Text only

 University | Catalogues for 2004/05 | for UGs | for PGs

University of Bath logo - link to University home page
 

 

Department of Chemistry, Unit Catalogue 2004/05

CH10005: Introduction to solid state and main group chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Certificate
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX80CW20
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH10010 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH10007 or take CH10008
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce inorganic solid state chemistry, modern ideas about chemical bonding and the chemistry of s- and p- block elements. After studying this Unit students should be able to:
* Define basic crystallographic concepts.
* Describe the main types of inorganic structures through cell-projection diagrams.
* Provide a theoretical treatment for lattice energies.
* Describe the basic principles of s- and p-block chemistry, including hydrogen.
* Use the redox properties of the s- and p-block elements to predict and rationalise chemical reactions.
* Describe the bonding and structures of selected interhalogen and noble gas compounds.
Content:
Solid state structures, radius ratio rule, cell projections for common structural types, lattice energy. Chemical bonding theory, shapes of molecules. The s-block elements, properties related to reactivity and size. H-bonding. Oxidation states of the p-block elements, stability, lone-pair effect, free energy (Frost) diagrams. Chemistry of the halogens and noble gases and their inter-relationship.

CH10007: General chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Certificate
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX65PR25CW10
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH10087 or take CH10089 and before taking this unit you must take CH10056
or A-level Chemistry. This unit is not available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide a broad introduction to the principles governing chemical bonding, structure and reactivity and to illustrate these with a range of examples. After studying the unit, students should be able to:
* Describe simple theories of bonding in compounds.
* Rationalise chemical reactivity and structure chemistry in terms of bonding models.
* Understand thermodynamic principles and carry out thermodynamic calculations.
* Analyse experimental kinetic data and classify reactions.
Content:
An introduction to atomic and molecular structure and bonding in compounds and how this is used to explain trends in structure and reactivity across the Periodic Table. An introduction to thermodynamics and kinetics with a range of case-study examples to illustrate how the basic principles can be applied to real equilibria and reactions.

CH10008: Introductory organic chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Certificate
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX80PR20
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH10088 and before taking this unit you must take CH10056
or A-level chemistry. This unit is not available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to the subject of organic chemistry as a basis for understanding molecular processes affecting other areas of sciences, with reference to the themes of structure and bonding, reactivity, mechanism and synthesis. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Account for the mechanism by which simple organic reactions occur
* Name and draw diagrammatically a selected range of organic compounds and functional groups
* Describe methods for the interconversion of selected functional groups
* Solve straightforward problems involving the material covered
Content:
Structure and bonding: Lewis theory, formal charge; resonance; hybridization conformation, configuration, chirality. Reactivity: chemistry of functional groups including alkanes, alkenes, alkyl halides, alcohols, ethers, thiols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, acyl halides, thioesters, amides, amines; aromatics. Mechanism: energy profiles, heterolysis, homolysis, acidity, basicity, nucleophilicity, electrophilicity, electrophilic addition, nucleophilic substitution, elimination; nucleophilic addition/elimination, electrophilic and nucleophilic aromatic substitution, kinetic vs. thermodynamic control.

CH10009: Foundation chemistry laboratory

Credits: 3
Level: Certificate
Semester: 1
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH10087
This unit is only available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
This foundation course is designed to impart some of the essential basic techniques and skills in practical chemistry that will be important throughout the degree course. Interpretation of results obtained in the light of theories and concepts developed in other units will also be an aim. After following the Unit, students should be able to:
* Assemble and use straightforward apparatus for preparative and analytical chemistry
* Accurately report observations and measurements made in the laboratory
* Use PC's for communication and basic data analysis and use Library sources for finding chemical information
* Perform accurate analytical measurements using selected titrimetric and spectrophotometric methods.
* Prepare standard solutions and perform straightforward purification techniques such as recrystallisation
* Interpret results in terms of an appropriate theoretical framework and draw appropriate conclusions
* Quantitatively assess the significance of measurements made in the laboratory
Content:
A series of quantitative and qualitative experiments and exercises will be performed. These will illustrate some basic principles of volumetric and spectrophotometric analytical chemistry. Methods used will include acid-base and redox titrimetry, absorption and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The accuracy and limitations of thermochemical measurements will be explored. The use of these techniques in "real" situations will be used to develop an understanding of precision and accuracy in chemical measurements. Basic manipulative techniques such as crystallisation and purification of compounds will be performed. An introduction to using PC's and spreadsheets for analysing results, for e-mail and chemical simulation will be covered as will Library sources of data.

CH10010: Inorganic chemistry laboratory 1

Credits: 3
Level: Certificate
Semester: 2
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH10011 and take CH10012 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH10007 and take CH10008 and before taking this unit you must take CH10009
This unit is only available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce students to the basic techniques of synthetic and analytical inorganic chemistry. To foster a good scientific style in the presentation of data and to develop students' ability to manipulate and interpret scientific data. After studying this Unit students should be able to:
* Make careful observations of chemical reactions and explain them in terms of chemical equations.
* Perform straightforward synthetic and purification procedures
* Use volumetric glassware and balances in the correct manner.
* Manipulate and present scientific data in a clear and logical way, including the use of significant figures.
Content:
Qualitative analysis; quantitative analysis by titration, flame photometry, gravimetry and spectophotometry; preparation of selected inorganic compounds and their reaction chemistry; ion-exchange chromatography.

CH10011: Organic chemistry laboratory 1

Credits: 3
Level: Certificate
Semester: 2
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH10010 and take CH10012 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH10007 and take CH10008 and before taking this unit you must take CH10009
This unit is only available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to the basic techniques of experimental organic chemistry. After studying the Unit, students should be able to
* Assemble and use basic apparatus for experimental organic chemistry
* Perform straightforward synthesis and purification methods
* Relate the mechanistic organic chemistry from lectures Units to the appropriate laboratory experiment.
Content:
Reactions of double bonds, electrophilic addition. Reactions involving the carbonyl group, to include; the aldol reaction, synthesis of esters and amides. Electrophilic aromatic substitution. Retrieval of information from the scientific literature.

CH10012: Physical chemistry laboratory 1

Credits: 3
Level: Certificate
Semester: 2
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH10010 and take CH10011 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH10007 and take CH10008 and before taking this unit you must take CH10009
This unit is only available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide a basic training in laboratory skills for Physical Chemistry. To relate experimental work to the scientific theory behind the experiment and thus give a fuller understanding of the theory. After studying this Unit, the student should be able to:
* Use scientific apparatus with care and confidence
* Make essential observations accurately and estimate the possible errors.
* Produce a scientific report of their work.
* Gain a critical appreciation of the purpose, significance and limitations of any experimental study.
Content:
A series of experiments based on principles introduced during lecture units which may include: Determination of thermodynamic properties of chemical reactions using thermochemical and electrochemical approaches. Spectroscopic analysis of compounds to measure physical properties. Study of the rates of chemical reactions by a number of methods.

CH10056: Introduction to chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Certificate
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX80CW20
Requisites:
Whilst taking this unit you may not take any other Chemistry unit. This unit is not available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
This course is designed for students without A-level chemistry who need to have some appreciation of chemical ideas to use in their major degree subject(s). It will provide a broad introduction to the principles governing chemical reactivity and to illustrate these with a range of examples.
Content:
Introduction to atomic structure and chemical bonding e.g. valency. Trends in structure and reactivity across the Periodic Table. The mole, chemical equations and chemical reactions. The emphasis will be on taking examples from the real world and explaining the chemical principles which underlie them.

CH10057: Introduction to practical chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Certificate
Semester: 2
Assessment: PR80CW20
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10056
Whilst taking this unit you may not take any other Chemistry unit. This unit is not available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce a range of practical chemistry techniques to students and to demonstrate how experimental work can be used to consolidate material presented in lectures.
Content:
A series of experiments to introduce basic analytical methods such as titrations, gravimetry and spectrophotometry, manipulation of glassware, straightforward synthetic procedures. Some supplementary material will be presented in workshops to reinforce ideas met in the previous lecture based unit.

CH10087: General chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Certificate
Semester: 2
Assessment: CW40EX60
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH10007
This unit is only available to students on programmes in the Department of Biology and Biochemistry.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide a broad introduction to the principles governing chemical reactivity and to illustrate these with a range of examples. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Analyse experimental data and classify reactions.
* Use thermodynamic principles to account for chemical reactivity
* Describe the determination of rates of chemical reactions
* Describe simple theories of bonding in compounds.
* Rationalise reaction and structural chemistry in terms of the bonding models
Content:
Introduction to thermodynamics and kinetics with a range of case-study examples to illustrate how the basic principles can be applied to real reactions. Chemical equilibria and coupled reactions. An introduction to atomic and molecular structure and bonding in compounds and how this is used to explain trends in structure and reactivity across the Periodic Table.

CH10088: Introductory organic chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Certificate
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH10008
A-level Chemistry is required in order to take this unit. This unit is only available to students on programmes in the Department of Biology and Biochemistry.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to the subject of organic chemistry as a basis for understanding molecular processes affecting other areas of sciences, with reference to the themes of structure and bonding, reactivity, mechanism and synthesis. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Account for the mechanism by which simple organic reactions occur
* Name and draw diagrammatically a selected range of organic compounds and functional groups
* Describe methods for the interconversion of selected functional groups
* Solve straightforward problems involving the material covered.
Content:
Structure and bonding: Lewis theory, formal charge; resonance; hybridization conformation, configuration, chirality. Reactivity: chemistry of functional groups including alkanes, alkenes, alkyl halides, alcohols, ethers, thiols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, acyl halides, thioesters, amides, amines; aromatics. Mechanism: energy profiles, heterolyis, homolysis, acidity, basicity, nucleophilicity, electrophilicity, electrophilic addition, nucleophilic substitution, elimination; nucleophilic addition/elimination, electrophilic and nucleophilic aromatic substitution, kinetic vs. thermodynamic control.

