The presentation will look at the drivers for Russian military action in Ukraine. First, we look at the challenges that a Westernising Ukraine poses to Russia and its allies. Second, we look at the Russian critique of the European security architecture of NATO and the OSCE. Finally, we look at the increasing distrust of the United States given its military actions from the Former Yugoslavia, Iraq in 2003, and Libya in 2011. The presentation will also talk about guerrilla warfare, conventional forces and Russia’s nuclear anxieties.