politics & society 2B, option 1: Migratory movements & migrants in post-war Italy

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To explore aspects of post-war Italian Politics and Society and to build on the development of skills in political and social analysis: Migratory movements and migrants in post-war Italy.
Content: This option explores a variety of migratory processes to and from Italy since 1945. It considers both internal and external migratory trends and studies in some detail some communities of Italians abroad and recent migrants who have settled in Italy.

ESML0284: Italian politics & society 2B, option 2: Political scandals in Italy since 1945

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To explore aspects of post-war Italian Politics and Society and to build on the development of skills in political and social analysis: Political scandals in Italy since 1945.
Content: This option examines some of the most alarming threats Italian democracy has had to contend with, including attempted coups d'etat, secret masonic lodges, the kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro, as well as the Mafia.

ESML0285: Italian politics & society 2B, option 3: Italy since the end of the Cold War

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: Italian
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To explore aspects of post-war Italian Politics and Society and to build on the development of skills in political and social analysis:.
Content: Since 1989 Italy has undergone what has been described as a 'silent revolution'. This option will explore the changes that have occurred in the country in recent times, focusing on the political system but also with reference to the socio-economic sphere.

ESML0294: European option E5: In search of Europe (1) - Europe divided

Semester 1
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To explore the concept of Europe 1945-1989. To discuss the implications for both Western and Eastern Europe of Soviet-American rivalries during the Cold War.
Content: The Cold War; strengths and weaknesses of the Soviet bloc before 1989; Cold War and détente in Western Europe (1960s-1980s); 1989 and the collapse of Cold War era political systems

ESML0295: European option E6: In search of Europe (2) - Europe in the 1990s: towards unification?

Semester 2
Credits: 6
Topic: European Studies
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To explore the concept of Europe since 1989, examining the nature of European, national and regional identities.
Content: Immediate consequences of 1989; the resurgence of particularism; forces for integration.

ESML0296: French cultural studies 2B: option 9: French neo-Greek drama

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to French neo-Greek drama.
Content: The unit examines French neo-Greek plays in the period 1920-1945 and seeks to evaluate the conspicuously theatrical aspects. It will also consider why playwrights chose to return to classical mythology for their subject matter.

ESML0297: French cultural studies 2B: option 10: French drama 1920-1950

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the experience of Cultural Studies by applying the expertise gained so far to French Drama 1920-1950 (the plays as allegories of events in the real world).
Content: The unit examines a series of important French plays of the pre-war, Occupation and immediate post-war periods and seeks to establish the extent to which these works were allegorical as distinct from purely theatrical dramas.

ESML0298: French politics & society 2B: option 10: La France dans le monde

Semester 2
Credits: 3
Topic: French
Level: Level 2
Assessment: ES67 CW33
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To build on the students' knowledge of French politics by analysing the main features of French foreign policy in the principal areas of the world where significant French influence still prevails.
Content: This option will examine two main issues. First, the foreign policy-making process in Fifth Republic France. Second, the evolution of French diplomacy with regard to the key issues and regions of the post-war world: NATO and the Atlantic system, European integration, Africa, the Arab world, the Pacific. The student group will have the chance of broad coverage or of concentration on a restricted number of regions.

ESML0300: Year abroad

Academic Year
Credits: 60
Level: Level 2
Assessment: CW100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To promote the development of high-level language skills in an appropriate foreign environment;
To acquire personal experience and understanding of the appropriate foreign culture(s).
Content: To carry out an agreed programme or programmes of work and/or study in a foreign environment appropriate to the students language combination. The nature, scope and assessment is determined by the choice of language(s), placement(s) and country/countries, in consultation with Year Abroad Coordinators, Course Tutors, Personal Tutors and Director of Studies.

MANG0040: European integration studies 1

Semester 1
Credits: 5
Level: Level 3
Assessment: EX50 ES50
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives: To provide a basic grounding in the theory, politics and economics of European integration. Students will complete the course with a sound knowledge of European Union institutions and key economic policies.
Content: Subjects covered will be: integration theory; EU political institutions, their legitimacy and their accountability; the EU decision-making process; EC finances and funds; the single market and Europe's lost competitiveness; competition policy; the EU, world trade and developing countries; regional policy; economic and monetary union; the enlargement of the EU, the EEA and Central and Eastern Europe.
Lectures will be supplemented by case study discussions, tutorial sessions and a revision workshop.

MANG0059: European integration studies 2

Semester 2
Credits: 5
Level: Level 3
Assessment: ES100
Requisites: Pre MANG0040
Aims & Learning Objectives: To provide an advanced knowledge of the impact of European policies on individuals, managements and work organisations in the European Union. Students will complete the course unit with a detailed knowledge of social, environmental and sectoral impacts of integration and how business interests can influence the EU decision-making process.
Content: Subjects covered will be: Social and employment policy issues and the firm; EU environment policy and its impact upon business and communities; the harmonisation of company law; sectoral impacts of the single market and business strategies; lobbying the EU; transport policy and trans-European networks; implementation of EC law; the future direction of the EU.
Lectures will be supplemented by case study discussions, a decision-making game, and tutorial sessions.

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European Studies and Modern Languages Programme Catalogue
Programme / Unit Catalogue 1997/98