CH10089: Foundation chemistry

Credits: 12
Level: Certificate
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX80CW20
Requisites:
After taking this unit you must take CH10090 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH10007 or take CH10008
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce the basic concepts of inorganic, organic and physical chemistry upon which understanding of modern chemistry depends. These include ideas of atomic structure and covalent bonding, the concept of reaction mechanism in the context of key reactions of organic and inorganic chemistry, and the principles governing chemical processes in terms of thermodynamic properties. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* Name the first 36 elements, their symbols and electronic configurations.
* Name the four quantum numbers and their allowed values.
* Draw radial and angular functions for s, p, d orbitals.
* Derive the shapes of molecules using the VSEPR method.
* Recognise, give examples of, systematically name and diagrammatically represent a variety of functional groups.
* Describe the electronic structure, bonding, and shape of simple organic molecules in order to explain their chemical reactivity.
* Describe the general properties, reactions and methods of synthesis for some monofunctionalized organic compounds.
* Describe the mechanisms of nucleophilic aliphatic substitution and elimination reactions and of electrophilic addition to alkenes.
* Describe simply the role of thermodynamics and solve simple problems involving their application.
* State and interpret the three laws of thermodynamics and solve simple problems involving their application.
* Define the relationship between Gibbs free energy and chemical equilibrium.
* Perform qualitative and quantitative analyses of and solve problems involving thermodynamic concepts and data.
* Apply some basic mathematical methods to the solution of chemical problems.
Content:
* Lewis structures, formal charge, resonance, orbitals and electron density, hybridisation, conjugation, hyperconjugation. Confirmation and configuration; enantiomers, diastereomers. Equilibrium, molecular stability, enthalpy, Gibbs energy and entropy. Acids and bases. Solvation. Reaction energy diagrams. Orbitals and reactivity. Characteristic reactions of alkenes and haloalkenes: mechanisms for electrophilic addition to alkenes; aliphatic nucleophilic substitution; elimination.
* The world of gases: ideal and non-ideal gases. Intermolecular forces: vapours, liquids and solutions. First law of thermodynamics and thermochemistry: energy changes in chemical reactions. Entropy and free energy.
* Bohr model of the atom, quantization, properties of waves, Schrödinger equation and its solutions, angular and radial functions, quantum numbers. The Periodic Table, Aufbau Principle, Hund's Rules; ionisation energy, electron affinity and eletronegativity. VSEPR, hybridisation. Coordination chemistry: definitions, shapes, ligand classification, nomenclature and conformations; chelate complexes. Coordination numbers and geometries, isomerism.
* Quantitative methods and problem solving in chemistry. Revision of basic algebra, graphing and mathematical functions. Application of mathematical methods to solving chemical problems.

CH10090: Essential chemistry

Credits: 12
Level: Certificate
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX80CW20
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10089 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH10008 or take CH10007
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To build upon the basics of inorganic, organic and physical chemistry and develop the concepts and knowledge essential to a sound understanding of modern chemistry. These include the characteristic properties of the functional groups (FGs) of organic chemistry, the principles behind the chemistry of the 1st row transition metals (TMs), the measurement and analysis of reaction rates, an introduction to kinetics, and the basic chemical principles governing chemical equilibrium and phase behaviour. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Explain the electronic structure, bonding, and shape of the various FG's and to extrapolate this to describe the origins of their reactivity.
* Describe the general properties, reactions, mechanisms and methods of synthesis for monofunctionalized aliphatic and aromatic compounds including a range of transformations that can be used to functionalise an aromatic ring.
* Explain the stability of aromatic compounds and compare their reactivity with that of alkenes and alkynes and how this affects their reactivity.
* Apply the methodology of FG interconversions in the synthesis of academically and commercially important target molecules.
* Rationalise the fundamental geometries of TM complexes.
* Utilise crystal field theory in determining the structures of TM complexes.
* Draw and interpret a range of phase diagrams to predict phase behaviour.
* Analyse, interpret and account for reaction rate data and their temperature dependence.
* Describe the connection between molecular kinetic properties and measured macroscopic gas phase features.
* Describe the bonding in diatomic molecules using molecular orbit (MO) theory.
* Construct MO energy level diagrams and be able to extract chemical information about them.
* Define the relationship between Gibbs free energy and chemical equilibrium under a wide range of conditions. .
* Perform qualitative and quantitative analyses of and solve problems involving chemical concepts and data.
* Apply some basic mathematical methods to the solution of chemical problems.
Content:
Properties, synthesis and interconversion reactions of alkynes, alcohols, ethers, amines, ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids with their derivatives. Similarities and differences between aliphatic and aromatic compounds. Introduction to aromaticity. Hückel's rule. Heteroaromatics. Electrophilic aromatic substitution. Mechanism and applications in synthesis. Nucleophilic attack on aromatic rings. Oxidation and reduction reactions. Applications in synthesis. Properties of co-ordination compounds. Tetrahedral, square planar and octahedral complexes; Introduction to Crystal Field Theory and splitting of d orbitals in octahedral and tetrahedral complexes. Molecular orbital theory for homo- and di- atomic molecules. Boltzmann equation, energy levels and molecular speeds in gases. Stoichiometry, molecularity; reaction rate and order: half-life; integrated rate equations. Experimental methods in reaction kinetics. Arrhenius equation. Consecutive reactions; intermediates; rate limiting steps; chain reactions; catalysis. Calculation of changes in U, H, S, G under a range of temp., pressure and composition conditions. Le Chatelier principle. Relation between Gibbs free energy and equilibrium constants with examples drawn from chemical reactions, redox and electrochemical processes. Phase behaviour of solids, liquids and gases. Qualitative and quantitative characterisation of phase transitions. Emphasis will be placed on the solution of a range of types of problems. Quantitative methods and problem solving in chemistry. Revision of basic calculus and trigonometric functions. Application of mathematical methods to solving chemical problems.

CH10094: Analytical chemistry & spectroscopy

Credits: 6
Level: Certificate
Semester: 1
Assessment: CW20EX80
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH10007 or take CH10008 or take CH10056
Aims: The Unit will provide an introduction to some techniques used for chemical analysis and to the principles of molecular spectroscopy. A range of applications will be described ranging from the analysis of single compounds and mixtures to the interpretation of spectra of complex molecules.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Select appropriate techniques for the analysis of compounds or elements in a range of situations.
* Describe the principles behind, as well as the usefulness and significance of, a selected range of analytical methods.
* Perform calculations of compound purity, composition of mixtures and related problems.
* Perform basic statistical calculations to assess the significance of results.
* Describe the origin of IR, NMR and mass spectra.
* Identify organic compounds from IR, NMR and UV spectra.
Skills:
Numeracy (F, A) Problem solving (T, F, A) Scientific writing (F, A) Oral communication (F).
Content:
Basic wet chemical analytical methods e.g titrimetry, gravimetry - methods and applications. Statistical treatment of analytical results. Electrochemical methods of analysis. Techniques for metals in the environment (AAS, AFS, ICP-MS). Chromatographic methods, theory, gas- and liquid- methods. Introduction to electromagnetic radiation. Energy levels and selection rules. UV/visible spectrophotmetry. Vibrational spectroscopy. Linear diatomics and polyatomic molecules. IR spectra of functional group containing compounds. Introduction to mass spectrometry. Origins and applications of proton and carbon NMR spectra. Solving structures from spectra.

CH10094: Analytical chemistry & spectroscopy

Credits: 6
Level: Certificate
Semester: 2
Assessment: CW20EX80
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH10007 or take CH10008 or take CH10056
Aims: The Unit will provide an introduction to some techniques used for chemical analysis and to the principles of molecular spectroscopy. A range of applications will be described ranging from the analysis of single compounds and mixtures to the interpretation of spectra of complex molecules.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Select appropriate techniques for the analysis of compounds or elements in a range of situations.
* Describe the principles behind, as well as the usefulness and significance of, a selected range of analytical methods.
* Perform calculations of compound purity, composition of mixtures and related problems.
* Perform basic statistical calculations to assess the significance of results.
* Describe the origin of IR, NMR and mass spectra.
* Identify organic compounds from IR, NMR and UV spectra.
Skills:
Numeracy (F, A) Problem solving (T, F, A) Scientific writing (F, A) Oral communication (F).
Content:
Basic wet chemical analytical methods e.g titrimetry, gravimetry - methods and applications. Statistical treatment of analytical results. Electrochemical methods of analysis. Techniques for metals in the environment (AAS, AFS, ICP-MS). Chromatographic methods, theory, gas- and liquid- methods. Introduction to electromagnetic radiation. Energy levels and selection rules. UV/visible spectrophotmetry. Vibrational spectroscopy. Linear diatomics and polyatomic molecules. IR spectra of functional group containing compounds. Introduction to mass spectrometry. Origins and applications of proton and carbon NMR spectra. Solving structures from spectra.

CH20013: Characterisation methods

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX80CW20
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10089 and take CH10090 and take CH20015
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to a number of techniques for characterisation of chemical compounds, including an introduction to Group Theory and its applications in interpreting the spectra and structures of inorganic compounds. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe the principles underlying the techniques studied.
* Interpret and make calculations based on simple X-ray diffraction patterns.
* Interpret and predict NMR spectra for a range of nuclei other than 1H , 13C.
* Interpret and predict ESR spectra. - Identify symmetry elements in and define the point group of a molecule. - Fully assign the vibrational spectra (IR and Raman) using Group Theory.
* Use Group Theory to draw MO diagrams for simple chemical species.
Content:
Overview of X-ray generation and use of filters. Crystal classes, lattices and unit cells. Bragg's Law. Uses of powder diffraction. General principles of NMR - magnetic properties of nuclei, sensitivity and abundance. Spectra with I>1/2 nuclei. Chemical shifts and coupling constants. Problems with I> 1/2 nuclei. Magnetic properties of the electron and the origin and interpretation of ESR spectra. The concept of symmetry and symmetry operations and their use to generate point groups for molecular species. Group Theory and vibrational spectoscopy.

CH20014: Synthesis of organic molecules

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX80CW20
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH20078 and before taking this unit you must take CH10090
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide the student with a working knowledge of important classes of organic transformations, including mechanisms. To give an overview of retrosynthetic analysis as a valuable method for the design of an organic molecule. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* interpret and predict NMR spectra and mass spectra;
* account for the importance of stereoselectivity in organic synthesis;
* demonstrate the important relationship between structure and reactivity for organic molecules;
* design syntheses of heterocyclic and alicyclic compounds from common starting materials;
* apply retrosynthesis methods to a selected range of compounds.
Content:
Interpretation of NMR spectra including homotopic and diastereotopic protons. Correlation spectroscopy. Mass spectrometry. The principles of retrosynthesis. The use of carbon nucleophiles in retrosynthesis. Malonate ester synthesis and applications. Umpolung reagents. Alkene synthesis, including Wittig reaction. Oxidation reactions of alkenes and alcohols. Reduction reactions of ketones and other carbonyl compounds. Review of aromatic chemistry. Description, reactivity and synthesis of heterocycles including pyrroles, furan, thiophene, pyridine and indoles. Synthesis and reactivity of naphthalene, quinolines and isoquinolines. Concepts of organopalladium chemistry. Concepts of combinatorial chemistry for the synthesis of libraries of heterocycles.

CH20015: Transition metal chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX80CW20
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH20079 and before taking this unit you must take CH10089 or take CH10007
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to the chemistry of transition metal elements and the theories underlying their behaviour. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe bonding models that can be applied to a consideration of the properties of transition metal compounds.
* Account for the solution chemistry of representative elements as a guide to the reactivity of the transition metals.
* Appreciate the chemistry of transition metal compounds containing metal-carbon s- and p-bonds.
Content:
General properties of transition metal compounds. Crystal field theory and ligand field theory. Descriptive chemistry of first row transition metal elements (e.g. V,Fe,Ni). Organometallics - nomenclature, electron counting. Metal-carbon s- and p-bonding.

