Terror, Authoritarian Violence and Cosmopolitan Protection

Project rationale and aims

In the long history of violence and conflict, the enlargement of security communities – zones of common security order, institutions and governance together with relatively common security identities, interests and norms – has invariably contributed to peace.

There is an emerging new global interest in the wellbeing of civilians that motivates an approach to security that this project calls “Cosmopolitan Protection” of civilians. This interest has expressed itself in the ideas of human security, responsibility to protect, disapproval of terrorism, the idea of enforcement of global humanitarian norms and the felt need to interfere in the so-called New Wars that threaten civilians with brutal senseless violence.

Clearly this interest and the consequent global cosmopolitan protection of global civilians can be seen as the next stage of enlargement of security communities, from national to global. Yet statistics of conflict fatalities show that Cosmopolitan Protection of civilians against terror and dictatorship has become the main source of escalation of conflict violence in the world.

This project tries to resolve this puzzle of apparent contradiction between mega-trends of violence and the currently observed trend. It will look at how 1) military means, 2) limited military options, as well as 3) global institutions – such as the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and the International Criminal Court – try to control a) the most common threats to civilians (authoritarian violence and terrorism), b) the most violent means used against civilians (weapons of mass destruction) and c) the most violent acts (war crimes and crimes against the humanity) against global civilians.

Project outputs and impacts

• Kivimaki, T., 2015. First do no harm:do air raids protect civilians? Middle East Policy, 22 (4), pp. 55-64.
• Kivimaki, T., 2015. Will air raids in Syria help enforce terror-free global order? International Policy Digest
• Kivimaki, T., 2015. How does the norm on non-interference affect peace in East Asia? Asian Survey, 55 (6), pp. 1146-169.
   

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