When Universal Credit (UC) is fully rolled out in 2026, the proportion of claims with one or more self-employed earners is expected to reach around one in ten, equivalent to around 700,000 households. Self-employed people therefore represent an important subgroup of claimants. However, there is limited evidence about their experiences on UC. This matters because the regulations which apply to UC claimants who ‘work for themselves’ are quite different from those which apply to claimants who are employed.

To help fill the evidence gap, this report by Dr Rita Griffiths and Dr Marsha Wood synthesises findings from two qualitative, longitudinal research studies conducted between 2018 and 2024. Drawing on interviews with self-employed participants, they investigate understanding and experiences of UC policies. They provides insights into the ways in which UC policies around self-employment are being experienced and responded to by this important but somewhat neglected group of claimants. They recommendations for improving support and outcomes for self-employed people on UC.

An accompanying policy brief summarises key findings and recommendations.