CH20016: Interfacial chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX80CW20
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10090
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to the physical chemistry of interfaces and to demonstrate its significance in catalysis and colloid science. After studying this units, students should be able to:
* Describe and define the types of adsorption at solid surfaces
* Explain the qualitative and quantitative basis of catalysis and physical adsorption
* Define surface tension and solve simple problems involving its application
* Define and interpret the forces between two colloids
* Describe the different processes which control reactions at solid/liquid interfaces
Content:
Introduction to surfaces. Chemisorption versus physisorption. Adsorbed amounts. Types of isotherms: Langmuir Isotherm. Determination of heat of adsorption, BET isotherm: Introduction to heterogeneous catalysis. Kinetics of catalysis. Langmuir Hinshelwood mechanism. Eley Rideal mechanism. Catalysis examples Modern surface science techniques. Molecular basis and consequences of surface tension. Colloid stability. Micellisation. Gibbs equation. Reactions at solid/liquid interfaces. Mass transport, surface reactivity.

CH20017: Organic reaction mechanisms

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX80CW20
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014 or take CH20078
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To illustrate how the rate and mechanism of a chemical reaction can be understood in terms of the chemical structure of molecules. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe the synthetic chemistry of carbocations, anions and radical species and describe some of the mechanisms involved in their reaction.
* Describe some experimental methods for investigating reaction rate and mechanism.
* Account for the temperature dependence of reaction rates.
* Define the stereochemical implications of a range of common mechanisms.
* Summarise how the mechanism of a reaction may be found from structural and kinetic data.
* Rationalise the reactivity of molecules using stereoelectronic principles.
Content:
Evidence for mechanisms and intermediates; principles for acceptability;. Solvent and substituent effects on equilibria. Rates for reactions of various kinetic orders, and kinetic treatment of more complex mechanisms. Theoretical treatments of reaction kinetics and examples of their application. Reactions in solution. Catalysis by acids and bases.; Nucleophilic catalysis. Review of basic stereochemistry principles. The importance of stereoselective synthesis. Diastereomers and diastereoselective synthesis. Conformation of cyclohexanes - the importance of stereochemistry to reactivity - carbohydrates. Stereochemistry and mechanism. Frontier Molecular Orbital Theory and stereoelectronic effects. Aspects of the chemistry of carbocations, carbanions, radicals, carbenes, nitrenes, and arynes.

CH20020: Inorganic chemistry laboratory 2

Credits: 3
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH20021 and take CH20022 and take CH20023 and take CH20015 and before taking this unit you must take CH10010 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH20024 or take CH20025
Only available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide experience in synthetic inorganic chemistry and introduce a range of experimental techniques. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Perform straightforward syntheses of coordination and organometallic compounds.
* Analyse compounds using a range of physical methods.
* Deduce structural information from physical methods of analysis.
* Write a clear and concise account of the experimental work undertaken and the deductions made from it.
Content:
The experiments have been designed to illustate some of the important features of coordination and organometallic chemistry. Compounds will be prepared and information obtained from a number of physical methods including IR spectroscopy, NMR, UV/visible spectroscopy, atomic absorption and measurement of magnetic moment. Experiments illustrating specific techniques such as column chromatography and inert atmosphere chemistry will also be performed.

CH20021: Organic chemistry laboratory 2

Credits: 3
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 2
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH20020 and take CH20022 and take CH20023 and take CH20014 and before taking this unit you must take CH10011 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH20024 or take CH20025
This unit is only available to students on Chemistry programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
The aim of this Unit is to extend and develop laboratory skills and techniques necessary for competent practical organic chemists. To complement some of the lecture material presented in other Year 2 units and to provide experience in synthetic organic chemistry and, in particular, spectroscopic interpretation of structural features of componds. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* To recognise the relationship of the experiments to the lecture material presented in the other year 2 units.
* To interpret spectroscopic data of a wide variety and to relate this to the spatial, structural and chemical features of the compounds synthesised in the laboratory.
* To apply their experience in synthetic organic chemistry to other organic reactions.
* To demonstrate their practical skills and techniques to a good level of ability.
Content:
Experiments designed to illustrate the wide diversity of organic chemistry ranging from physical principles to organic synthesis and through to biological and natural product chemistry. These experiments will extend existing, and introduce new, skills and techniques to the students.

CH20022: Physical chemistry laboratory 2

Credits: 3
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH20020 and take CH20021 and take CH20023 and take CH20016 and before taking this unit you must take CH10012 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH20024 or take CH20025
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To build on existing physical chemistry techniques and reinforce lecture material. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* Use spreadsheets to analyse data in a competent manner.
* Understand the importance of advanced experimental design and safety
* Perform sophisticated experimental manipulation
* Evaluate complicated results in terms of the theory underlying the experiment
* Write coherent scientific reports on obtained data
Content:
6 self contained experiments to include: surface analysis, polymer viscosities, phase equilibria, electrochemical techniques, photochemistry and colloid science.

CH20022: Physical chemistry laboratory 2

Credits: 3
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 2
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH20020 and take CH20021 and take CH20023 and take CH20016 and before taking this unit you must take CH10012 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH20024 or take CH20025
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To build on existing physical chemistry techniques and reinforce lecture material. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* Use spreadsheets to analyse data in a competent manner.
* Understand the importance of advanced experimental design and safety
* Perform sophisticated experimental manipulation
* Evaluate complicated results in terms of the theory underlying the experiment
* Write coherent scientific reports on obtained data
Content:
6 self contained experiments to include: surface analysis, polymer viscosities, phase equilibria, electrochemical techniques, photochemistry and colloid science.

CH20023: Computational chemistry laboratory

Credits: 3
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH20020 and take CH20021 and take CH20022
Aims & Learning Objectives:
The principal aims of this practical introduction to the use of computational packages for molecular modelling as tools for the solution of chemical problems are to:
* provide an introductory experience in computational chemistry;
* introduce a range of techniques in molecular modelling and chemical IT;
* consolidate knowledge from lectures by hands-on visualisation and calculation;
* improve interpretive skills and report writing;
* enhance time management skills. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* build and manipulate computational molecular models to assist interpretation of chemical structure, bonding and properties;
* use computer packages to perform calculations to optimise molecular geometry, determine atomic charges and electrostatic potentials, display molecular orbitals and normal modes of vibration;
* use software packages to draw simple chemical structures and to access a chemical database;
* index, interpret and perform simple calculations based on powder X-ray diffraction photographs of crystalline materials with rubic Bravais lattices.
Content:
The exercises in this Unit complement the material presented during other parts of the chemisty programme.
* Molecular mechanics with SPARTAN: conformations of six-membered rings and peptides.
* Molecular orbital calculations with SPARTAN: qualitative MO theory and molecular vibrations; conjugation and colour; bonding in nickel complexes.
* Molecular dynamics with DEMOCRITUS.
* X-ray diffraction.
* Structure drawing with ISIS/Draw. Introduction to Beilstein and Gmelin electronic databases.

CH20023: Computational chemistry laboratory

Credits: 3
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 2
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH20020 and take CH20021 and take CH20022
Aims & Learning Objectives:
The principal aims of this practical introduction to the use of computational packages for molecular modelling as tools for the solution of chemical problems are to:
* provide an introductory experience in computational chemistry;
* introduce a range of techniques in molecular modelling and chemical IT;
* consolidate knowledge from lectures by hands-on visualisation and calculation;
* improve interpretive skills and report writing;
* enhance time management skills. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* build and manipulate computational molecular models to assist interpretation of chemical structure, bonding and properties;
* use computer packages to perform calculations to optimise molecular geometry, determine atomic charges and electrostatic potentials, display molecular orbitals and normal modes of vibration;
* use software packages to draw simple chemical structures and to access a chemical database;
* index, interpret and perform simple calculations based on powder X-ray diffraction photographs of crystalline materials with rubic Bravais lattices.
Content:
The exercises in this Unit complement the material presented during other parts of the chemisty programme.
* Molecular mechanics with SPARTAN: conformations of six-membered rings and peptides.
* Molecular orbital calculations with SPARTAN: qualitative MO theory and molecular vibrations; conjugation and colour; bonding in nickel complexes.
* Molecular dynamics with DEMOCRITUS.
* X-ray diffraction.
* Structure drawing with ISIS/Draw. Introduction to Beilstein and Gmelin electronic databases.

CH20024: Inorganic & computational chemistry laboratory

Credits: 3
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10009 and take CH10010 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH20020 or take CH20023
Aims & Learning Objectives:
Two aspects of practical chemistry will be introduced in this Unit. It aims to demonstrate the utility of synthetic inorganic chemistry and the use of computational packages for molecular modelling as tools for the solution of chemical problems. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Build and manipulate computational molecular models to assist interpretation of chemical structure, bonding and properties.
* Use computer packages to perform calculations to opitimise molecular geometry, determine atomic charges and electrostatic potentials, display molecular orbitals and normal modes of vibration.
* Perform straightforward syntheses of coordination and organometallic compounds.
* Analyse compounds using a number of physical methods.
* Deduce structural information from physical methods of analysis.
Content:
Experiments designed to illustrate the important features of metal d-block chemistry coordination chemistry, organometallics and metal-metal bonded compounds. Interpretation of spectra. Molecular mechanics with ARGUSLAB: conformations of six-membered rings and peptides. Qualitative molecular orbital theory with SPARTAN. Structure drawing with ISIS/Draw. Introduction to Beilstein and Gmelin electronic databases.

CH20025: Physical & organic chemistry laboratory

Credits: 3
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 2
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10011 and take CH10012 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH20020 or take CH20023
This unit is only available to students on Chemistry with Management programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To build on existing practical chemistry techniques and reinforce lecture material. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* Use spreadsheets to analyse data in a competent manner.
* Understand the importance of experimental design and safety
* Evaluate complicated results in terms of the theory underlying the experiment
* Write coherent scientific reports on obtained data
* To interpret spectroscopic data of a wide variety and to relate this to the spatial, structural and chemical features of the compounds synthesised in the laboratory.
* To apply their experience in synthetic organic chemistry to other organic reactions.
* To demonstrate their practical skills and techniques to a good level of ability.
Content:
Experiments involving surface analysis, colloid science, and reaction kinetics requiring computer based analysis of results. Synthesis of organic compounds and interpretation of information obtained from physical methods.

CH20078: Organic synthesis and spectroscopy (NS)

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: CW20PR10EX70
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10008 or take CH10090 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH20014
Only available to students on Natural Science programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide the student with a working knowledge of important classes of organic transformations, including mechanisms. To give an overview of retrosynthetic analysis as a valuable method for the design of an organic molecule. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* interpret and predict NMR spectra and mass spectra;
* account for the importance of stereoselectivity in organic synthesis;
* demonstrate the important relationship between structure and reactivity for organic molecules;
* perform straightforward synthetic and analytical procedures in the laboratory;
* design syntheses of heterocyclic and alicyclic compounds from common starting materials;
* apply retrosynthesis methods to a selected range of compounds.
Content:
Interpretation of NMR spectra including homotopic and diastereotopic protons. Correlation spectroscopy. Mass spectrometry. The principles of retrosynthesis. The use of carbon nucleophiles in retrosynthesis. Malonate ester synthesis and applications. Umpolung reagents. Alkene synthesis, including Wittig reaction. Oxidation reactions of alkenes and alcohols. Reduction reactions of ketones and other carbonyl compounds. Review of aromatic chemistry. Description, reactivity and synthesis of heterocycles including pyrroles, furan, thiophene, pyridine and indoles. Synthesis and reactivity of naphthalene, quinolines and isoquinolines. Concepts of organopalladium chemistry. Concepts of combinatorial chemistry for the synthesis of libraries of heterocycles.

