Department of Mechanical Engineering, Unit Catalogue 2008/09 |
ME40298 Advanced biomaterials |
| Credits: 6 |
| Level: Masters |
| Semester: 1 |
| Assessment: CW 100% |
| Requisites: |
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Aims: To give an appreciation of the concepts underlying the design and selection of materials for use in prostheses and implants.
Learning Outcomes: On successful completion of this unit the student will have: * The knowledge necessary to be able to distinguish various classes of advanced biomaterials materials. * Interpreted information on various types and classes of biomaterials. * The knowledge necessary to be able to distinguish between the various classes of materials used in medicine and dentistry and their application, including the limits of use. Skills: Facilitated intellectual and professional key skills. Content: Definition and classification of biomaterials: Applications of polymers, metals, ceramics and composite as biomaterials for implantation. Surface properties of materials - physical properties of materials- mechanical properties- viscoelasticity. Structure of solids: Crystal structure of solids -crystal imperfections -noncrystalline solids . Strength of biomaterials: Strength and strengthening mechanisms of metals ,ceramics, glasses and polymers. Structural properties of tissues- Bone , Teeth ,Elastic tissues. Biocompatibility: Definition, Wound healing process-bone healing, tendon healing. Material response: Function and Degradation of materials in vivo. Host response: Tissue response to biomaterials, Effects of wear particles. Testing of implants: Methods of test for biological performance- In-vitro implant tests, Invivo implant test methods. Qualification of implant materials. Metallic implant materials: Stainless steel , Co-based alloys, Ti and Ti-based alloys . Ceramic implant materials: Aluminium oxides , Glass ceramics , Carbons. Hard tissue replacement implant: Orthopedic implants, Dental implants. Soft tissue replacement implants: Percutaneous and skin implants, Vascular implants, Heart valve implants. Polymeric implant materials: Polyolefins, polyamides, acrylic polymers, fluorocarbon polymers. Rubbers, Thermoplastics . Physiochemical characteristics of biopolymers. Biodegradable polymers for medical purposes. Synthetic polymeric membranes and their biological applications. Biopolymers in controlled release systems. Artificial skin. Dialysis membrane. |