CH20079: Transition metal chemistry (NS)

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: CW20PR10EX70
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10007 or (take CH10089 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH20015
Only available to students on Natural Science programmes.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to the chemistry of transition metal elements and the theories underlying their behaviour. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe bonding models that can be applied to a consideration of the properties of transition metal compounds.
* Account for the solution chemistry of representative elements as a guide to the reactivity of the transition metals.
* Perform straightforward synthetic and analytical procedures in the laboratory.
* Appreciate the chemistry of transition metal compounds containing metal-carbon s- and p-bonds.
Content:
General properties of transition metal compounds. Crystal field theory and ligand field theory. Descriptive chemistry of first row transition metal elements (eg V,Fe,Ni). Organometallics - nomenclature, electron counting. Metal carbon s and pbonding.

CH20095: Main group and environmental chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 2
Assessment: CW20EX80
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10090 and take CH10005
Aims: To introduce the concept of 'synthesis of the elements' and the principles of radio- and nuclear-chemistry and their applications. To introduce aspects of the chemistry of the 'heavy' main group elements and the principles governing their chemistry. To introduce the principles of main group organometallic chemistry including methods of synthesis, reactivity and a description of the bonding within these systems. To introduce the topic of environmental chemistry including Tropospheric and Stratospheric reaction processes.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying the unit, students should be able to:
* Describe the genesis of the elements and selected nuclear properties, such as factors affecting nuclear stability and outline-selected applications of radioactive decay processes.
* Describe the synthesis, structure, bonding and applications of selected organo s- and p-block compounds.
* Describe the properties and factors effecting stability and reactivity of heavy p-block containing compounds.
* Describe the chemistry behind important environmental problems such as global warming and ozone depletion.
Skills:
Numeracy (F, A), Problem solving (T, F, A), Scientific Writing (F, A), Independent Working (F), Group working (F).
Content:
The genesis of the elements. The nature, properties and applications of radioactivity and radioactive elements. The nature and properties of heavy (non first-row) p-block element containing compounds. Chemistry of the noble gases. The role of d-orbitals in main group element bonding. 3-centre 4-electron MO bonding description. The synthesis, structure, bonding and reactivity of main group organometallics (e.g. organolithiums and organoaluminiums). The application of selected of main group organometallic compounds. Atmospheric chemistry and the roles of N, O and halogens in relation to ozone producing cycles and organic radicals. The Greenhouse effect.

CH20096: Quantum mechanics and spectroscopy

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 2
Assessment: CW20EX80
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10090 and take CH10094
Aims: The Unit will describe the physical basis of spectroscopy, developing from the basic quantum mechanics of simple molecules to the interpretation of spectra of complex molecules.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Define the terms 'wavefunction' and 'eigenvalue'.
* Relate physical models to quantisation of molecular and electronic energies.
* Use quantum mechanical methods to generate and rationalise the structure and bonding in organic molecules.
* Predict the pure rotation and vibration-rotation spectra of linear diatomic molecules.
* Describe the fundamental processes that lead to absorption, emission and scattering of electromagnetic radiation from molecular species, and interpret IR and Raman spectra.
Skills:
Numeracy (F, A), Problem solving (T, F, A) Scientific writing (F, A), Independent working (F) Group working (F)
Content:
Basic principles of quantum mechanics; wavefunctions, eigenvalues and operators. Solving the Schrödinger equation and the calculation of energy levels. Development of the variation method applied to diatomic molecules and hydrocarbons. Calculation of electronic and bonding energies. The relationship between molecular orbitals, electron density and reactivity. Introduction to electromagnetic radiation. Rotational spectroscopy; rigid rotor model. Vibrational spectroscopy. Linear diatomic and polyatomic molecules. Vibration-rotation spectroscopy. IR vibrational spectra of complex molecules. Rotational and vibrational Raman spectroscopy. Electronic adsorption and emission processes. The fate of electronically excited states. Fluorescence and phosphorescence.

CH20097: Drug properties

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 2
Assessment: CW20EX80
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10089 and take CH10090 and take CH20014
Aims: The Unit will provide an introduction to the properties of drugs and some of the key aspects of medicinal chemistry which need to be considered by chemists involved in synthesising new drug molecules.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* identify common features of drug molecules;
* illustrate the utility of 'log P' values and the importance of drug solubility;
* describe structure/activity relationships and understand how this aids the drug discovery process;
* provide examples of how drugs are able to interact with DNA/RNA/enzyme receptors;
* provide examples of drug metabolism.
Skills:
Numeracy (F, A); Problem solving (T, F, A); Scientific writing (F, A), Independent working (F); Group working (F).
Content:
Properties of drugs described by the Lapinski rules. Definition and use of log P and its relevance to bioavailability. Structure/activity relationships. Overview of successful drugs. Interactions of drug molecules with DNA and RNA. Case studies of enzyme inhibition and the mechanism of drug action. Natural products as drugs.

CH20126: Reaction kinetics and photochemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Intermediate
Semester: 1
Assessment: CW20EX80
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH10090 or take CH10007
Aims: To illustrate how the rate and mechanism of chemical reactions can be measured and understood to correlate molecular behaviour.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe some experimental methods for investigating reaction rate and mechanism and how kinetic parameters may be calculated.
* Account in kinetic terms for the mechanism of a range of reactions.
* Analyse kinetic data in terms of a number of theoretical models.
* Account for the effect of parameters such as temperature, pressure, concentration, ionic strength, solvent on reaction kinetics.
* Describe the effect of light on some chemical reactions and account for the rates of photochemical processes.
Skills:
Numeracy (F, A), Problem solving (T, F, A) Independent Working (F).
Content:
The Unit will describe the physical basis of spectroscopy, developing from the basic quantum mechanics of simple molecules to the interpretation of spectra of complex molecules. Revision of basics of reaction kinetics - order, molecularity, temperature effects. Kinetic treatment of more complex mechanisms such as chain and oscillating reactions, enzyme kinetics. Theoretical treatments of reaction kinetics and examples of their application. e.g. collision theory, transition state theory. Reactions in solution. Diffusion and activation control, the "cage" effect. Experimental methods for studying reactions: Basic photochemical methods and processes. Applications of photochemistry. Kinetics of photochemical reactions. New methods of studying reactions: molecular beams; reaction dynamics.

CH30030: d- and f- block chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20015
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce the principles of the chemistry of the heavy transition metals and of the lanthanides and actinides. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Explain the systematic trends across the d-block elements.
* Contrast the differences down individual d-block triads.
* Rationalise the chemistry of lanthanide and actinide compounds in terms of oxidation state and coordination number.
Content:
A description of the chemistry of the second and third row d-block elements. The contrast between the chemistry of these heavier d-block elements with those of the first row. Selected chemistry of a d-block triad. A description of the chemistry of the lanthanide and actinide elements. A comparison of this chemistry with that of s, p and d-block elements. Magnetic and spectroscopic properties of the complexes of these elements.

CH30033: Electrochemistry and surfaces

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20016 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH40033
Aims & Learning Objectives:
This course provides an introduction to both kinetic electrochemistry and modern methods of modifying and studying surfaces including Surface Plasmon Resonance, Plasmon Fluorescence. Additionally, methods of modifying surfaces with molecules and polymers to make e.g. sensor devices will be discussed. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Define the relationship between mass transport and electron transfer processes in electrochemical measurements.
* Analyse current-voltage behaviour for potential step and cyclic voltammetry measurements.
* Understand how a molecular build up approach can be used to make functional surfaces.
* Understand how SPR, electrochemistry and impedance,can be used to gain real time information about molecular adsorption and protein-molecule binding.
Content:
Introduction and revision of basic concepts in electrochemistry, Electrode kinetics and deriving the Nernst & Butler-Volmer equation, Coupled electron transfer and chemical reactions: EC, ECE and ECE' mechanisms. The glucose biosensor, Methods to improve signal noise; Square Wave & Pulse voltammetry, thin layer cells. Surface Plasmon Resonance: Theory and Application. Kinetic analysis of surface binding. Impedance Spectroscopy: Analysis of thin films at surfaces. Scanning Force Microscopies. Fluorescence methods.

CH30036: Biopolymers

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014 and while taking this unit you must take CH30039 and take CH30032 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH40036
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an overview of biopolymer structures (carbohydrates, nucleic acids). After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* Show an appreciation of carbohydrate and nucleic acid chemistry.
* Determine the structure of an unknown polysaccharide.
* Explain what is meant by the terms gene and clone.
* Describe how DNA can be manipulated in the test tube.
* Describe how DNA analysis is useful in forensic science and archaeology.
Content:
Monosaccharide and oligosaccharide chemistry and stereochemistry. Carbohydrates as acetals and hemiacetals, relating them to mainstream organic chemistry. Application of NMR spectroscopy to carbohydrate structures. Synthesis of disaccharides with an emphasis on protecting group strategies. The diversity of naturally ocurring carbohydrates in a monomeric and polymeric form and their role in biochemistry. Brief summary of DNA and genes. Manipulating (cutting, pasting and amplifying) DNA with enzymes. DNA fingerprinting and crime/paternity cases. Ancient DNA and archaeology. Nanomachines made of DNA.

CH30037: Synthesis of medicinal compounds

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014 or in taking this unit you cannot take CH40037
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce and illustrate how advanced synthetic organic chemistry is used in the preparation of medicinally valuable compounds. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* Describe several methods for preparing compound libraries based on a given framework.
* Apply the concept of Solid Phase Organic Synthesis (SPOS) to combinatorial chemistry.
* Define reagents and strategies for the assembly of defined stereochemical arrays.
* Design rational analogues, or modified compounds from given medical agents.
Content:
The unit will illustrate the complex relationship between organic chemistry and medicine: Introduction to combinatorial chemistry. Solid Phase Organic Synthesis (SPOS), resins and linkers. Parallel synthesis. Case studies. In addition, several disease areas will be selected and compounds used to treat them considered. The focus of the unit will be the methods used to synthesise those compounds. Areas covered will include:- Prostaglandins, b-Lactams, ionophoro antibiotics and anti-cancer drugs.

CH30038: Neutron scattering for chemists

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20016 or in taking this unit you cannot take CH40038
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to the theory and practice of modern neutron scattering as applied to chemical systems. After studying this units, students should be able to:
* Define and describe scattering parameters for neutrons.
* Describe typical neutron scattering experimental set-up.
* Discuss the use of isotopic substitution and contrast variation.
* Discuss small angle scattering data.
* Discuss in detail neutron scattering from interfaces.
Content:
Introduction: Why neutrons? Scattering theory. Properties of the neutron and production of high fluxes. Experimental detail - neutron spectrometers. Detection of neutrons. Coherent and Incoherent scattering. Elastic and inelastic scattering. Small Angle scattering. Neutron reflection.

CH30039: Computational chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH40039
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to computational chemistry describing the range of chemical problems relating to inorganic and biological materials that are accessible to these techniques. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate the relationship between interatomic forces and chemical properties and identify where computer simulation techniques can be used.
* Describe the usefulness and limitations of selected methods in a variety of chemical situations.
Content:
Definitions of terms such as ensembles and periodic boundaries. Description of energy minimisation methods. Introduction to zeolite catalysts and the role of energy minimisation in understanding their properties. Introduction to molecular dynamics and its use in calculating thermodynamic and diffusion properties. The role of molecular dynamics in modelling diffusion. Introduction to Monte Carlo techniques, including applications e.g. crystal growth.

CH30042: Inorganic cages & clusters

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20015 or in taking this unit you cannot take CH40042
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce the principles of main group (esp. boranes) and transition metal cluster chemistry including methods of synthesis, reactivity and a description of the bonding within these systems. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Predict the structure and reactivity of boranes, heteroboranes and metalloboranes.
* Rationalise the structure of transition metal clusters.
* Describe the synthesis of low nuclearity transition metal clusters.
Content:
Boron Hydrides - introduction and cluster shapes. Wade's Rules - predicting cluster shape. M.O. theory and Wade's rules. Isolobal Theory. Metalloboranes. Synthesis of Boron hydride compounds. Reactivity of Boron hydride compounds. Clusters with main group elements other than boron (Zintl ions, P4 etc) Types of transition metal clusters. Metal framework structures. The role of the ligands - carbonyls, hydrides, phosphines. Structure and bonding in clusters. Extension of Wade's rules to metal clusters. Mingos condensed polyhedral approach. Synthesis and characterization of metal carbonyl clusters. Pyrolysis, thermolysis, redox condensations. Cluster build up reactions. Ligand reactivity - hydrides and carbonyls. Clusters in catalysis.

CH30043: Advanced practical chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: PR100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20020 and take CH20021 and take CH20022 and (take CH30033 or take CH20024) and take CH20025
Only available to students in the Department of Chemistry
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce students to a variety of advanced practical chemistry techniques and involves planning and executing experimental work and reporting the results in a number of formats. After completing this Unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate skills in planning and executing practical problems in Chemistry.
* Work in a team - allocation and correlation of tasks and collection of data.
* Present the results of an investigation in written reports.
* Demonstrate experimental skills appropriate to the chosen project.
Content:
Students will work in either small groups or singly on problems in inorganic, organic and physical chemistry. A problem will be set and appropriate experimental protocols will need to be researched and designed. After completion of the work, a variety of reporting formats will be used to emphasise students' communication skills.

CH30050: The chemical literature

Credits: 6
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: RT60OR40
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20020 and take CH20021 and take CH20022 and (take CH30033 or take CH20024) and take CH20025
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce students to the skills necessary in retrieving information from a variety of Chemical Literature sources and preparation of an in-depth report on a topic. After studying the Unit, students should be able to
* Recognise and use appropriate text and electronic sources of chemical information
* Assemble information from a number of sources into a coherent report
* Prepare and deliver an oral presentation using appropriate visual aids
Content:
In conjunction with a supervisor, a topic of recent research or other chemical significance will be selected. Several key references will be identified and the student will use these as a basis to prepare a detailed, critical survey of the area. In addition to `paper' sources, computer based data retrieval systems will be used. Students will prepare a written report and also a short oral presentation on the selected topic.

CH30050: The chemical literature

Credits: 6
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: RT60OR40
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20020 and take CH20021 and take CH20022 and (take CH30033 or take CH20024) and take CH20025
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce students to the skills necessary in retrieving information from a variety of Chemical Literature sources and preparation of an in-depth report on a topic. After studying the Unit, students should be able to
* Recognise and use appropriate text and electronic sources of chemical information
* Assemble information from a number of sources into a coherent report
* Prepare and deliver an oral presentation using appropriate visual aids
Content:
In conjunction with a supervisor, a topic of recent research or other chemical significance will be selected. Several key references will be identified and the student will use these as a basis to prepare a detailed, critical survey of the area. In addition to `paper' sources, computer based data retrieval systems will be used. Students will prepare a written report and also a short oral presentation on the selected topic.

CH30054: Industrial placement (BSc hons)

Credits: 60
Level: Honours
Academic Year
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH30058 and take CH30082 and take CH30084
Available for students on BSc sandwich courses in the Department of Chemistry. Will also be available to Natural Science students registered with the department.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide students with an opportunity to gain a years experience of working in a chemical company or related organisation. The placement will allow students to:
* Apply knowledge and skills gained at University to real applications of Chemistry and related areas.
* Demonstrate a range of "key skills" such as team work, time and project management, oral and written communication.
* Participate in an extended programme of scientific work and develop professional skills appropriate to that area of work.
Content:
A laboratory or office based project with training programme will be conducted in a company or organisation approved by the Department of Chemistry. The content will depend on the precise requirements of the placement company.

CH30055: Industrial placement (MChem)

Credits: 42
Level: Honours
Academic Year
Assessment: OT100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH40062 and take CH40130 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30060 or take CH30081 or take CH30083
Available only for students on M.Chem. with Industrial Training degree scheme.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide students with an opportunity to gain a years experience of working in a chemical company or related organisation. During the placement, students will be expected to:
* Apply knowledge and skills gained at University to real applications of Chemistry and related areas.
* Demonstrate a range of "key skills" such as team work, time and project management, oral and written communication.
* Participate in an extended programme of experimental work and develop practical skills appropriate to the area of work.
* Participate in discussions concerning their work and contribute ideas as appropriate.
* Prepare an oral presentation and a poster at appropriate times during the placement
Content:
A research project will be conducted in a company or organisation approved by the Department of Chemistry. The content will depend on the precise requirements of the placement.

CH30058: Study year abroad (BSc hons)

Credits: 60
Level: Honours
Academic Year
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH30054 or take CH30082 or take CH30084
Only available to students on BSc programmes with Study Year Abroad. Exceptionally, the unit may be available to students on BSc Natural Science.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
Students will gain experience of living and studying in a University outside the UK. They will have the opportunity to develop personal and linguistic skills in addition to developing their knowledge and understanding of chemistry and its applications. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* develop personal and interpersonal communication skills;
* demonstrate the ability to work and interact effectively in a group environment in which cultural norms and ways of operating may be unfamiliar;
* operate effectively with people from a different cultural background;
* (where appropriate) improve their knowledge of the host language by attending classes therein and interacting with native speakers.
Content:
The precise programme of study will normally involve an in depth research project, attendance at appropriate classes to support the research topic as well as other classes. The programme will vary considerably depending on the host University but will be agreed in advance with the Director of Studies.

CH30060: Study year abroad (MChem)

Credits: 42
Level: Honours
Academic Year
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH30055 or take CH30081 or take CH30083 and while taking this unit you must take CH40092 and take CH40130
Only available to students on M.Chem programmes with study year abroad.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
Students will gain experience of living and studying in a University outside the UK. They will have the opportunity to develop personal and linguistic skills in addition to developing their knowledge and understanding of chemistry and its applications. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* develop personal and interpersonal communication skills;
* demonstrate the ability to work and interact effectively in a group environment in which cultural norms and ways of operating may be unfamiliar;
* operate effectively with people from a different cultural background;
* (where appropriate) improve their knowledge of the host language by attending classes therein and interacting with native speakers.
Content:
The precise programme of study will normally involve a high level chemical research project, attendance at appropriate classes to support the research topic as well as other classes. The programme will vary considerably depending on the host University but will be largely related to the chemical sciences and will be agreed in advance with the Director of Studies. The academic level of the programme will be at a similar level to those taken by Year 3 MChem students at Bath.

CH30061: Distance learning options in Chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Honours
Academic Year
Assessment: CW50EX50
Requisites:
Only available to students on MChem programmes with industrial placement or year abroad.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To allow students to develop core knowledge in Chemistry which will be built on in the final year of the course and to encourage approaches to independent learning. After studying the unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate the ability to learn outside the formal confines of lecture based teaching.
* Describe in-depth knowledge of the chosen areas.
Content:
Students will choose two options from a number presented across a range of inorganic, organic and physical chemistry. Appropriate independent learning materials will be supplied and students will undertake the study in their own time during the placement year.

CH30063: Chemistry research project

Credits: 12
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX35OT65
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH40047 or take CH40048 or take CH40040 or take CH40049
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To allow students to experience a practical research project typical of research in an academic environment. To further develop and reinforce the skills necessary for research work. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate advanced experimental techniques appropriate to the chosen project
* Record experimental observations and data in an efficient manner
* Present results in a variety of forms and place them into context of other researchers' work
* Demonstrate the ability to plan and conduct an experimental programme
Content:
A research topic will be selected in conjunction with a supervising member of staff and a program of experimental work planned. In addition to the experimental aspects, appropriate library work will be conducted. Aspects of project planning, safety, report writing skills and oral presentations will be introduced as appropriate.

CH30064: Supramolecular chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20015 or in taking this unit you cannot take CH40064
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To look at chemistry `beyond the molecule' and how a variety of intermolecular interactions can be exploited in terms of molecular recognition both in solution and in the solid state. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* describe some important examples of host-guest chemistry.
* relate the self-organisation of simple molecules to the wider aspects of chemistry.
* highlight future applications of supramolecular chemistry.
Content:
Introduction to supramolecular chemistry - concepts of molecular recognition, self-assembly, complementarity and receptor-substrate relationships. Host-guest chemistry. Cation and anion recognition and molecular sensors. Catenanes and rotaxanes. Molecular machines and supramolecular catalysis. Ligand design - steric and electronic effects. Use of coordination to control shape. Helices, squares and grids. Coordination polymers. Hydrogen bonding - introduction, molecular recognition and crystal engineering. Weaker interactions - p-p stacking C-H...O interactions and d¹º - d¹º interactions (aurophilicity).

CH30066: Inorganic reaction mechanisms & homogeneous catalysis

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20015 or in taking this unit you cannot take CH40066
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To develop an understanding of Inorganic reaction mechanisms and modern homogeneous catalytic processes. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe substitution reactions of 4- and 6- coordinate transition metal compounds.
* Account for electron transfer processes
* Appreciate catalytic cycles and the mechanisms that underpin them.
Content:
Reaction types - associative, dissociative, interchange. Trans- effect and solvent participation in reactions of 4 coordinate complexes. Eigen-Wilkins mechanism; inner and outer electron transfer. Simple Marcus theory. Organometallic mechanisms; Examples of catalytic reactions. Monsanto process, hydroformylation and hydrogenation reactions. Alkene polymerisation and metathesis.

CH30067: Introduction to polymer chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Aims & Learning Objectives:
This core unit will introduce the basic concepts needed to describe the synthesis and characterisation of a range of polymers in order to understand how their properties can be controlled. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate an understanding of how polymer structure can be influenced by the methods of synthesis and how this affects material properties.
* Describe and explain methods for synthesis by step- and chain growth polymerization
* Perform a range of numerical problems concerning polymerization chemistry
Content:
Classification and types of polymers. Synthesis of polymers with examples taken from several different classes (addition, step-growth, ring opening, organometallic) with the emphasis on how physicochemical considerations influence the polymer structure. Characterisation of polymers (molecular weight and chain length, spectroscopy, thermal methods). Structure and morphology of polymers and how this influences properties. Polymer solutions and thermodynamics of polymer mixtures. A survey of recent applications taken from current research and industrial topics.

CH30068: Physical organic chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX67CW33
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20017 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH40068
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To revise some basic concepts in physical organic chemistry and develop a number of ideas used to correlate reactivity and mechanism in a range of organic reactions. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe some experimental tools for investigating reaction mechanisms and the use of some theoretical models for their correlation and interpretation
* Solve a range of problems involving numerical and mechanistic information
Content:
Energy changes in equilibria and reactivity. Transition states and saddle points. Activation parameters. Analysis of reaction coordinates. Principle of Least Nuclear Motion. Hammond Postulate. More O'Ferrall - Jencks diagrams. Rate - equilibrium correlations. Hammett equation as an example of a linear free-energy relationship. Signficance of s and r for reactivity and mechanism. Complex Hammett plots : change in mechanism vs. change in rate-determining step. Equilibrium and kinetic isotope effects. Primary and secondary effects and their significance. Heavy-atom effects. Solvent isotope effects.

CH30070: Recent developments in organic chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014
Aims & Learning Objectives:
This unit covers the concepts and ideas needed to understand modern stereoselective organic synthesis. After studying this unit students should be able to:
* Analyse the stereochemical course of a variety of reactions.
* Describe reagent systems to effect a wide range of simple transformations.
* Apply the information learned to solve new problems.
Content:
The unit begins with a section concerned with simple diastereoselection, focusing on the reactions of carbonyl and alkene systems. The concepts of allylic strain and directed reactions are introduced. The use of chiral auxiliaries to control the stereochemistry of organic reactions forms the second section. Particular systems studied include the use of SAMP and RAMP hydrazones and Evans' auxiliaries to control a range of chiral-enolate based bond constructions. The final selection of the unit focuses on the development and application of practical enantioselective catalysts of particular relevance to the fine chemical industry. Examples of transformations to be studied will include hydrogenation of double bonds, oxidations and carbon-carbon bond forming reactions.

CH30071: Organoelement chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014 or take CH20078
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To describe some modern aspects of organic synthesis, including, the use of unconventional elements in synthesis. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Appreciate why organoelement chemistry is used in synthesis.
* Describe a wide range of new synthetic transformations.
* Describe fully the mechanism of these reactions.
* Apply the information learnt to solve new problems.
Content:
Organoboron chemistry. Organosilicon chemistry. Organophosphorus chemistry. Organosulphur chemistry. Organometallics in Organic Synthesis. Carbonylation reactions. Coupling reactions. Methods of C-C bond formation.

CH30072: Main group ring systems

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20095 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH40072
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To consider the synthesis, structure, bonding and uses of main group ring compounds with particular emphasis on the transition from ionic to covalent systems. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Explain the solid state and solution structures of a range of main group ring compounds (i.e. those containing Li, Mg, Al, B, Si, P and S)
* Describe how these compounds are synthesised and how their structure and bonding varies
* Describe some uses of these compounds
* Interpret analytical data (e.g. NMR) in order to elucidate structures
Content:
The structure, bonding and synthesis of organolithium ring systems. A detailed examination of lithium amide and imide structures leading to a general theory of ring stacking and laddering. Comparison of Li, Mg and Al ring systems. A survey of the synthesis, structure and bonding of B-N, Si-N, P-N and S-N ring systems.

CH30074: Photochemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To revise the basic principles of photo chemistry taught in previous units and to introduce techniques for the study of and applications of photochemistry. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Account for the formation and decay of electronically excited states in molecules
* Describe modern instrumental methods for photochemical investigation
* Solve a range of quantitative problems in these topics.
Content:
Absorption and emission of light. Jablonskii scheme. Excited state kinetics and quenching. Experimental methods. Properties and reactions of excited states. Examples of photochemical processes including photosynthesis, photography, solar energy conversion and atmospheric photochemistry.

CH30081: Industrial placement (MChem - half year)

Credits: 21
Level: Honours
Academic Year
Assessment: OT100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH30083 and take CH40092 and take CH40130 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30055 or take CH30060
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide students with an opportunity to gain experience of working in a chemical company or related organisation. During the placement, students will be expected to:
* Apply knowledge and skills gained at University to real applications of Chemistry and related areas.
* Demonstrate a range of "key skills" such as team work, time and project management, oral and written communication.
* Participate in an extended programme of experimental work and develop practical skills appropriate to the area of work.
* Participate in discussions concerning their work and contribute ideas as appropriate.
Content:
A research project will be conducted in a company or organisation approved by the Department of Chemistry. The content will depend on the precise requirements of the placement.

CH30082: Industrial placement (BSc - half year)

Credits: 30
Level: Honours
Academic Year
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH30084 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30054 or take CH30058
Available for students on BSc sandwich courses in the Department of Chemistry. Will also be available to Natural Sciences students registered with the Department.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide students with an opportunity to gain experience of working in a chemical company or related organisation. The placement will allow students to:
* Apply knowledge and skills gained at University to real applications of Chemistry and related areas.
* Demonstrate a range of "key skills" such as team work, time and project management, oral and written communication.
* Participate in an extended programme of scientific work and develop professional skills appropriate to that area of work.
Content:
A laboratory or office based project with training programme will be conducted in a company or organisation approved by the Department of Chemistry. The content will depend on the precise requirements of the placement company.

CH30083: Study period abroad (MChem - half year)

Credits: 21
Level: Honours
Academic Year
Assessment: OT100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH30081 and take CH40092 and take CH40130 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30055 or take CH30060
Only available to students on M.Chem programmes with a study year abroad component.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
Students will gain experience of living and studying in a University outside the UK. They will have the opportunity to develop personal and linguistic skills in addition to developing their knowledge and understanding of chemistry and its applications. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* develop personal and interpersonal communication skills;
* demonstrate the ability to work and interact effectively in a group environment in which cultural norms and ways of operating may be unfamiliar;
* operate effectively with people from a different cultural background;
* (where appropriate) improve their knowledge of the host language by attending classes therein and interacting with native speakers.
Content:
A period of up to 6 months will be spent in an approved University outside the UK. The precise programme of study will normally involve a project in a chemical science as well as attendance at appropriate other classes. The programme will vary considerably depending on the host University but will be largely related to the chemical sciences and will be agreed in advance with the Director of Studies. The academic level of the programme will be at a similar level to those taken by Year 3 MChem students at Bath.

CH30084: Study period abroad (BSc - half year)

Credits: 30
Level: Honours
Academic Year
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH30082 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30058 and take CH30054
Only available to students on BSc programmes Study Year Abroad with Industrial Experience.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
Students will gain experience of living and studying in a University outside the UK. They will have the opportunity to develop personal and linguistic skills in addition to developing their knowledge and understanding of chemistry and its applications. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* develop personal and interpersonal communication skills;
* demonstrate the ability to work and interact effectively in a group environment in which cultural norms and ways of operating may be unfamiliar;
* operate effectively with people from a different cultural background;
* (where appropriate) improve their knowledge of the host language by attending classes therein and interacting with native speakers.
Content:
A period of up to 6 months will be spent at an approved University outside the UK. The precise programme of study will normally involve a short research project as well as attendance at appropriate other classes. The programme will vary considerably depending on the host University but will be agreed in advance with the Director of Studies.

CH30086: Inorganic chemistry in biological systems

Credits: 3
Level: Honours
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must (take CH20013 and take CH20014 and take CH20015) or (take CH20078 and take CH20079) and in taking this unit you cannot take CH40086
Aims & Learning Objectives:
The overall aim of this course is to provide an introduction to bio-inorganic chemistry with a focus on the role of d- and f-block elements in biology. At the end of this unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate an understanding of how and why the coordination chemistry of metals are used in biological systems.
* Account for the considerable current research attention attracted by transition metals in bioinorganic chemistry.
* Account for the bonding features relating to structural and reactivity patterns.
Content:
Metals in biology - basic coordination chemistry and analytical methods used in bioinorganic chemistry - metal containing enzyme systems - structural role of metals - metals in medicine.

CH30127: Topics in inorganic chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20013 and take CH20015 and take CH20095
In taking this unit you cannot take P-block chemistry as a component of CH30061.
Aims: To introduce the principles of the chemistry of the heavy transition metals, the lanthanides and actinides and selected topics in P-block chemistry, with emphasis on the elements of Groups 13 - 15.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* explain the systematic trends across the d-block elements.
* contrast the differences down individual d-block triads.
* rationalise the chemistry of lanthanide and actinide compounds in terms of oxidation state and coordination number.
* devise synthetic methods for the preparation of functionalised organometallic compounds of Group 13 -15 elements.
* understand how spectroscopic methods can help in structure determination and predict structures of these compounds.
* understand the role of steric and electronic factors in stabilising unusual bonding modes.
* describe the role of metal-organic compounds in the electronics industry.
Skills:
Problem solving (T, F, A); Scientific writing (F, A); Independent working (F); Group working (F).
Content:
A description of the chemistry of the second and third row d-block elements. The contrast between the chemistry of these heavier d-block elements with those of the first row. Selected chemistry of a d-block triad. A description of the chemistry of the lanthanide and actinide elements. A comparison of this chemistry with that of s, p and d-block elements. Magnetic and spectroscopic properties of the complexes of these elements.Synthesis and reactivity of main group organometallics. Trends in structure and bonding; application of spectroscopic methods (NMR, Mössbauer). Low oxidation State Compounds. Catenation and Inorganic Polymers. Multiple Bonding Between Main Group Elements; aromaticity. Main Group Chemistry and the Electronics Industry; MOCVD.

CH30128: Topics in organic chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014 or take CH20078
In taking this unit you cannot take Recent developments in organic chemistry as a component of CH30061.
Aims: The aim of the unit is to give students a thorough grounding in the methods, strategies and reagents employed in modern stereoselective organic synthesis.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying this unit students should be able to:
* Analyse the stereochemical course of a variety of reactions.
* Describe reagent systems to effect a wide range of simple transformation.
* Appreciate why organoelement chemistry is used in synthesis.
* Describe a wide range of new synthetic transformations.
* Describe fully the mechanism of these reactions.
* Apply the information learnt to solve problems.
Skills:
Problem solving (T, F, A), Scientific writing (F, A), Independent working (F), Group working (F).
Content:
The unit begins with a section concerned with the simple diastereoselection, focusing on the reactions of carbonyl and alkene systems. The concepts of allylic strain and directed reactions are introduced. the use of chiral auxiliaries to control the sterochemistry of organic reactions forms the second section. Particular systems studied include the use of SAMP and RAMP hydrozones and Evans' auxiliaries to control a range of chiral-enolate based bond constructions. The final section of the unit focuses on the development and application of practical enantioselective catalysts of particular relevance to the fine chemical industry. Examplse of transformations to be studied will include hydrogenation of double bonds, oxidations and carbon-carbon bond forming reactions. Organoboron chemistry. Organosilicon chemistry. Organophosphorus chemistry. Organosulphur chemistry. Organometallics in Organic synthesis. Carbonylation reactions. Coupling Reactions. Methods of C-C bond formation.

CH30129: Topics in physical chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Honours
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
In taking this unit you may not take polymer chemistry as a component of CH30061.
Aims: This core unit will introduce the basic concepts needed to describe the synthesis and characterisation of a range of polymers in order to understand how their properties can be controlled. The basic principles of photochemistry taught in previous units will be reinforced and techniques for the study of and applications of photochemistry will be introduced.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying this unit students should be able to :
* Demonstrate an understanding of how polymer structures can be influenced by the methods of synthesis by step- and chain growth polymerisation.
* Account for the formation and decay of electronically excited states in molecules.
* Describe modern instrumental methods for photochemical investigation.
* Solve a range of quantitative problems in these topics.
Skills:
Problem solving (T, F, A), Scientific Writing (F, A), Independent working (F), Group working (F).
Content:
Classification and types of polymers. Synthesis of polymers with examples taken from several different classes (addition, step-growth, ring opening, organometallic) with the emphasis on how physicochemical considerations influence the polymer structure. Characterisation of polymers (molecular weight and chain length, spectroscopy, thermal methods). Structure and morphology of polymers and how this influences properties. Polymer solutions and thermodynamics of polymer mixtures. A survey of recent applications taken from current research and industrial topics.Absorption and emission of light. Jablonskii scheme. Excited state kinetics and quenching. Experimental methods. Properties and reactions of excited states. Examples of photochemical processes including photosynthesis, photography, solar energy conversion and atmospheric photochemistry.

CH40033: Electrochemistry and surfaces

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20016 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30033
Aims & Learning Objectives:
This course provides an introduction to both kinetic electrochemistry and modern methods of modifying and studying surfaces including Surface Plasmon Resonance, Plasmon Fluorescence. Additionally, methods of modifying surfaces with molecules and polymers to make e.g. sensor devices will be discussed. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Define the relationship between mass transport and electron transfer processes in electrochemical measurements.
* Analyse current-voltage behaviour potential step and cyclic voltammetry measurements.
* Understand how a molecular build up approach can be used to make functional surfaces.
* Understand how SPR, electrochemistry and impedance, can be used to gain real time information about molecular adsorption and protein-molecule binding.
* Demonstrate a thorough understanding of how the techniques can be applied to novel situations i.e. to develop new biosensors on systems they have not been taught about in the course.
Content:
Introduction and revision of basic concepts in electrochemisty, Electrode kinetics and deriving the Nernst & Butler-Volmer equation, Coupled electron transfer and chemical reactions: EC, ECE and ECE' mechanisms. The glucose biosensor, Methods to improve signal noise: Square Wave & Pulse voltammetry, thin layer cells. Bioelectrochemisty. Surface modification: Self-assembled Monolayers and Polymers. Surface Plasmon Resonance: Theory and Application. Kinetic analysis of surface binding. Impedance Spectroscopy: Analysis of thin films at surfaces. Scanning Force Microsopies. Fluorescence methods.

CH40036: Biopolymers

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014 and while taking this unit you must take CH30039 and take CH30032 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30036
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an overview of biopolymer structures (carbohydrates, nucleic acids). This overview will form a basis for students to appreciate selected recent developments in carbohydrate and nucleic acid chemistry. After studying this unit, students should be able to:
* Show an appreciation of carbohydrate and nucleic acid chemisty.
* Determine the structure of an unknown polysaccharide.
* Explain what is meant by the terms gene and clone.
* Describe how DNA can be manipulated in the test tube.
* Describe how DNA analysis is useful in forensic science and archeology.
* Apply knowledge to problem-solving exercises in carbohydrate and nucleic acid chemistry.
* Critically evaluate publications from the recent literatire to illustrate the course themes.
* Demonstrate knowledge of selected recent developments in carbohydrate and nucleic acid chemistry.
Content:
Monosaccharide and oligosaccharide chemistry and stereochemistry. Carbohydrates as acetals and hemiacetals, relating them to mainstream organic chemistry. Application of NMR spectroscopy to carbohydrate structures. Synthesis of disaccharides with an emphasis on protecting group strategies. The diversity of naturally occurring carbohydrates in a monomeric and polymeric form and their role in biochemistry. Brief summary of DNA and genes. Manipulating (cutting, pasting and amplifying) DNA with enzymes. DNA fingerprinting and crime/paternity cases. Ancient DNA and archeology. Nanomachines made of DNA.

CH40037: Synthesis of medicinal compounds

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30037
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce and illustrate how advanced synthetic organic chemistry is used in the preparation of medicinally valuable compounds with an emphasis on synthetic planning and execution. After studying this Unitm students should be able to:
* Describe several methods for preparing compound libraries based on a given framework.
* Apply the concept of Solid Phase Organic Synthesis (SPOS) to combinatorial chemistry.
* Define reagents and strategies for the assembly of defined stereochemical arrays.
* Design rational analogues, or modified compounds from given medicinal agents.
* Analyse and use reterosynthetic methods to plan synthetic routes to a range of complex target molecules.
Content:
The unit will illustrate the complex relationship between organic chemistry and medicine: Introduction to combinatorial chemistry. Solid Phase Organic Synthesis (SPOS), resins and linkers. Parallel synthesis. Case studies. In addition, several disease areas will be selected and compounds used to treat them considered. The focus of the unit will be the methods used to synthesise those compounds and in particular the synthetic strategies employed. Areas covered will include:- Prostaglandins, b-Lactams, ionophoro antibiotics and anti-cancer drugs.

CH40038: Neutron scattering for chemists

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20016 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30038
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to the theory and practice of modern neutron scattering as applied to chemical systems. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Define and describe scattering parameters for neutrons.
* Describe typical neutron scattering experimental set-up.
* Discuss the use of isotopic substitution and contrast variation.
* Discuss and detailed analysis of small angle scattering data.
* Discuss and detailed analysis of neutron scattering from interfaces.
* Study a recent neutron experiment from literature.
Content:
Introduction: Why neutrons? Scattering theory. Properties of the neutron and production of high fluxes. Experimental detail - neutron spectrometers. Detection of neutrons. Coherent and Incoherent scattering. Elastic and inelastic scattering. Small Angle scattering. Neutron reflection.

CH40039: Computational chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
In taking this unit you cannot take CH30039
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To provide an introduction to computational chemistry describing the range of chemical problems relating to inorganic materials that are accessible to these techniques. To present some of the latest research developments, particularly where electronic structure methods are also employed. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* demonstrate the relationship between interatomic forces and chemical properties and identify where computer simulation techniques can be used.
* describe the usefulness and limitations of selected methods in a variety of chemical situations.
* be able to make a critical analysis of a research paper in computational chemistry.
* describe the value of density functional techniques in modern computational chemistry of materials.
Content:
Definitions of terms such as ensembles and periodic boundaries. Description of energy minimisation methods. Introduction to zeolite catalysts and the role of energy minimisation in understanding their properties. Introduction to molecular dynamics and its use in calculating thermodynamic and diffusion properties. The role of molecular dynamics in modelling diffusion. Introduction to Monte Carlo techniques, including applications e.g. crystal growth. Describe recent developments for modelling interfaces and density functional methods.

CH40040: Chemistry research project

Credits: 12
Level: Masters
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX30DS30OT40
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH40049 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30063 or take CH30050 or take CH40047 or take CH40048
Only available to students on MChem Sandwich programmes Year 4.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To allow students to experience a practical research project typical of research in an academic environment. To further develop and reinforce the skills necessary for research work. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate advanced experimental techniques appropriate to the chosen project.
* Record experimental observations and data in an efficient manner.
* Present results in a variety of formats and place them into context of other researchers' work.
* Demonstrate the ability to plan and conduct an experimental programme.
Content:
A research topic will be selected in conjunction with a supervising member of staff and a program of experimental work planned. In addition to the experimental aspects, appropriate library work will be conducted. Aspects of project planning, safety, report writing skills and oral presentations will be introduced as appropriate.

CH40042: Inorganic cages & clusters

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20015 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30042
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce the principles of main group (esp. boranes) and transition metal cluster chemistry including methods of synthesis, reactivity and a description of the bonding within these sytems. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Predict the structure and reactivity of boranes, heteroboranes and metalloboranes.
* Rationalise the structure of transition metal clusters.
* Describe the synthesis of low nuclearity transition metal clusters.
* Critically assess current literature in the field.
* Describe recent advances in cluster chemistry.
* Be able to rationalise structures and reactivity, using the ideas encountered, in wider chemistry context. Content:Boron Hydrides - introduction and cluster shapes. Wade's Rules - predicting cluster shape. M.O. theory and Wade's rules. Isolobal Theory. Metalloboranes. Synthesis of Boron hydride compounds. Reactivity of Boron hydride compounds. Clusters with main group elements other than boron (Zintl ions, P4 etc)Types of transition metal clusters. Metal framework structures. The role of the ligands - carbonyls, hydrides, phosphines. Structure and bonding in clusters. Extension of Wade's rules to metal clusters. Mingos condensed polyhedral approach. Synthesis and characterization of metal carbonyl clusters. Pyrolysis, thermolysis, redox condensations. Cluster build up reactions. Ligand reactivity - hydrides and carbonyls. Clusters in catalysis.

CH40047: Advanced chemistry research project

Credits: 24
Level: Masters
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX30DS30OT40
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH40048 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30063 or take CH30050 or take CH40040 or take CH40049
Only available to students on MChem (non-Sandwich) programmes Year 4.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To allow students to experience a practical research project typical of research in an academic environment. To further develop and reinforce the skills necessary for research work. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate advanced experimental techniques appropriate to the chosen project.
* Record experimental observations and data in an efficient manner.
* Present results in a variety of formats and place them into context of other researchers' work.
* Demonstrate the ability to plan and conduct an experimental programme.
Content:
A research topic will be selected in conjunction with a supervising member of staff and a program of experimental work planned. In addition to the experimental aspects, appropriate library work will be conducted. Aspects of project planning, safety, report writing skills and oral presentations will be introduced as appropriate.

CH40048: Advanced chemistry research project

Credits: 18
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX30DS30OT40
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH40047 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30063 or take CH30050 or take CH40040 or take CH40049
Only available to students on MChem (non-Sandwich) programmes Year 4.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To allow students to experience a practical research project typical of research in an academic environment. To further develop and reinforce the skills necessary for research work. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate advanced experimental techniques appropriate to the chosen project.
* Record experimental observations and data in an efficient manner.
* Present results in a variety of formats and place them into context of other researchers' work.
* Demonstrate the ability to plan and conduct an experimental programme.
Content:
A research topic will be selected in conjunction with a supervising member of staff and a program of experimental work planned. In addition to the experimental aspects, appropriate library work will be conducted. Aspects of project planning, safety, report writing skills and oral presentations will be introduced as appropriate.

CH40049: Chemistry research project

Credits: 12
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX30DS30OT40
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH40040 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30063 or take CH30050 or take CH40047 or take CH40048
Only available to students on MChem Sandwich programmes Year 4.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To allow students to experience a practical research project typical of research in an academic environment. To further develop and reinforce the skills necessary for research work. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate advanced experimental techniques appropriate to the chosen project.
* Record experimental observations and data in an efficient manner.
* Present results in a variety of formats and place them into context of other researchers' work.
* Demonstrate the ability to plan and conduct an experimental programme.
Content:
A research topic will be selected in conjunction with a supervising member of staff and a program of experimental work planned. In addition to the experimental aspects, appropriate library work will be conducted. Aspects of project planning, safety, report writing skills and oral presentations will be introduced as appropriate.

CH40062: Professional studies in chemistry

Credits: 6
Level: Masters
Academic Year
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH30055 or take CH30081 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH40053
Only available to students on M.Chem programmes with industrial placement
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce students to a number of factors affecting the professional practice of Chemistry in the workplace. Consideration will be given to a range of situations encountered in modern chemical practice at the company on which they are on placement. After studying the unit, students should be able to:
* Describe the company policies on training and intellectual property rights.
* Describe the environmental aspects of the work of their company.
* Cost a research project and prepare a case for its support.
* Describe the market strategies and economic factors affecting the company's performance.
* Describe the development of one of the company's major products.
Content:
Students will be expected to research a range of the following factors within the placement company and complete a report describing company position and policies in. Structural and economic factors of the modern chemical industry; Safety; Environmental impact of the chemical industry; Intellectual property rights; costs of chemical research; personal and management skills.

CH40064: Supramolecular chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20015 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30064
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To look at chemistry 'beyond the molecule' and how a variety of intermolecular interactions can be exploited in terms of molecular recognition both in solution and in the solid state. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* describe some important examples of host-guest chemisty.
* relate the self-organisation of simple molecules to the wider aspects of chemistry.
* highlight future applications of supramolecular chemistry.
* critically review progress in supramolecular chemistry.
* critically analyse recent research papers.
Content:
Introduction to supramolecular chemistry - concepts of molecular recognition, self-assembly, complementarity and receptor-substrate relationships. Host-guest chemistry. Cation and anion recognition and molecular sensors. Catenanes and rotaxanes. Molecular machines and supramolecular catalysis. Ligand design - steric and electronic effects. Use of coordination to control shape. Helices, squares and grids. Coordination polymers. Hydrogen bonding - introduction, molecular recognition and crystal engineering. Weaker interactions - p-p stacking CH...O interactions and d¹º - d¹º interaction (aurophilicity).

CH40066: Inorganic reaction mechanisms & homogeneous catalysis

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20015 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30066
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To develop an understanding of Inorganic reaction mechanisms and modern homogeneous catalytic processes. After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe substitution reactions of 4- and 6- coordinate transition metal compounds.
* Account for electron transfer processes.
* Appreciate catalytic cycles and the mechanisms that underpin them.
* Be able to make critical analysis of a research paper related to catalytic processes.
Content:
Reaction types - associative, dissociative, interchange. Trans-effect and solvent participation in reactions of 4 coordinate complexes. Eigen-Wilkins mechanism; inner and outer electron transfer. Simple Marcus theory. Organometallic mechanisms; Examples of catalytic reactions. Monsanto process, hydroformylation and hydrogenation reactions. Alkene polymerisation amd metathesis.

CH40068: Physical organic chemistry

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20017 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30068
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To revise some basic concepts in physical organic chemistry and develop a number of ideas used to correlate reactivity and mechanism in a range of organic reactions. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe some experimental tools for investigating reaction mechanisms and the use of some theoretical models for their correlations and interpretation.
* Suggest solutions for complex problems involving combinations of numerical and mechanistic information from a variety of sources.
* Propose appropriate experimental approaches for determination of organic reaction mechanisms.
Content:
Energy changes in equilibria and reactivity. Transition states and saddle points. Activation parameters. Analysis of reaction coordinates. Principle of Least Nuclear Motion. Hammond Postulate. More O'Ferrall - Jencks diagrams. Rate - equilibrium correlations. Hammett equation as an example of a linear free-energy relationship. Significance of s and r for reactivity and mechanism. Complex Hammett plots: change in mechanism vs. change in rate-determining step. Equilibrium and kinetic isotope effects. Primary and secondary effects and their significance. Heavy-atom effects. Solvent isotope effects.

CH40072: Main group ring systems

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20095 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30072
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To consider the synthesis, structure, bonding and uses of main group ring compounds with particular emphasis on the transition from ionic to covalent systems. After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* Explain the solid state and solution structures of a range of main group ring compounds (including those containing Li, Mg, Al, B, Si, and P).
* Describe how these compounds are synthesised and how their structure and bonding varies.
* Describe some uses of these compounds.
* Interpret analytical data (e.g. NMR) in order to elucidate structures.
* Extend the principles encountered in the course to critical discussion of recent and potential advances in the synthesis and characterisation of metallo-organic compounds.
Content:
The structure, bonding and synthesis of organolithium ring systems. A detailed examination of lithium amide and imide structures leading to a general theory of ring stacking and laddering. Comparison of Li, Mg and Al ring systems. A survey of the synthesis, structure and bonding of B-N, Si-N, and P-N ring systems.

CH40086: Inorganic chemistry in biological systems

Credits: 3
Level: Masters
Semester: 2
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20014 and (take CH20013 or take CH20078) and (take CH20015 or take CH20079) and in taking this unit you cannot take CH30086
Aims & Learning Objectives:
The overall aim of this course is to provide an introduction to bio-inorganic chemistry with a focus of the role of d- and f-block elements in biology. At the end of this Unit, students should be able to:
* Demonstrate an understanding of how and why the coordination chemistry of metals are used in biological systems.
* Account for the considerable current research attention attracted by transition metals in bioinorganic chemistry.
* Account for the bonding features relating to structural and reactivity patterns.
* Critically assess current literature on Bio-inorganic Chemistry.
Content:
Metals in biology - basic coordination chemistry and analytical methods used in bioinorganic chemistry - metal containing enzyme systems - structural role of metals - metals in medicine.

CH40092: Professional studies in chemistry (study abroad)

Credits: 6
Level: Masters
Academic Year
Assessment: RT100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH30060 and take CH40130 and in taking this unit you cannot take CH40062 or take CH40053
Only available to students on M.Chem programmes involving Study Year Abroad.
Aims & Learning Objectives:
To introduce students to a number of factors affecting the professional practice of Chemistry in the academic world outside the UK. After studying the unit and considering their chosen country of study, students should be able to:
* Describe University policies on training, intellectual property rights and ethical issues.
* Describe the environmental aspects of the work of the University.
* Draw comparisons with the UK system of Higher Education.
Content:
Students will be expected to research a range of the following factors within the University and complete a report describing: Differences in the HE sector in the chosen country and the UK, highlighting strengths and weaknesses; Industrial liaison, Safety; Environmental impact of scientific activities; Intellectual property rights; science ethics; sts of chemical research; personal and management skills.

CH40130: Scientific writing

Credits: 6
Level: Masters
Academic Year
Assessment: OT100
Requisites:
While taking this unit you must take CH30055 or take CH30060 or take CH30081 and (take CH40062 or take CH40092)
Aims: To give students the skills and awareness to be able to present a scientific report commensurate with journal style for specialist readership.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying the Unit, students should be able to:
* keep accurate records of experimental procedures.
* search relevant primary sources for background literature.
* analyse experimental data in the light of literature precedent.
* report experimental procedures in a succinct and accurate manner.
* critically evaluate results in the context of previous work.
* prepare an in depth scientific article conforming to established journal requirements.
Skills:
Scientific writing (F, A), Independent working (F).
Content:
The unit will require the student to prepare a scientific paper based on an original work in the style of international chemistry journal. To do this will require accurate record keeping of experimental procedures relating to CH30055/CH30060/CH30081 project; researching chemical journals to contextualise the experimental work, evaluation to data, presentation of data using appropriate Tables and Figures and referencing of related work in a formal style.

CH40131: Advanced structural and theoretical methods

Credits: 6
Level: Masters
Semester: 1
Assessment: EX100
Requisites:
Before taking this unit you must take CH20013 and take CH20015 and take CH20016
Aims: To describe and give examples of some modern techniques for investigating the structure of a range of inorganic molecules. To introduce the basic principles and some applications of Statistical Thermodynamics.
Learning Outcomes:
After studying this Unit, students should be able to:
* Describe the physical basis, limitations and information available from a range of structural methods such as X-Ray crystallography, NMR NQR and Mossbaurer Spectroscopies.
* Solve a range of problems involving numerical and spectroscopic information.
* Use basic statistical thermodynamic techniques to derive bulk properties of compounds from theoretical or spectroscopic data.
* Assess the reliability of statistical approaches under different conditions.
* Solve problems using the techniques introduced including the application of techniques to unseen situations.
Skills:
Problem solving (T, F, A,). Scientific writing (F,A). Independent working (F). Group working (F).
Content:
Brief introduction to crystallography. Crystal systems and lattices. Unit cells. Periodicity in lattices. Space group diagrams. Data collection procedures and solving crystal structures. Atomic scattering factors and structure factors. R factors. Revision of basic principles of NMR spectroscopy. Variable temperature and 2-D NMR. NMR of paramagnetic compounds. Quadrupolar nuclei, relaxation and linewidths. Origin of NQR spectra. Mossbauer spectroscopy - origins and problems. Isomer shift and quadupole splitting. Description of energy partition, the Boltzmann Distribution Law, and quantum statistics. Derivation of partition functions, their use to calculate properties and comparison with experimental techniques. Evaluation of equlibrium and rate constants. Statistical thermodynamics of solids. Comparison of heat capacities of real materials with Debye and Einstein models.


Postgraduate Units:

Postgraduate units in the Department of Chemistry will be published shortly.

 

University | Catalogues for 2004/05 | for UGs | for PGs

Student Records & Examinations Office, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY
Tel: +44 (0) 1225 384352 Fax: +44 (0) 1225 386366
To request a copy of this information (Prospectus): Prospectus request
To report a problem with the catalogue click here

This page maintained by H.E.Buick@bath.ac.uk. Last update: 10 August, 2004

Copyright ©2003 University of Bath · Disclaimer · Privacy Statement